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Keyword	DiseaseData	Statement	PubMed	Organism
p16	low grade dysplasia	In addition, p16 was not identified in non-dysplastic tissue and low grade dysplasia.	15328914	Human
p16	low grade dysplasia	CDC6 may be a biomarker of high grade and invasive lesions of the cervix, with limited use in low grade dysplasia. p16(INK4A) was the most reliable marker of cervical dysplasia.	15858126	Human
p16	serrated adenomas	In this study, 46 serrated adenomas from 39 patients, 32 conventional (nonserrated) adenomas from 31 patients, and 18 hyperplastic polyps from 16 patients were evaluated for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of APC, p53, p16, and 3p and for K-ras mutations of	11823977	Human
p16	hyperplastic polyps	In this study, 46 serrated adenomas from 39 patients, 32 conventional (nonserrated) adenomas from 31 patients, and 18 hyperplastic polyps from 16 patients were evaluated for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of APC, p53, p16, and 3p and for K-ras mutations of	11823977	Human
cdkn2	tumor	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
mts1	tumor	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
ink4a	tumor	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
p16	tumor	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
cdkn2a	skin cancer	Both of these genes have been identified as risk factors in skin cancer, MC1R variants are associated with increased risk to both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers, and p16/CDKN2A with increased risk of melanoma.	11830546	Human
p16	skin cancer	Both of these genes have been identified as risk factors in skin cancer, MC1R variants are associated with increased risk to both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers, and p16/CDKN2A with increased risk of melanoma.	11830546	Human
p16	skin cancer	This link between p16 and MC1R may provide a molecular basis for the increased skin cancer risk associated with MC1R polymorphisms.	11830546	Human
p16	polyposis	Methylation of p16, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, and hMLH1 was analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 102 HPs, 8 serrated adenomas, 19 tubular adenomas, and 9 adenocarcinomas from 17 patients, with multiple/large HPs or hyperplastic polypo	11839573	Human
p16	serrated adenomas	Methylation of p16, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, and hMLH1 was analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 102 HPs, 8 serrated adenomas, 19 tubular adenomas, and 9 adenocarcinomas from 17 patients, with multiple/large HPs or hyperplastic polypo	11839573	Human
p16	tubular adenomas	Methylation of p16, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, and hMLH1 was analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 102 HPs, 8 serrated adenomas, 19 tubular adenomas, and 9 adenocarcinomas from 17 patients, with multiple/large HPs or hyperplastic polypo	11839573	Human
p16	idiopathic myelofibrosis	Hypermethylation of p15 and p16 genes was determined in 32 patients with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia(AMM), also known as idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF).	11849214	Human
p16	mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome	Frequent abnormalities of the p15 and p16 genes in mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome.	11874489	Human
p16	mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome	This study suggests that abnormalities of the P15 and P16 genes are common in both early and advanced stages of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome and that these genes may be inactivated by allelic loss and aberrant promoter methylation.	11874489	Human
p14arf	benign melanocytic nevi	P14ARF expression was investigated by immunohistochemical staining of 32 tissue samples of benign melanocytic nevi (n=14), melanomas (n=12) and melanoma metastases (n=6).	11876522	Human
p14arf	benign melanocytic nevi	In summary, we demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between p14ARF protein expression and progression of melanocytic tumors since the amount of p14ARF protein staining decreased from benign melanocytic nevi to metastatic melanoma in situ.	11876522	Human
arf	tumor angiogenesis	The latter finding raises the possibility that Arf may function as a tumor suppressor at least in part by regulating tumor angiogenesis.	11891301	Mouse
p16	colorectal adenocarcinomas	In this study, seven components of cell-cycle control [cyclin D1, retinoblastoma (pRb), p21, p27, p16, p53, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] were examined in a large series of well-characterized colorectal adenocarcinomas using immunohistoch	11920733	Human
p16	differentiated carcinomas	The P16 positive rate was negatively correlated with the degree of tumor histological differentiation, and the rate difference between the high differentiated carcinomas was significant (P < 0.05).	11930651	Human
p16	epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (cepa)	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	adenoid-cystic carcinoma (acc)	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	malignant myoepithelioma	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia	Aberrant methylation of preproenkephalin and p16 genes in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.	12000709	Human
p16	hyperplastic polyps	METHODS: Thirty-nine hyperplastic polyps from 26 CUC patients, 39 sporadic hyperplastic polyps from 29 age- and sex-matched patients without CUC, and 26 colonic mucosal biopsies from 22 patients with CUC but without hyperplastic polyps were analyzed by po	12014733	Human
p16	hyperplastic polyps	Loss of heterozygosity of APC, 3p, p53, p16, and K-ras mutations were present in 21%, 40%, 27%, 20%, and 19% of CUC patients with hyperplastic polyps, respectively, and in 0%, 11%, 20%, 13%, and 13% of non-CUC patients with sporadic polyps, respectively.	12014733	Human
p16	b-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	We examined deletion and methylation of the p15INK4B (p15) and p16INK4A (p16) genes, using Southern blotting and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in 70 untreated adult patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (PBC-	12028019	Human
ink4	relapsed childhood all	These findings argue against an independent prognostic role of INK4 deletions in relapsed childhood ALL.	12036898	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b-cell lymphomas	We analyzed DNA from 36 cases of primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas, four systemic B cell lymphomas, and six benign B cell lymphoproliferative infiltrates for abnormalities of p15 and p16 using microsatellite markers for 9p21, methylation specific polymer	12060387	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b-cell lymphomas	In primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas with allelic loss or promotor hypermethylation of either p15 or p16, loss of expression in tumor cells was identified in 5 of 8 and 9 of 10 cases, respectively.	12060387	Human
cdkn2a	yolk-sac tumor	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
p16	yolk-sac tumor	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
arf	colon tumors	A PCR-based analysis of ARF and p53 cDNAs in normal colon tissues and AOM-induced colon tumors failed to detect mutations in either of these two critical tumor suppressor genes.	12097273	Human
arf	colon tumors	A marked increase in ARF mRNA and protein levels was observed in colon tumors, indicating activation of the ARF-p53 pathway in these tumors.	12097273	Human
p16	differentiated cancer	We report the establishment of a novel AVC cell line (AVC1) derived from a moderately differentiated cancer, having a mutated K- ras, wild-type p53, and methylated p16.	14677066	Human
p16	serous carcinoma	In serous carcinoma, p53 mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration, followed by inactivation of p16 and e-cadherin and amplification of her2/neu. p53 mutation occurs in endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma, the putative precursor of serous carcino	14747944	Human
p16	pancreatoblastoma	Although the cytomorphologic features alone were not specific, the presence of a markedly elevated serum lipase level, cutaneous lesions of fat necrosis, and loss of heterozygosity at 1p, 5q25 at the APC locus, 9p21 at the p16 locus, and 17p13 at the p53	12112815	Human
p16	endometrial polyps	Cytological atypia in endometrial polyps and immunostaining for p16, p53 and Ki67.	12121245	Human
p16	superficial bladder cancers	To study whether specific or bulk hypermethylation predicts intrabladder recurrence, we determined the frequency of aberrant promoter hypermethylation of seven genes, hMLH1, O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), p16, Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), de	12124340	Human
p16	acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Loss of heterozygosity of p16 correlates with minimal residual disease at the end of the induction therapy in non-high risk childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	12127556	Human
p16	spindle cell neoplasms	Differential NF1, p16, and EGFR patterns by interphase cytogenetics (FISH) in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) and morphologically similar spindle cell neoplasms.	12152785	Human
p16	metastatic human prostate cancer	Alterations in the p16/pRb cell cycle checkpoint occur commonly in primary and metastatic human prostate cancer.	12169393	Human
p16	multiple myeloma	These findings showed methylation of the p16 gene was a frequent event inMM patients at diagnosis, and was associated with an increased proliferative rate of plasma cells and a poor prognosis, indicating an important role for p16 gene in the cell cycle re	12199782	Human
p16	tumour	These findings showed methylation of the p16 gene was a frequent event inMM patients at diagnosis, and was associated with an increased proliferative rate of plasma cells and a poor prognosis, indicating an important role for p16 gene in the cell cycle re	12199782	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	Aberrant expression of p16 and RB protein in eccrine porocarcinoma.	12207741	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	Furthermore, one case of eccrine porocarcinoma was analyzed for p16 gene mutation.	12207741	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	Conversely, one case of eccrine porocarcinoma did not show immunoreactivity for p16 protein, whereas RB protein was positive in the scattered nuclei.	12207741	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	No p16 gene mutation was detected in the investigated eccrine porocarcinoma case.	12207741	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that detectable p16 protein and loss of RB protein are common occurrences in eccrine porocarcinoma lesions.	12207741	Human
p16	eccrine porocarcinoma	Moreover, overexpression of p16 protein may be an additional, simple and useful diagnostic marker for eccrine porocarcinoma on routine laboratory screening.	12207741	Human
arf	oral cancer	These data support that INK4a/ARF locus alterations are frequent events preceding the development of oral cancer and that p16(INK4a) inactivation occurs to a greater extent in oral dysplasia than does p14(ARF) inactivation.	12234999	Human
ink4a	oral cancer	These data support that INK4a/ARF locus alterations are frequent events preceding the development of oral cancer and that p16(INK4a) inactivation occurs to a greater extent in oral dysplasia than does p14(ARF) inactivation.	12234999	Human
p16	cervical squamous cell carcinomas	The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(ink4) is expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinomas, their precursors, and cervical ACs, and there is a strong relationship between p16 expression and the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-encoded E6/E7 t	12378514	Human
p16	glandular neoplasms	The diffuse distribution of p16 immunostaining in HPV16/18-positive glandular neoplasms supports a strong association with HPV infection and indicates that this biomarker may discriminate ACIS from its benign mimics.	12378514	Human
ink4a	childhood cancer	The marked synergism in mice between aberrant c-Met signaling and Ink4a/Arf inactivation, lesions individually implicated in human RMS, suggests a therapeutic combination to combat this devastating childhood cancer.	12368906	Human
arf	childhood cancer	The marked synergism in mice between aberrant c-Met signaling and Ink4a/Arf inactivation, lesions individually implicated in human RMS, suggests a therapeutic combination to combat this devastating childhood cancer.	12368906	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	We hypothesized that there may be an appreciable difference in expression of p16 between normal skin, actinic keratoses, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma.	12429789	Human
p16	lymphoid leukemia	To understand molecular pathways underlying 9p21 deletions, which lead to inactivation of the p16/CDKN2A, p14/ARF, and/or p15/CDKN2B genes, in lymphoid leukemia, 30 breakpoints were cloned from 15 lymphoid leukemia cell lines.	12228235	Human
cdkn2a	lymphoid leukemia	To understand molecular pathways underlying 9p21 deletions, which lead to inactivation of the p16/CDKN2A, p14/ARF, and/or p15/CDKN2B genes, in lymphoid leukemia, 30 breakpoints were cloned from 15 lymphoid leukemia cell lines.	12228235	Human
p16	head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Neither p16 promoter hypermethylation nor apparent loss of p16 protein expression appears to be an independent prognostic factor, although loss of p16 protein may be used to predict overall patient survival in early-stage head and neck squamous cell carci	13679459	Human
p16	nodular melanomas	Overall, 52 (48%) tumours expressed p16; nodular melanomas had significantly lower levels of p16 immunoreactivity than superficial spreading melanomas (P = 0.015).	12459643	Human
arf	pituitary tumor	ARF mutation accelerates pituitary tumor development in Rb+/- mice.	12486224	Mouse
p14arf	intestinal-type cancers	Whereas p14ARF methylation was found more frequently in intestinal type cancers in an early stage and in diffuse type cancers in an advanced stage, MSI tended to be related especially to p14ARF methylation in cancers of the intestinal type.	12608655	Human
cdkn2a	plasma cell tumors	Concomitantly, resistant C57BL/6 mice, from which both gene products of the Cdkn2a gene have been eliminated, developed pristane-induced plasma cell tumors over a shorter latency period than the traditionally susceptible BALB/cAn strain.	11113205	Mouse
p14arf	plexiform neurofibroma	We have determined the methylation status of the CpG island of 11 tumour-related genes (RB1, p14ARF, p16INK4a, p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase 8, TP53 and GSTP1) in 18 neurofibromas (including one plexiform neurofibroma) and three neurofibrosarcom	12883734	Human
ink4a	marginal-zone lymphomas (mzl)	Chronic antigenic stimulation at these sites or in response to infection with Hepatitis C provides the milieu for mutations at FAS, API2/ML, TP53 and INK4a/p19ARF and the development of marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) in node, spleen and MALT.	11166833	Human
p16	bladder carcinomas	Prognostic implications of aberrations in p16/pRb pathway in urothelial bladder carcinomas: a multivariate analysis including p53 expression and proliferation markers.	11223676	Human
p16	acute promyelocytic leukemia	Methylation of p15 and p16 genes in acute promyelocytic leukemia: potential diagnostic and prognostic significance.	11283136	Human
p16	therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome	During follow-up, p16 methylation was acquired in two patients, one during the third hematologic relapse, and the other during transformation into therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome.	11283136	Human
ink4a	mouse lymphomas	The BMI-1 gene is a putative oncogene belonging to the Polycomb group family that cooperates with c-myc in the generation of mouse lymphomas and seems to participate in cell cycle regulation and senescence by acting as a transcriptional repressor of the I	11289106	Human
arf	mouse lymphomas	The BMI-1 gene is a putative oncogene belonging to the Polycomb group family that cooperates with c-myc in the generation of mouse lymphomas and seems to participate in cell cycle regulation and senescence by acting as a transcriptional repressor of the I	11289106	Human
p14arf	endometrial neoplasms	We also studied the profile of p14ARF promoter hypermethylation in an extensive collection of 559 human primary tumors of different cell types, observing that in colorectal, gastric, renal, esophageal, and endometrial neoplasms and gliomas, aberrant methy	11306450	Human
p16	metaplasia	DAP-kinase was methylated at a similar frequency in all four stages, whereas hMLH1 and p16 were methylated in cancer samples (20.3% and 42.2%, respectively) more frequently than in intestinal metaplasia (6.3% and 2.1%, respectively) or adenomas (9.8% and	11306456	Human
p16	metaplasia	The hMLH1, THBS1, and TIMP-3 hypermethylation frequencies were similar in both intestinal metaplasia and adenomas, but the p16 hypermethylation frequency tended to be higher in adenomas (11.5%) than in intestinal metaplasia (2.1%; P = 0.073).	11306456	Human
p14arf	anaplasia	In one tumor containing distinct areas with and without anaplasia, p14ARF hypermethylation was detected in the WHO grade II area, while homozygous co-deletion of p14ARF and p16INK4a was found in the region with anaplastic features (grade III).	11307615	Human
p14arf	peritumoral vessel invasion	The analysis of concomitant P14ARF and TP73 overexpression and clinicopathologic parameters of the tumors showed a statistically significant difference with respect to peritumoral vessel invasion (P = 0.01), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.03), negative ERBB	11319797	Human
cdkn2a	melanoma in situ	Among many gene alterations detected in human melanoma, defect of CDKN2A located at chromosome 9p21 seems to be most important in the earlier developmental phase, though significance of this gene in the evolution of melanoma in situ has not been confirmed	11323215	Human
ink4a	enchondroma	The correlation between INK4A/p16 protein expression and tumour grade, and the retention of expression in enchondromas, indicates that loss of INK4A/p16 protein expression may be an important event during tumour progression from enchondroma to conventiona	14991902	Human
p16	enchondroma	The correlation between INK4A/p16 protein expression and tumour grade, and the retention of expression in enchondromas, indicates that loss of INK4A/p16 protein expression may be an important event during tumour progression from enchondroma to conventiona	14991902	Human
ink4a	b16 melanoma	In the spontaneous B16 melanoma cell lines, expression of p16Ink4a and p19Arf tumor suppressor proteins was lost as a consequence of a large deletion spanning Ink4a/Arf exons 1alpha, 1beta, and 2.	14743208	Human
arf	b16 melanoma	In the spontaneous B16 melanoma cell lines, expression of p16Ink4a and p19Arf tumor suppressor proteins was lost as a consequence of a large deletion spanning Ink4a/Arf exons 1alpha, 1beta, and 2.	14743208	Human
cdkn2	mesenchymal tumors	We previously demonstrated that approximately one-half of soft-tissue sarcomas were devoid of either pRB, the product of the retinoblastoma gene, or 16, the product of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene, while a smaller subset of aggressive mesenchymal tumors without me	11341347	Human
mts1	mesenchymal tumors	We previously demonstrated that approximately one-half of soft-tissue sarcomas were devoid of either pRB, the product of the retinoblastoma gene, or 16, the product of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene, while a smaller subset of aggressive mesenchymal tumors without me	11341347	Human
p14arf	burkitt lymphoma	p14ARF homozygous deletion or MDM2 overexpression in Burkitt lymphoma lines carrying wild type p53.	11360201	Human
ink4a	polycythemia vera	Increased expression of the INK4a/ARF locus in polycythemia vera.	11369633	Human
arf	polycythemia vera	Increased expression of the INK4a/ARF locus in polycythemia vera.	11369633	Human
ink4a	primary carcinomas	Molecular analysis of the INK4A and INK4B gene loci in human breast cancer cell lines and primary carcinomas.	11369056	Human
ink4a	neurofibromatosis	SUMMARY: Karyotypic complexities associated with frequent loss or rearrangement of a number of chromosome arms, deletions, and mutations affecting the TP53 region, and molecular alterations of the INK4A gene have been reported in sporadic and/or neurofibr	11406645	Human
p16	condylomas	Limitations in specificity included minimal or no suprabasal staining for Ki-67 in immature condylomas and occasional suprabasal staining of reactive epithelial changes (10%), diffuse weak nuclear cyclin E staining in some normal or metaplastic epithelia,	11420459	Human
cdkn2a	neurofibroma	CDKN2A germline splicing mutation affecting both p16(ink4) and p14(arf) RNA processing in a melanoma/neurofibroma kindred.	11433531	Human
ink4a	leukaemia	Overexpression of the polycomb group gene Bmi1 promotes cell proliferation and induces leukaemia through repression of Cdkn2a (also known as ink4a/Arf) tumour suppressors.	15029199	Human
cdkn2a	leukaemia	Overexpression of the polycomb group gene Bmi1 promotes cell proliferation and induces leukaemia through repression of Cdkn2a (also known as ink4a/Arf) tumour suppressors.	15029199	Human
arf	leukaemia	Overexpression of the polycomb group gene Bmi1 promotes cell proliferation and induces leukaemia through repression of Cdkn2a (also known as ink4a/Arf) tumour suppressors.	15029199	Human
p16	endometrial adenocarcinomas	Distinction of endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinomas: immunohistochemical p16 expression correlated with human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection.	15043304	Human
p16	endometrial adenocarcinomas	Most endocervical adenocarcinomas (ECAs) contain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, whereas endometrial adenocarcinomas (EMAs) rarely do. p16 is an inhibitor ofcyclin-dependent kinases, and overexpression of p16 has been observed in cervical intrae	15043304	Human
p16	insulinomas	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
cdkn2a	insulinomas	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
p14	insulinomas	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
p16	pancreatic tumors	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
cdkn2a	pancreatic tumors	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
p14	pancreatic tumors	RT-PCR analysis revealed loss of expression of at least one of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/p16, CDKN2B/p15, and CDKN2D/p14 with distinct genetic profiles, most frequently in nonfunctional pancreatic tumors (57%) and small intestinal carcinoids (44%)	11479232	Human
cdkn2a	atypical meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	benign meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	atypical meningioma	Six anaplastic meningiomas (46%) and one atypical meningioma (3%) showed homozygous deletions of the CDKN2A, p14(ARF), and CDKN2B genes.	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	benign meningioma	One anaplastic meningioma, three atypical meningiomas, and one benign meningioma without a demonstrated homozygous deletion or mutation of CDKN2A, p14(ARF), or CDKN2B lacked detectable transcripts from at least one of these genes.	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	atypical meningiomas	One anaplastic meningioma, three atypical meningiomas, and one benign meningioma without a demonstrated homozygous deletion or mutation of CDKN2A, p14(ARF), or CDKN2B lacked detectable transcripts from at least one of these genes.	11485924	Human
p16	angiosarcoma of the liver	This study was performed to determine whether alterations of p16 are involved in the development of angiosarcoma of the liver.	11495043	Human
mts1	mammary adenocarcinoma	A composite enhancer that is active in murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells was previously identified in the first intron of the mts1/S100A4 gene.	11504871	Mouse
ink4a	malignant pleural mesothelioma	Genetic alterations of INK4a/ARF locus, which is a predominant event in malignant pleural mesothelioma, may result in loss of p14(ARF) and subsequent disruption of p53 pathway in cancer cells.	11507034	Human
arf	malignant pleural mesothelioma	Genetic alterations of INK4a/ARF locus, which is a predominant event in malignant pleural mesothelioma, may result in loss of p14(ARF) and subsequent disruption of p53 pathway in cancer cells.	11507034	Human
ink4a	melanocytic nevi	Here we evaluate 21 melanocytic lesions at various stages of malignant progression from common melanocytic nevi to metastatic melanomas and examine these lesions for Id1 and p16/Ink4a expression.	11507043	Human
p16	melanocytic nevi	Here we evaluate 21 melanocytic lesions at various stages of malignant progression from common melanocytic nevi to metastatic melanomas and examine these lesions for Id1 and p16/Ink4a expression.	11507043	Human
ink4a	melanoma in situ	We demonstrate that Id1 expression correlates with loss of p16/Ink4a expression in melanoma in situ; however, more advanced stages of melanoma do not express Id1 except within perivascular regions, despite overall decreased p16/Ink4a expression in these l	11507043	Human
p16	melanoma in situ	We demonstrate that Id1 expression correlates with loss of p16/Ink4a expression in melanoma in situ; however, more advanced stages of melanoma do not express Id1 except within perivascular regions, despite overall decreased p16/Ink4a expression in these l	11507043	Human
p16	metastatic bladder cancers	DESIGN: The authors examined the pattern of allelic loss with polymorphic microsatellite markers on chromosome 9p21 (D9S161, D9S171, IFNA), regions of putative tumor suppressor gene p16, and on chromosome 17p13 (TP53), the p53 locus, in matched primary an	11520271	Human
p16	metastatic carcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of allelic loss at chromosome 9p21 (p16) and 17p13 (p53) was generally maintained during cancer progression to metastasis, and identical allelic loss in primary cancer was conserved in paired metastatic carcinoma.	11520271	Human
ink4a	melanoma	CDKN2A (INK4a/ARF) is frequently disrupted in various types of human cancer, and germline mutations of this locus can confer susceptibility to melanoma and other tumours.	11544530	Human
ink4a	melanoma	However, Ink4a*/Delta2,3 mice that are deficient for Ink4a and heterozygous for Arf spontaneously develop a wide spectrum of tumours, including melanoma.	11544530	Mouse
arf	melanoma	However, Ink4a*/Delta2,3 mice that are deficient for Ink4a and heterozygous for Arf spontaneously develop a wide spectrum of tumours, including melanoma.	11544530	Mouse
p 16	bone metastasis	The genetic analysis of DNA from the original tumor, the bone metastasis and the autoptic brain tumor showed LOH of 1p; heterozygous deletion of CDKN2A/p 16 was detected as additional alteration in the metastasis and in the intracranial tumor at autopsy.	15015656	Human
cdkn2a	bone metastasis	The genetic analysis of DNA from the original tumor, the bone metastasis and the autoptic brain tumor showed LOH of 1p; heterozygous deletion of CDKN2A/p 16 was detected as additional alteration in the metastasis and in the intracranial tumor at autopsy.	15015656	Human
p 16	intracranial tumor	The genetic analysis of DNA from the original tumor, the bone metastasis and the autoptic brain tumor showed LOH of 1p; heterozygous deletion of CDKN2A/p 16 was detected as additional alteration in the metastasis and in the intracranial tumor at autopsy.	15015656	Human
cdkn2a	intracranial tumor	The genetic analysis of DNA from the original tumor, the bone metastasis and the autoptic brain tumor showed LOH of 1p; heterozygous deletion of CDKN2A/p 16 was detected as additional alteration in the metastasis and in the intracranial tumor at autopsy.	15015656	Human
p16	breast adenocarcinomas	ErbB2 was also a deciding factor in deregulation of cyclin D1-cdk4/6 in human tumors because no loss of pRb or p16 was found in tumors overexpressing erbB2, although erbB2-negative invasive breast adenocarcinomas frequently lacked expression of p16 or pRb	14982856	Human
p16	gallbladder adenomas	STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four gallbladder carcinomas, 20 gallbladder adenomas, and 18 chronic cholecystitis specimens were immunohistochemically and histopathologically investigated for the relation of p53, p16, and VEGF to Nevin staging and pathologic gradin	11584965	Human
p16	blastic nk-cell lymphoma	In addition, homozygous deletions of p15, p16 and p14 genes in 5 out of 31 samples were detected; 3 were from nasal NK cell lymphoma and 2 from blastic NK cell lymphoma / leukemia.	11676855	Human
p14	blastic nk-cell lymphoma	In addition, homozygous deletions of p15, p16 and p14 genes in 5 out of 31 samples were detected; 3 were from nasal NK cell lymphoma and 2 from blastic NK cell lymphoma / leukemia.	11676855	Human
ink4a	primary central-nervous-system lymphoma	Homozygous deletion of INK4a/ARF genes and overexpression of bcl-2 in relation with poor prognosis in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma of the diffuse large B-cell type.	11804283	Human
arf	primary central-nervous-system lymphoma	Homozygous deletion of INK4a/ARF genes and overexpression of bcl-2 in relation with poor prognosis in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma of the diffuse large B-cell type.	11804283	Human
p16	anaplastic tumors	7/26 (27%) benign, 3/12 (25%) atypical but 4/7 (57%) anaplastic tumors lacked both, p16 and p15 protein expression.	11859969	Human
p16	waldenstrom macroglobulinemia	MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methylation status of the p16 gene was analysed in a group of 159 patients with monoclonal gammopathies (40 monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, eight Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, eight smoldering multiple myeloma	11920239	Human
p16	waldenstrom macroglobulinemia	RESULTS: Forty-one of 98 MM patients (41.8%) as well as four of the five (80%) primary PCL patients showed methylation of the p16 gene, while none of the patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Waldenström Macroglobulinemia or s	11920239	Human
p16	undifferentiated carcinoma	The positive rate of p16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma 10.00% (1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma 51.22% (21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma 57.69% (15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma 62.50% (10/16) (P <	11819820	Human
p16	signet-ring-cell carcinoma	The positive rate of p16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma 10.00% (1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma 51.22% (21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma 57.69% (15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma 62.50% (10/16) (P <	11819820	Human
p16	endometrial carcinomas	Loss of nuclear p16 protein expression is not associated with promoter methylation but defines a subgroup of aggressive endometrial carcinomas with poor prognosis.	10656444	Human
p16	endometrial carcinoma	We therefore wanted to assess the pattern and prognostic impact of p16 protein expression and promoter region methylation in a population-based series of 316 endometrial carcinoma patients with long-term and complete follow-up.	10656444	Human
p16	intratumor microvessel density	Loss of nuclear p16 staining was significantly associated with increased age, high FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage, serous papillary or clear cell histological types, high histological grade, aneuploidy, low estradiol an	10656444	Human
p16ink4	colorectal tumors	Loss of p16INK4 tumor suppressor function in colorectal tumors was associated with proximal location in the gut.	12963980	Human
p14arf	pediatric solid tumors	Aberrations of p16INK4A, p14ARF and p15INK4B genes in pediatric solid tumors.	12963998	Human
p16	polypoid adenomas	We analysed the methylation status of the tumor suppressor gene p16, the DNA mismatch repair gene hMLH1, and four CpG islands (MINT1, MINT2, MINT25, and MINT31) using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in 35 polypoid adenomas and 46 flat dyspl	15064707	Human
ink4a	parathyroid adenomas	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alterations in the components of the pRB pathway in parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid aggressive tumors, including patterns of expression of pRB, Cyc D1, and p16/INK4A.	10671696	Human
p16	parathyroid adenomas	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alterations in the components of the pRB pathway in parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid aggressive tumors, including patterns of expression of pRB, Cyc D1, and p16/INK4A.	10671696	Human
cdkn2	uterine cervical cancer	Alteration of the CDKN2/p16 gene is not required for HPV-positive uterine cervical cancer cell lines.	10675486	Human
p16	uterine cervical cancer	Alteration of the CDKN2/p16 gene is not required for HPV-positive uterine cervical cancer cell lines.	10675486	Human
p16	high-grade lymphoma	With time, a fraction of follicular lymphoma accumulates mutations of p53 and of p16 and evolves into a high grade lymphoma.	10681729	Human
cdkn2a	plasmacytoma	In contrast, mutations of the murine CDKN2A gene predispose BALB/c mice to pristane-induced plasmacytoma.	10688850	Mouse
p16	acral-lentiginous melanoma	An analysis of p16 tumour suppressor gene expression in acral lentiginous melanoma.	10657449	Human
p16	acral-lentiginous melanomas	These data suggest that p16 inactivation may play an important role in the development and progression of acral lentiginous melanomas.	10657449	Human
p16	mouse lymphomas	Previously, we have reported frequent inactivation of the Cdkn2a/Cdkn2b loci encoding p16/p15 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors in a subset of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine- and 1, 3-butadiene-induced mouse lymphomas (S.-M. Zhuang, A. Schippert, A. Hau	10773403	Mouse
cdkn2a	mouse lymphomas	Previously, we have reported frequent inactivation of the Cdkn2a/Cdkn2b loci encoding p16/p15 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors in a subset of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine- and 1, 3-butadiene-induced mouse lymphomas (S.-M. Zhuang, A. Schippert, A. Hau	10773403	Mouse
p16	tubular adenomas	We found that abnormal expression of p16 and p27 increased with the progression of tubular adenomas to advanced gastric cancers.	10779641	Human
ink4a	germ-cell tumors	Alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus in human intracranial germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
arf	germ-cell tumors	Alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus in human intracranial germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
ink4a	nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors	To evaluate whether genetic alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus occur in the genesis of ICGTs, we analyzed the INK4a/ARF genes in 21 ICGTs-10 pure germinomas and 11 nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
arf	nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors	To evaluate whether genetic alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus occur in the genesis of ICGTs, we analyzed the INK4a/ARF genes in 21 ICGTs-10 pure germinomas and 11 nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
ink4a	germinoma	These data suggested that INK4a/ARF gene abnormalities could play an important role in the genesis of ICGTs, especially in pure germinoma.	10786670	Human
arf	germinoma	These data suggested that INK4a/ARF gene abnormalities could play an important role in the genesis of ICGTs, especially in pure germinoma.	10786670	Human
ink4a	high-grade lymphomas	Because the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16/INK4a has been reported to be frequently inactivated in high-grade lymphomas, we evaluated 17 PT-LPD to determine whether p16/INK4a expression could be correlated to morphology, EBV detection, and a Ki-67	10793069	Human
p16	high-grade lymphomas	Because the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16/INK4a has been reported to be frequently inactivated in high-grade lymphomas, we evaluated 17 PT-LPD to determine whether p16/INK4a expression could be correlated to morphology, EBV detection, and a Ki-67	10793069	Human
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16	high-grade lymphomas	Because the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16/INK4a has been reported to be frequently inactivated in high-grade lymphomas, we evaluated 17 PT-LPD to determine whether p16/INK4a expression could be correlated to morphology, EBV detection, and a Ki-67	10793069	Human
p14arf	brain metastases	Thus, in addition to these two genes, we determined the methylation status of the genes p16INK4a, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), p14ARF, TP53, p73, and tissue inhibitor of met	14654977	Human
ink4a	primary breast cancer	INK4a gene expression and methylation in primary breast cancer: overexpression of p16INK4a messenger RNA is a marker of poor prognosis.	10914724	Human
p16	marginal zone b-cell lymphoma	Analysis of the P53, RB/D13S25, and P16 tumor suppressor genes in marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: An interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization study.	10913669	Human
p16	colorectal adenocarcinomas	Expression of thymidylate synthase in human gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas is upregulated by p16/INK4.	10919023	Human
ink4	colorectal adenocarcinomas	Expression of thymidylate synthase in human gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas is upregulated by p16/INK4.	10919023	Human
p16	colorectal adenocarcinomas	CONCLUSIONS: pTS expression regulation in human gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas in complex, and upregulated by p16/INK4.	10919023	Human
ink4	colorectal adenocarcinomas	CONCLUSIONS: pTS expression regulation in human gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas in complex, and upregulated by p16/INK4.	10919023	Human
cdkn2a	tumor	Taken together, our data indicate that mutations of the PTEN and TP53 tumor suppressor genes, homozygous deletion of the CDKN2A gene as well as overexpression of the EGFR, p53 and Mdm2 proteins lack prognostic significance for overall survival time in pat	11083071	Human
p16	squamous-cell lung carcinoma	By increasing the sensitivity of a PCR approach to detect methylated DNA sequences, we now demonstrate that aberrant methylation of the p16 and/or O6-methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase promoters can be detected in DNA from sputum in 100% of patients wit	11085511	Human
p16	primary cutaneous large-cell lymphoma	Here, we provide the first evidence of the involvement of the tumor suppressor gene p16 in primary cutaneous large cell lymphoma.	11121148	Human
cdkn2a	regional cancer	We screened 80 individuals with at least two primary cutaneous melanomas, who were identified mainly by a search of a regional cancer registry, for germ-line CDKN2A mutations.	11156381	Human
p16	mature teratoma	Total resection was performed, and histogenetical findings led to the diagnosis of a mature teratoma with normal p16 gene, whereas analysis of intracranial tumor showed p16 deletion.	11155064	Human
p16	intracranial tumor	Total resection was performed, and histogenetical findings led to the diagnosis of a mature teratoma with normal p16 gene, whereas analysis of intracranial tumor showed p16 deletion.	11155064	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	A total of 33 cases were examined for evidence of death-associated protein kinase and p16 hypermethylation and these consist of 9 cases of spongiotic dermatitis as nonneoplastic skin control, 9 cases of actinic keratosis, 8 cases of squamous cell carcinom	12861061	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	P16 promoter methylation was detected in 1 case of invasive squamous cell carcinoma and 1 case of nonneoplastic skin control but none of the cases of squamous cell carcinoma in situ or actinic keratosis.	12861061	Human
p16	breast and ovarian cancer	At present, the most useful methods of risk assessment are those performed on the following genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 especially for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, hMLH1 and hMSH2 for hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, APC for familial adenom	11205230	Human
p16	medullary-thyroid carcinoma	At present, the most useful methods of risk assessment are those performed on the following genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 especially for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, hMLH1 and hMSH2 for hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, APC for familial adenom	11205230	Human
p16	salivary-gland carcinomas	Analysis of chromosome 9p21 deletion and p16 gene mutation in salivary gland carcinomas.	10534174	Human
p16	salivary duct carcinoma	In addition, another salivary duct carcinoma showed a homozygous deletion of p16 in differential polymerase chain reaction analysis.	10534174	Human
p16	salivary duct carcinomas	These results suggest that inactivation of p16 is important in the development or progression of at least some salivary duct carcinomas, but we found no evidence that its alteration plays a role in the other subtypes examined.	10534174	Human
p16	invasive cancers	Hypermethylation of p16 was localized only to the neoplastic cells in both in situ lesions and invasive cancers, and was associated with loss of p16 protein expression.	10535995	Human
p16	invasive cancer	These data suggest that p16 inactivation is selected as the most effective mechanism of blocking the cyclin D-Rb pathway during the evolution of an invasive cancer from precursor lesions.	10535995	Human
p16	malignant brain tumors	The frequency of the alteration of the p16 gene, either homozygous deletion or mutation accompanied with amino acid substitutions, increased in malignant brain tumors (grade III and IV) compared with that in low grade tumors (grade I and II) (p=0.0275), s	10536183	Human
p16	low-grade tumors	The frequency of the alteration of the p16 gene, either homozygous deletion or mutation accompanied with amino acid substitutions, increased in malignant brain tumors (grade III and IV) compared with that in low grade tumors (grade I and II) (p=0.0275), s	10536183	Human
p16	neurofibromatosis 1	Malignant transformation of neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1 is associated with CDKN2A/p16 inactivation.	10595918	Human
cdkn2a	neurofibromatosis 1	Malignant transformation of neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis 1 is associated with CDKN2A/p16 inactivation.	10595918	Human
p16	gastric adenosquamous carcinoma	The expression of p53, p16 and RB proteins and their clinicopathologic correlation were investigated in 15 cases of primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach.	10605694	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach	The expression of p53, p16 and RB proteins and their clinicopathologic correlation were investigated in 15 cases of primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach.	10605694	Human
p16	angiomyolipoma	In order to investigate a possible link between the two tumours, we investigated mutations in the p53-gene, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at p53, Rb and p16, c-Myc expression, and the telomerase activity of the angiomyolipoma and the osteosarcoma.	10605697	Human
p16	angiomyolipoma	Whilst the tibial osteosarcoma showed LOH at p16, no genetic alterations or increased telomerase activity were found in the angiomyolipoma.	10605697	Human
p16	small-bowel adenocarcinomas	The levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p16, p21, p27, and p53 proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry in samples of normal small bowel (n = 16), small bowel adenomas (n = 20), and small bowel adenocarcinomas (n = 24).	10613343	Human
p16	salivary gland neoplasm	Quantitative study on expression of p16 multiple tumor suppressor gene in salivary gland neoplasm.	12840862	Human
p16	parotid neoplasm	The PU of p16 gene was higher in deep lobe of recurrent parotid neoplasm with incomplete capsule than that in shallow lobe of primary parotid neoplasm with complete capsule.	12840862	Human
p16	salivary gland tumors	The findings suggests that p16 gene plays an equally important role in the salivary gland tumors and tumors in other part of the body.	12840862	Human
ink4a	adult soft tissue sarcomas	Alterations of INK4A and INK4B genes in adult soft tissue sarcomas: effect on survival.	9890173	Human
ink4a	adult soft tissue sarcomas	This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of INK4A and INK4B gene alterations in a cohort of adult soft tissue sarcomas.	9890173	Human
ink4a	high-grade sarcomas	The overall frequency of gene alteration (deletion or rearrangement) was approximately 15% for the INK4A and INK4B genes, with changes restricted to high-grade sarcomas.	9890173	Human
ink4a	adult soft tissue sarcomas	CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS: Coincident homozygous deletion of the INK4A and INK4B genes occurs frequently in adult soft tissue sarcomas.	9890173	Human
p16	female breast cancer	We report the approximately tenfold increase in copy number of DNA from 9p23-24, which is far distal to P16/CDKN2A in female breast cancer cell line COLO 824, as revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, comparative genomic hybridization, and micros	9892114	Human
cdkn2a	female breast cancer	We report the approximately tenfold increase in copy number of DNA from 9p23-24, which is far distal to P16/CDKN2A in female breast cancer cell line COLO 824, as revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, comparative genomic hybridization, and micros	9892114	Human
p16	liver cancer	Detection of aberrant p16 methylation in the plasma and serum of liver cancer patients.	9892188	Human
p16	ovarian epithelial tumor	OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that DNA methylation is important for silencing the p16 tumor suppressor gene in ovarian epithelial tumors and to compare the prevalence of this mechanism among different ovarian epithelial tumor	9889036	Human
p16	ovarian epithelial tumors	OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that DNA methylation is important for silencing the p16 tumor suppressor gene in ovarian epithelial tumors and to compare the prevalence of this mechanism among different ovarian epithelial tumor	9889036	Human
p16	non-small cell carcinoma	p16 inactivation in small-sized lung adenocarcinoma: its association with poor prognosis. p16, an inhibitor of cell cycle machinery, is frequently inactivated in non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCCL).	9988232	Human
p16	other cancers	These results strongly support the hypothesis that the RB nuclear overexpression recently associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer is also associated with loss of p16 function and implies that loss of p16 function could be equally deleterious as R	10022125	Human
p16	bladder cancer	These results strongly support the hypothesis that the RB nuclear overexpression recently associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer is also associated with loss of p16 function and implies that loss of p16 function could be equally deleterious as R	10022125	Human
ink4a	papillomas	The protein expression of cdk6 and ckis viz. p16/Ink4A, p21/Waf1 and p27/Kip1 did not show any significant change in UVB exposed skin, but significant upregulation was observed both in papillomas and carcinomas.	10022811	Human
p16	papillomas	The protein expression of cdk6 and ckis viz. p16/Ink4A, p21/Waf1 and p27/Kip1 did not show any significant change in UVB exposed skin, but significant upregulation was observed both in papillomas and carcinomas.	10022811	Human
p16	acute leukemias	Reports on homozygous deletion of p16 and p15 genes suggest the value of larger, prospective studies with standardized treatment protocols to definitively establish the prognostic utility of p15/p16 deletions in acute leukemias.	10073286	Human
p16	relapsed childhood all	These findings indicate that loss of function of proteins encoded by p16 and/or p15 plays an important role in the biology of relapsed childhood ALL, and is associated with disease progression in a subset of cases.	10090949	Human
cdkn2a	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas	DNA studies underestimate the major role of CDKN2A inactivation in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.	10221335	Human
cdkn2a	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas	Our data show that inactivation of the CDKN2A gene products is a near-universal step in the development of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas, and we suggest that homozygous deletion is the most common mechanism of inactivation.	10221335	Human
p16	verrucous carcinomas	Immunohistochemical analysis of cell cycle-associated proteins p16, pRb, p53, p27 and Ki-67 in oral cancer and precancer with special reference to verrucous carcinomas.	10226946	Human
p16	invasive ductal breast cancer	Using methylation-specific PCR, aberrant hypermethylation of p16 and CDH1 in tumor and plasma was analyzed and correlated with levels of serum protein markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carcinoma antigen 15-3 (CA15.3), in 36 patients with invasiv	14534701	Human
ink4a	gastric stromal tumors	Thirty-eight c-kit-positive gastric stromal tumors were subjected to methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) to detect promoter methylation associated with 11 candidate tumor suppressor genes (p16/INK4a, APC, MGMT, hMLH1, p73, E-cadherin, RAR	14675710	Human
p16	gastric stromal tumors	Thirty-eight c-kit-positive gastric stromal tumors were subjected to methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) to detect promoter methylation associated with 11 candidate tumor suppressor genes (p16/INK4a, APC, MGMT, hMLH1, p73, E-cadherin, RAR	14675710	Human
p16	adenomatous polyps	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Methylation-specific PCR was used to detect p16 methylation in DNA extracted from 52 CRCs and matching serum samples and control serum samples from 34 patients with adenomatous polyps and 10 healthy individuals.	11801557	Human
p16	adenomatous polyps	No methylated p16 sequences were detected in the peripheral serum of the other 32 CRC cases without these changes in the tumor, in 34 patients with adenomatous polyps, or in 10 healthy control subjects.	11801557	Human
ink4a	extrahepatic bile duct cancers	Inactivation of the INK4a/ARF locus and p53 in sporadic extrahepatic bile duct cancers and bile tract cancer cell lines.	11802210	Human
arf	extrahepatic bile duct cancers	Inactivation of the INK4a/ARF locus and p53 in sporadic extrahepatic bile duct cancers and bile tract cancer cell lines.	11802210	Human
ink4	spindle-cell tumor	Gene deletion of the INK4 locus is associated with transformation to a highly invasive spindle cell tumor phenotype.	10341708	Human
p16	prostatic adenocarcinomas	The purpose of the present study was to evaluate patterns of p16 expression in a well-characterized cohort of prostatic adenocarcinomas while exploring potential associations between alterations of p16 and clinicopathological variables.	10353729	Human
p16	metastatic prostate cancers	Analysis of six independent lines from metastatic prostate cancers reveals a similar loss of either p16 or pRb.	10383161	Human
ink4	nervous system tumors	BACKGROUND: A genetic syndrome of cutaneous malignant melanoma and nervous system tumors recently has been characterized and shown to be linked to the INK4 locus in the 9p21 region.	10388473	Human
cdkn2a	plasma cell tumors	The role of p16INK4a (Cdkn2a) in mouse plasma cell tumors.	10396076	Mouse
p16	sporadic colorectal cancers	CIMP+ tumors also have a high incidence of p16 and THBS1 methylation, and they include the majority of sporadic colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability related to hMLH1 methylation.	10411935	Human
ink4a	melanoma	Here we show that melanoma genesis and maintenance are strictly dependent upon expression of H-RasV12G in a doxycycline-inducible H-Ras12G mouse melanoma model null for the tumour suppressor INK4a.	10440378	Mouse
p16	adrenocortical tumors	Inactivation of the p16 tumor suppressor gene in adrenocortical tumors.	10443678	Human
p16	adrenocortical tumors	Inactivation of the p16 tumor suppressor gene (p16INK4A), which encodes the cell cycle protein p16, was investigated in a series of 14 adrenocortical tumors.	10443678	Human
p16	adrenocortical tumors	Immunohistochemistry showed the absence of p16 nuclear staining in all adrenocortical tumors with LOH within 9p21, and positive staining in all remaining tumors without LOH.	10443678	Human
p16	tumor angiogenesis	Infection with a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus vector containing the cDNA of wild-type p16 significantly reduced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, which is thought to be a pivotal mediator of tumor angiogenesis, in p16-d	10446996	Human
p16	common acute lymphoblastic leukemia	There were two patients who had DNA abnormalities in both 9p and 12p, one with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showed 9p LOH and the TEL/AML1 fusion gene on 12p and the other with common ALL and 12p RER had diminished expression of both the p27(	10453181	Human
p16	liver metastases	To evaluate the clinical value of occult micrometastatic disease detection in lymph nodes, we tested genetic (K-ras and p53 gene mutations) and epigenetic (p16 promoter hypermethylation) molecular markers in the perihepatic lymph nodes from colorectal can	10499618	Human
p16	liver metastases	Sixteen of the 21 (76%) liver metastases harbored either gene point mutations or p16 promoter hypermethylation.	10499618	Human
p16	actinic keratosis	We searched for p16, Cdk4 and p53 gene mutations in 20 squamous cell carcinomas (SSCs), 1 actinic keratosis (AK), and 28 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), using PCR-SSCP.	10498902	Human
arf	metastatic cancers	In combination, KrasG12D expression and Ink4a/Arf deficiency resulted in an earlier appearance of PanIN lesions and these neoplasms progressed rapidly to highly invasive and metastatic cancers, resulting in death in all cases by 11 weeks.	14681207	Human
ink4a	metastatic cancers	In combination, KrasG12D expression and Ink4a/Arf deficiency resulted in an earlier appearance of PanIN lesions and these neoplasms progressed rapidly to highly invasive and metastatic cancers, resulting in death in all cases by 11 weeks.	14681207	Human
mts1	gastrinoma	In the present study, 12 gastrinoma and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor specimens were evaluated for genetic alterations of the p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene.	9443399	Human
p16	gastrinoma	In the present study, 12 gastrinoma and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor specimens were evaluated for genetic alterations of the p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene.	9443399	Human
p16	intradermal nevi	We have searched the frequency of p16 and p53 deletion in nine dysplastic nevi and 13 benign intradermal nevi with five microsatellite markers.	9490270	Human
cdkn2a	plasmacytoma	Cdkn2a, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor encoding p16INK4a and p19ARF, is a candidate for the plasmacytoma susceptibility locus, Pctr1.	9482902	Mouse
p16	plasmacytoma	When tested with wild-type (DBA/2) p16, both A134C and G232A BALB/c-specific variants of p16 were inefficient in their ability to inhibit the activity of cyclin D2/CDK4 in kinase assays with retinoblastoma protein, suggesting this defective, inherited all	9482902	Mouse
p16	invasive breast carcinoma	The cell cycle-associated retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and p16 protein were demonstrated using immuno-histochemistry on paraffin sections from 192 cases of invasive breast carcinoma.	9495362	Human
cdkn2a	thymic lymphomas	We used this microsatellite to detect loss of heterozygosity of the Cdkn2A and Cdkn2B loci in gamma-irradiation-induced thymic lymphomas of C57BL/6J x RF/J F1 hybrids.	9501299	Human
mts1	atypical adenomatous hyperplasia	Expression of cyclin D1, retinoblastoma gene protein, and p16 MTS1 protein in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the lung.	9531999	Human
p16	atypical adenomatous hyperplasia	Expression of cyclin D1, retinoblastoma gene protein, and p16 MTS1 protein in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the lung.	9531999	Human
cdkn2a	hepatoblastoma	Analysis of CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CDKN2C, and cyclin Ds gene status in hepatoblastoma.	9537438	Human
cdkn2a	hepatoblastoma	Structural analysis of the CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN2C genes in hepatoblastoma cases showed the absence of deletions and/or point mutations.	9537438	Human
cdkn2a	hepatoblastoma	Messenger RNA (mRNA) analysis showed that CDKN2C is expressed in all hepatoblastoma samples studied, while both CDKN2A and CDKN2B genes are not transcribed in the cancer specimens as well as in the matched normal liver tissues.	9537438	Human
cdkn2a	human hepatoblastoma	Our findings demonstrated the following: 1) CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN2C genes are structurally unmodified in human hepatoblastoma, and 2) CDKN2A (alpha-transcript) and CDKN2B are transcriptionally silenced in normal liver whereas CDKN2A (beta-transcript) a	9537438	Human
cdkn2a	hepatoblastoma	These results show that CDKN2A gene family alterations are not involved in hepatoblastoma development, whereas changes in cyclin D types might play a role in this type of tumor.	9537438	Human
cdkn2a	stage i lung cancer	We tested five gene promoters [CDKN2A (p16), O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and death-associated protein kinase (DAPK)] by real-time methylation-specific PCR in primary tum	12684406	Human
p16	stage i lung cancer	We tested five gene promoters [CDKN2A (p16), O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and death-associated protein kinase (DAPK)] by real-time methylation-specific PCR in primary tum	12684406	Human
p16	testicular cancer	The aim of our study was to examine TGCT and testicular cancer cell lines for deletions and mutations of the p15 and p16 genes.	9554401	Human
p16	testicular cancer	For p15 no band shifts were observed for exons 1 to 2 in TGCT or testicular cancer cell lines; none of benign testicular tumors or normal control tissues demonstrated any band shifts for p15 or p16.	9554401	Human
p16	testicular tumors	For p15 no band shifts were observed for exons 1 to 2 in TGCT or testicular cancer cell lines; none of benign testicular tumors or normal control tissues demonstrated any band shifts for p15 or p16.	9554401	Human
cdkn2	large-cell lymphoma	Codeletion of CDKN2 and MTAP genes in a subset of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may be associated with histologic transformation from low-grade to diffuse large-cell lymphoma.	9591637	Human
p16	adrenal cortical carcinomas	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
p16	high-grade malignant lymphomas	Paraffin sections of 9 reactive lymph nodes and 43 low-grade and 60 high-grade malignant lymphomas were reacted with antibodies against pRB and p16.	9620022	Human
p16	high-grade lymphomas	Loss of p16 was identified in 14 of 55 evaluable high-grade lymphomas but not in any of the low-grade lesions.	9620022	Human
p16	diffuse large cell lymphomas	While loss of RB function was a rare event in human lymphomagenesis, p16 was absent in some 25% of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; diffuse large cell lymphomas were the primary target of tumor suppressor gene inactivation.	9620022	Human
ink4	nervous system tumors	Germ-line deletion involving the INK4 locus in familial proneness to melanoma and nervous system tumors.	9622062	Human
p16	adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix	METHODS: In 40 cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix and 10 normal cervices, expression of estrogen receptor and cell cycle regulatory gene products (cyclin E, p16, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27, p53, and Ki-67) was studied using immunohistochemical technique	9635534	Human
p19	human leukemia-lymphoma	Review of alterations of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor INK4 family genes p15, p16, p18 and p19 in human leukemia-lymphoma cells.	9639410	Human
ink4	human leukemia-lymphoma	Review of alterations of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor INK4 family genes p15, p16, p18 and p19 in human leukemia-lymphoma cells.	9639410	Human
p16	human leukemia-lymphoma	Review of alterations of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor INK4 family genes p15, p16, p18 and p19 in human leukemia-lymphoma cells.	9639410	Human
p16	primary carcinoma	The results revealed that nuclear expression of beta-catenin, p16 and c-myc was quantitatively increased from normal mucosa to premalignant adenoma, primary carcinoma and lymph node metastatic carcinoma; the frequency of nuclear overexpression of beta-cat	14601048	Human
p16	metastatic carcinoma	The results revealed that nuclear expression of beta-catenin, p16 and c-myc was quantitatively increased from normal mucosa to premalignant adenoma, primary carcinoma and lymph node metastatic carcinoma; the frequency of nuclear overexpression of beta-cat	14601048	Human
cdkn2a	soft-tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
mts1	soft-tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
p16	soft-tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
cdkn2a	soft-tissue tumors	Presumably, alterations of the CDKN2A gene do not contribute to the oncogenesis in the majority of soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
p16	t-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemias	As a high proportion of T-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemias have deletions of both p15 and p16, our data suggest that inactivation of these genes makes it possible for leukemic cells to avoid senescence.	9704925	Human
ink4a	low-grade lymphomas	This loss of p16/INK4A was found more frequently in cases showing tumor progression from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue low-grade lymphomas (31 of 37) or follicular lymphomas (4 of 4) into diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.	9736037	Human
p16	low-grade lymphomas	This loss of p16/INK4A was found more frequently in cases showing tumor progression from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue low-grade lymphomas (31 of 37) or follicular lymphomas (4 of 4) into diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.	9736037	Human
cdkn2a	secondary tumors	By comparing the genetic changes in the primary and corresponding secondary tumors, we found that additional loss of CDKN2A and/or RB1, encoding important components of the cell cycle regulatory pathway, was the most frequent genetic change in both types	9739018	Human
p16	adenomas	In the rat, 94% of adenocarcinomas induced by the tobacco specific carcinogen 4-methylnitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone were hypermethylated at the p16 gene promoter; most important, this methylation change was frequently detected in precursor lesions	9751761	Rat
p16	carcinoma in situ	The timing for p16 methylation was recapitulated in human SCCs where the p16 gene was coordinately methylated in 75% of carcinoma in situ lesions adjacent to SCCs harboring this change.	9751761	Rat
p16	carcinosarcoma	This loss associated with carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder is in agreement with previous studies, suggesting a possible role for the tumor suppressor gene p16 in the pathogenesis of this tumor.	14692829	Human
cdkn2	esophageal tumors	p53 and p16/CDKN2 gene mutations in esophageal tumors from a high-incidence area in South Africa.	9808520	Human
p16	esophageal tumors	p53 and p16/CDKN2 gene mutations in esophageal tumors from a high-incidence area in South Africa.	9808520	Human
p16	inherited cancer syndromes	Frequent allelic losses on chromosome 9 are seen in a wide variety of human tumors; moreover, two genes (P16 and PTC) whose mutant alleles confer predispositions to some inherited cancer syndromes have been identified on this chromosome.	9818027	Human
p16	undifferentiated carcinoma	Undifferentiated carcinoma (FRO) cells had a nonsense point mutation at codon 72 (CGA-TGA, Arg-Stop) of p16, whereas the poorly differentiated papillary carcinoma (NPA) line harbored a point mutation at the exon 1-intron 1 boundary that altered the donor	9827724	Human
p16	condylomata acuminata	Condylomata acuminata and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions with infection by low-risk HPV such as HPV-6/11 showed focal and weak immunohistochemical staining for p16.	9846965	Human
p16	leiomyosarcoma	Mechanisms of inactivation of the p16INK4a gene in leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue: decreased p16 expression correlates with promoter methylation and poor prognosis.	14595762	Human
p16	pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland	Deletion of the p16 gene and microsatellite instability in carcinoma arising in pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland.	9917133	Human
p16	carcinosarcoma	Cyclin D1 gene amplification and p16 gene deletion in patients with esophageal carcinosarcoma.	9990483	Human
p16	carcinosarcoma	Because inactivation of p16 gene (which is a putative tumor suppressor gene) is thought to have similar oncogenic effects with CD1 gene amplification, DPCR was used to examine whether p16 homozygous deletion occurs in esophageal carcinosarcoma.	9990483	Human
p16	carcinosarcoma	These results suggest that homozygous deletion of the p16 gene occurs less frequently than CD1 gene amplification in esophageal carcinosarcoma.	9990483	Human
p16	esophageal tumors	To determine the role and mode of inactivation of the p16 and p15 genes in human esophageal tumors, we examined alterations and expression of the alpha and beta forms of the p16 gene, 5' CpG island methylation of p16 exon 1 alpha, and alterations of	9033652	Human
p16	juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma	We screened human primary and recurrent malignant glioma, juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, and meningioma tissue specimens for alterations in p16 gene structure.	9049826	Human
cdkn2a	ovarian adenocarcinomas	To determine the role of the CDKN2A gene in the development of ovarian adenocarcinomas, we examined a large series of benign, low malignant potential (LMP) and invasive ovarian neoplasms for evidence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), homozygous deletions,	9052747	Human
cdkn2a	ovarian adenocarcinomas	No evidence of hypermethylation of the CDKN2A gene was found in 50 primary ovarian adenocarcinomas nor in 3 ovarian cancer cell lines.	9052747	Human
p14arf	salivary-gland carcinomas	Alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a genes in salivary gland carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p16	malt lymphomas	These results indicate that p16 gene methylation is a frequent event in NHLs, mainly in MALT lymphomas, and suggest that it could be an important mechanism of inactivation of this gene.	9067584	Human
p16	plasmacytoma	Moreover, hypermethylation of p16/p15 was associated with blastic disease and concomitant hypermethylation of both genes may be pathogenetically related to plasmacytoma development.	9116295	Human
p16	metastatic prostate cancer	METHODS: Five metastatic prostate cancer cell lines were analyzed for p16 gene structure and its expression by Southern and Northern blot analyses.	9122044	Human
p16	low-grade tumors	Aberrant expression of p16 protein, detected by immunohistochemistry, occurred in 22 of 60 tumors, more frequently in low-grade tumors, and had significant correlation with low p16 mRNA expression.	9133447	Human
p16	ovarian epithelial tumors	We conclude that inactivation of p16, by loss of p16 mRNA and protein expression as a consequence of hypermethylation of the 5'-CpG island, rather than by gene deletion or point mutation, may play an important role in the genesis of human ovarian epi	9133447	Human
cdkn2	metastatic prostate cancer	Deletional, mutational, and methylation analyses of CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) in primary and metastatic prostate cancer.	9171999	Human
mts1	metastatic prostate cancer	Deletional, mutational, and methylation analyses of CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) in primary and metastatic prostate cancer.	9171999	Human
p16	metastatic prostate cancer	Deletional, mutational, and methylation analyses of CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) in primary and metastatic prostate cancer.	9171999	Human
p16	lymph-node metastasis	METHODS: p53 and p16 expression status, the Ki-67 LI, and int-2/cyclin D1 amplification were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and slot blot analysis in pretreatment endoscopic biopsy specimens of 41 patients with T4 or M1 Lym (distant lymph node m	12900371	Human
p16	barrett's adenocarcinomas	Only a minority of Barrett's adenocarcinomas with 9p21 LOH have a somatic mutation in the remaining p16 allele, and none have been found to have homozygous deletions.	9205067	Human
p16	esophageal adenocarcinomas	To determine whether p16 promoter hypermethylation may be an alternative mechanism for p16 inactivation in esophageal adenocarcinomas, we examined the methylation status of the p16 promoter in flow-sorted aneuploid cell populations from 21 patients with p	9205067	Human
mts1	pituitary adenomas	Chromosome 9p deletions in invasive and noninvasive nonfunctional pituitary adenomas: the deleted region involves markers outside of the MTS1 and MTS2 genes.	9205080	Human
p16	barrett's adenocarcinomas	The aim of our study was to determine, in 26 Barrett's adenocarcinomas and 20 squamous-cell carcinomas of the esophagus, the prevalence of loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 9 by typing of microsatellite loci and mutation of p16 by direct sequencin	9212218	Human
p16	benign melanocytic nevi	To investigate the role of the alterations of p16 expression in melanoma, we evaluated by immunohistochemistry the p16 expression and cell proliferation in 79 primary CMM and 10 benign melanocytic nevi (BMN).	9221801	Human
p16	spindle cell neoplasms	In contrast, no fibromatoses and other spindle cell neoplasms of low malignant potential displayed abnormal p16 expression, and only 4 of 23 cases showed loss of pRB expression.	9269824	Human
mts1	testicular germ-cell tumors	Frequent p16INK4 (MTS1) gene inactivation in testicular germ cell tumors.	9284835	Human
p16ink4	testicular germ-cell tumors	Frequent p16INK4 (MTS1) gene inactivation in testicular germ cell tumors.	9284835	Human
p16	hepatoblastoma	Hypermethylation of the p16 gene and lack of p16 expression in hepatoblastoma.	12748249	Human
p16	hepatoblastoma	Aberrant methylation of 5' CpG islands of p16 was present in 12 of 24 (50.0%) cases of hepatoblastoma.	12748249	Human
p16	hepatoblastoma	Nine of 12 (75.0%) unmethylated cases of hepatoblastoma displayed diffuse immunoreactivity, whereas 3 cases of unmethylated hepatoblastoma were not immunostained for p16.	12748249	Human
p16ink4	bone sarcoma	Analysis of the p16INK4 and TP53 tumor suppressor genes in bone sarcoma pediatric patients.	9309118	Human
p16ink4	bone sarcomas	As the molecular events leading to the development of pediatric bone sarcomas remain unclear, we analyzed 75 osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma samples from 43 pediatric patients to search for alterations at the TP53 or p16INK4 tumor suppressor genes.	9309118	Human
cdkn2	thymic carcinoma	p16INK4, pRB, p53 and cyclin D1 expression and hypermethylation of CDKN2 gene in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
p16ink4	thymic carcinoma	p16INK4, pRB, p53 and cyclin D1 expression and hypermethylation of CDKN2 gene in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	thymic carcinomas	Subsequently, we examined the 36 thymomas and 4 thymic carcinomas for mutations in p53 and CDKN2 genes, using PCR-SSCP and direct-sequencing analyses.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	thymic carcinoma	We searched for hypermethylation in the promoter region of CDKN2, observing it in 4 thymomas and 1 thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
mts1	b16 melanoma	Here we have examined the expression of CD44v6 in metastatic variants of the B16 melanoma with different levels of 18A2/mts1 expression.	9413186	Human
p16	lung adenomas	Allelic loss of the p16 tumor suppressor gene also is a frequent event, occurring in about 50% of mouse lung adenocarcinomas, but rarely in lung adenomas, suggesting that it may play a role in malignant conversion or progression of lung tumors.	9589349	Mouse
cdkn2	benign prostatic hyperplasias	Markedly reduced expression of CDKN2 mRNA was found in 43% (26 of 60) of untreated primary carcinomas, whereas no alteration was observed in 10 benign prostatic hyperplasias.	9815578	Human
cdkn2	primary carcinomas	Markedly reduced expression of CDKN2 mRNA was found in 43% (26 of 60) of untreated primary carcinomas, whereas no alteration was observed in 10 benign prostatic hyperplasias.	9815578	Human
cdkn2	primary carcinomas	Alteration of CDKN2 was observed in each prostate tumor cell line, including one with a missense mutation, and in one of three xenograft tumor tissues derived from primary carcinomas.	9815578	Human
cdkn2	primary carcinomas	Analysis of genomic DNA indicated that altered CDKN2 expression in primary carcinomas of the prostate was more frequently due to down-regulation of transcription (five of seven) than deletion of the gene (two of seven).	9815578	Human
p16	plasma-cell leukemia (pcl)	However, the frequency and significance of p16 abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) and the more aggressive phase of plasma cell leukemia (PCL) have not been well defined.	9815612	Human
cdkn2	differentiated thyroid cancers	Infrequent CDKN2 mutation in human differentiated thyroid cancers.	8561866	Human
cdkn2	anaplastic thyroid cancers	We examined the frequency of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) N2 alterations in differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers to assess the involvement of CDKN2 in the development of these cancers.	8561866	Human
cdkn2	papillary cancers	LOH in the region of CDKN2 is seen in a significant proportion of follicular and anaplastic but not papillary cancers.	8561866	Human
cdkn2a	ocular melanoma	Ocular melanoma is not associated with CDKN2A or MC1R variants--a population-based study.	12883368	Human
cdkn2a	ocular melanoma	Our findings argue against an important predisposing effect of the MC1R and CDKN2A genes for ocular melanoma.	12883368	Human
p16	myxofibrosarcoma	In this study, we evaluated the expression of p53, MDM2, MIB-1 (Ki-67), p21, p27, p16, cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin E by immunohistochemistry in 45 cases of myxofibrosarcoma.	14608538	Human
p16	myxofibrosarcoma	Among 43 cases of myxofibrosarcoma for which immunohistochemical findings were available, high MIB-1 labeling index (LI) (cutoffs of 10 and 22.5 on average), high cyclin A LI (cutoffs 10% and 13.8% on average), low p21 LI (cutoffs 10 and 20.7 on average),	14608538	Human
p16	meningiomas	In this study, p15, p16, CDK4 and cyclin D1 genes were analyzed in 69 nonastrocytic human brain tumors, including 17 oligodendrogliomas, 16 medulloblastomas/primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), 14 ependymomas and 22 meningiomas.	8621248	Human
mts1	mouse adenocarcinoma	The expression level of this gene correlates with the hypomethylation of the mts1 first intron sequence in mouse adenocarcinoma cells.	8622894	Mouse
cdkn2	undifferentiated carcinoma	These results that p16/CDKN2 gene alteration is not required for malignant transformation in the thyroid, while p53 gene mutations may play a role in the progression from differentiated to undifferentiated carcinoma.	8625287	Human
p16	undifferentiated carcinoma	These results that p16/CDKN2 gene alteration is not required for malignant transformation in the thyroid, while p53 gene mutations may play a role in the progression from differentiated to undifferentiated carcinoma.	8625287	Human
p16ink4	t-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma	A T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma patient with two malignant cell populations carrying different 9p deletions including the p16INK4 and p15INK4B genes: Clinical response to interferon-alpha therapy in one of the subclones.	8656689	Human
p16ink4	malignant brain tumor	Alterations in P16ink4 or in the gene encoding one of its ligands, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), have been reported in human glioma cell lines and primary tumors but not in primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), the most common malignant brain tumo	8847566	Human
p16	compound nevi	Surprisingly, p16 deletions were also detected in 8/8 benign compound nevi and in 1/3 normal human melanocyte isolates.	8649798	Human
cdkn2a	childhood rhabdomyosarcoma	Analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes (CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN2C) in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. p16INK4A, p15INK4B, and p18 proteins are highly specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent serine/threonine kinase (CDK) activities required for G	8703847	Human
p16	nasopharyngeal carcinoma	Hypermethylation of the p16 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	8665502	Human
p16ink4	thyroid tumors	Status and expression of the p16INK4 gene in human thyroid tumors and thyroid-tumor cell lines.	8690521	Human
p16ink4	thyroid tumors	We have examined the status of the p16INK4 gene in 31 thyroid tumors and 7 thyroid cell lines.	8690521	Human
cdkn2	myxoid chondrosarcoma	Partial deletions of the CDKN2 and MTS2 putative tumor suppressor genes in a myxoid chondrosarcoma.	8689636	Human
cdkn2	myxoid chondrosarcoma	We have previously reported a similar 9p21 abnormality and deletions of the CDKN2 and MTS2 genes in a myxoid chondrosarcoma cell line and its subclones.	8689637	Human
p14arf	low-grade tumors	Some differences may be established regarding the methylation profiles of specific genes and tumor types: MGMT, THBS1, TIMP-3, and p16INK4A appear hypermethylated in low-grade tumors (at least in 45% of cases), whereas GSTP1, DAPK, and p14ARF are mostly c	12579314	Human
p16	recurrent tumors	The primary and recurrent tumors in Group A did not show structural alterations in the p16, p15 or CDK4 genes, whereas homozygous codeletion of p16 and p15 was observed in both primary and recurrent tumors in Group B.	8760309	Human
cdkn2	meningothelial meningioma	The 1 meningioma with a CDKN2/p16 deletion was a meningothelial meningioma, without atypical or malignant features.	8834533	Human
p16	meningothelial meningioma	The 1 meningioma with a CDKN2/p16 deletion was a meningothelial meningioma, without atypical or malignant features.	8834533	Human
p16	gastric carcinomas	To evaluate the preferential histological type of MI-associated mutations in the development of gastric carcinoma, mutations of TGF-beta RII, p53, and p16 were analyzed for the two types of primary gastric carcinomas showing MI.	8840981	Human
p16	gastric carcinoma	To evaluate the preferential histological type of MI-associated mutations in the development of gastric carcinoma, mutations of TGF-beta RII, p53, and p16 were analyzed for the two types of primary gastric carcinomas showing MI.	8840981	Human
p16	parathyroid adenomas	Loss of chromosome arm 9p DNA and analysis of the p16 and p15 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes in human parathyroid adenomas.	8855819	Human
p16	parathyroid adenomas	Because inactivation of the p16 or p15 genes might be expected to result in oncogenic consequences similar to those from cyclin D1 overexpression, we examined 25 parathyroid adenomas for 1) allelic loss of polymorphic DNA loci on chromosome arm 9p, 2) hom	8855819	Human
p16	parathyroid tumors	However, single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of all 3 exons of the p16 gene and both exons of the p15 gene failed to demonstrate mutation in any of the 25 cases, and homozygous deletions of the p16 and p15 genes, which are present in some h	8855819	Human
p16	parathyroid adenomas	These observations indicate that inactivating mutations or homozygous deletions of the p16 and p15 genes occur uncommonly, if ever, in parathyroid adenomas; however, loss of a different tumor suppressor gene (or genes) on 9p appears to contribute to the p	8855819	Human
cdkn2	ovarian adenocarcinomas	To establish the frequency of CDKN2 gene abnormalities in ovarian tumour specimens, we have studied this gene in five ovarian cancer cell lines and in 32 primary and five metastatic ovarian adenocarcinomas.	8855976	Human
cdkn2	sporadic breast cancer	Frequent allele loss on 9p21-22 defines a smallest common region in the vicinity of the CDKN2 gene in sporadic breast cancer.	8889502	Human
p16	esophageal tumors	Alterations in the p16 and p15 cyclin kinase inhibitors, including point mutation and homozygous deletion, have been reported in primary esophageal tumors and/or tumor-derived cell lines.	8893331	Human
p16	thyroid carcinomas	The involvement of Cdk inhibitors in carcinogenesis has been demonstrated by the studies of p16. p53 is frequently mutated in thyroid carcinomas and p21/Waf1 is a downstream effector of p53.	8912526	Human
p16	inverted papillomas	Cuboidal and squamous metaplasia in inverted papillomas showed increased p16 expression in surface cells compared to columnar epithelium in inverted papillomas (p < 0.05 between squamous metaplasia and columnar epithelium).	12507294	Human
p16	inverted papillomas	Cuboidal and squamous metaplasia in inverted papillomas involves downregulation of pRb expression along with increased p16 expression in surface cells.	12507294	Human
p19	burkitt-like lymphoma	Using Southern blot analysis, one homozygous deletion of the p19 gene was detected in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related Burkitt-like lymphoma sample.	8946928	Human
mts1	primary carcinomas	The multiple tumor suppressor 1 (MTS1) and 2 (MTS2) genes, located on chromosome 9p21, have been reported to be deleted or mutated in many malignant cell lines and in a high percentage of some primary carcinomas.	8957063	Human
multiple tumor suppressor 1	primary carcinomas	The multiple tumor suppressor 1 (MTS1) and 2 (MTS2) genes, located on chromosome 9p21, have been reported to be deleted or mutated in many malignant cell lines and in a high percentage of some primary carcinomas.	8957063	Human
mts-1	thyroid tumors	RESULTS: We failed to demonstrate homozygous deletions of MTS-1 and MTS-2 in thyroid tumors, but we demonstrated a highly frequent base pair exchange of the MTS-2 gene 27 codons upstream the 5' end of exon 2.	8957499	Human
mts1	gallbladder carcinoma	Effects of E-cadherin transfection on gene expression of a gallbladder carcinoma cell line: repression of MTS1/S100A4 gene expression.	12532418	Human
mts1	malignant blue nevus	We performed a molecular analysis for loss of heterozygosity on microdissected samples from the spectrum of benign to malignant blue nevus, using a panel of eight genes (MTS1, MXI1, CMM1, p53, NF1, L-myc hOGG1, and MCC), many of which are commonly associa	12544095	Human
cdkn2	squamous cancer	MTS-1 (CDKN2) tumor suppressor gene deletions are a frequent event in esophagus squamous cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines.	7845688	Human
mts-1	squamous cancer	MTS-1 (CDKN2) tumor suppressor gene deletions are a frequent event in esophagus squamous cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines.	7845688	Human
cdkn2	primary glioblastoma	Using this probe, FISH analysis of primary glioblastoma tumors revealed homozygous deletions of the CDKN2 region in 6 of 9 tumors (67%) whereas a yeast artificial chromosome probe containing the interferon type I (IFN) gene cluster was deleted in only 4 c	7867008	Human
mts1	female breast carcinomas	Analysis of MTS1/CDK4 in female breast carcinomas.	7889533	Human
mts1	breast adenocarcinomas	Using PCR-SSCP, we analyzed exons one (126 bp) and two (307 bp) of the MTS1 gene to determine the incidence of mutation in a population of 50 primary breast adenocarcinomas and corresponding normal tissue.	7889533	Human
p16	blast crisis	We have used a semiquantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to search for deletions of the p16 gene in 34 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (CML BC), 19 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 25 patients w	7718873	Human
mts1	metastatic cancers	The mts1 gene codes for a 101 amino acid protein which belongs to the subfamily of S100 Ca(2+)-binding proteins and is overexpressed in metastatic cancers as compared to their nonmetastatic counterparts.	7731714	Human
p16	nasopharyngeal carcinoma	p16 gene alterations in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	7743498	Human
p16	gastric adenoma	For instance, p16 methylation was found in 2.7% of normal gastric epithelium (n = 36), 16.7% of chronic atrophy gastritis (n = 24), 37.5% of dysplasia (n = 24), 67.4% of gastric adenoma (n = 43), and 85.2% of gastric carcinoma (n = 27).	12547284	Human
p16	large-cell carcinoma	METHODS: p16 and p53 expression were detected by immunohistochemical analysis of 90 paraffin specimens of resected NSCLC, including 35 squamous cell carcinoma, 47 adenocarcinoma, and eight large cell carcinoma, between stages I and IV.	12559346	Human
p16	gastric adenomas	The significance of p16 mutations in gastric tumorigenesis was examined by assessing p16 mutations as well as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 9p in 13 gastric adenomas and 45 adenocarcinomas.	7775254	Human
p16	gastric adenomas	Although we found a sequence polymorphism at the second position of codon 99 (CGC/CAC) of the p16 in one gastric adenoma patient, no somatic mutations were detected in any of the gastric adenomas or adenocarcinomas.	7775254	Human
p16	gastric adenoma	Although we found a sequence polymorphism at the second position of codon 99 (CGC/CAC) of the p16 in one gastric adenoma patient, no somatic mutations were detected in any of the gastric adenomas or adenocarcinomas.	7775254	Human
cdkn2	central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor	To investigate the possible role of this gene in the genesis of the central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), four established PNET cell lines and 18 PNET surgical specimens were studied for deletions and mutations of the MTS1/CDKN2 g	7791990	Human
mts1	central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor	To investigate the possible role of this gene in the genesis of the central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), four established PNET cell lines and 18 PNET surgical specimens were studied for deletions and mutations of the MTS1/CDKN2 g	7791990	Human
mts1	secondary tumors	Two out of 5 (40%) secondary tumors showed evidence of homozygous deletion of MTS1.	7794250	Human
cdkn2	biliary tract cancers	Mutations of p16Ink4/CDKN2 and p15Ink4B/MTS2 genes in biliary tract cancers. p16Ink4 and p15Ink4B are cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitors and link to the regulation of cell cycle in mammalian cells.	7796400	Human
p16ink4	biliary tract cancers	Mutations of p16Ink4/CDKN2 and p15Ink4B/MTS2 genes in biliary tract cancers. p16Ink4 and p15Ink4B are cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitors and link to the regulation of cell cycle in mammalian cells.	7796400	Human
cdkn2	gastric cancer	We report a highly frequent homozygous deletion of the p16/CDKN2 gene in the esophageal cancer cell line and a relatively high frequency of homozygous deletion in gastric cancer cell lines.	7614482	Human
cdkn2	adult solid tumors	Homozygous deletions of the CDKN2 (MTS1/p16ink4) gene have been found at high frequency in cell lines derived from a variety of adult solid tumors.	7630190	Human
mts1	adult solid tumors	Homozygous deletions of the CDKN2 (MTS1/p16ink4) gene have been found at high frequency in cell lines derived from a variety of adult solid tumors.	7630190	Human
p16ink4	adult solid tumors	Homozygous deletions of the CDKN2 (MTS1/p16ink4) gene have been found at high frequency in cell lines derived from a variety of adult solid tumors.	7630190	Human
cdkn2	squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder	High frequency of chromosome 9p allelic loss and CDKN2 tumor suppressor gene alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder.	7658499	Human
p16ink4	cutaneous malignant melanoma	BACKGROUND. A gene on chromosome 9p, p16INK4, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cutaneous malignant melanoma in 19 melanoma-prone families.	7666916	Human
cdkn2	colon tumors	It was striking to find that this region was extensively methylated and the gene not expressed in the normal colonic mucosa of 6 of 10 (60%) patients with colon cancer, whereas 5 of the corresponding colon tumors showed no methylation and high levels of p	7553622	Human
p16	testicular tumor	MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined alterations of p16 in 78 primary genital tumors (42 testicular, 21 ovarian and 15 endometrial cancers) and mononuclear cells from 2 patients with Lynch syndrome II as well as 5 testicular tumor cell lines by single-stran	7563391	Human
p16	testicular tumors	RESULTS: The DNA from the p16 gene of 2 testicular tumors (5%), an ovarian cancer (4%) and a testicular tumor cell line (20%) had altered migration in gel electrophoresis as shown by SSCP.	7563391	Human
p16	testicular tumor	RESULTS: The DNA from the p16 gene of 2 testicular tumors (5%), an ovarian cancer (4%) and a testicular tumor cell line (20%) had altered migration in gel electrophoresis as shown by SSCP.	7563391	Human
p16	endometrial tumors	CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that p16 alterations probably are not important for tumorigenesis of testicular, ovarian and endometrial tumors.	7563391	Human
p16	small-lymphocytic lymphoma	We identified the homozygous deletion of P15 and P16 genes in 13 tumors from 12 patients, all belonging to diffuse large-cell histology; 10 had this diagnosis made on presentation, 1 had transformed from small lymphocytic lymphoma, and 1 had transformed f	7579381	Human
p16	borderline ovarian tumors	Southern blot analysis revealed no losses of the p16 gene in either the invasive or borderline ovarian tumors.	7478544	Human
p16	acute promyelocytic leukemia	Neither p16 mRNA nor its protein expression are regulated during the cell cycle of normal phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes, retinoblastoma protein-negative cells, papilloma virus-transformed cells, and acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. p16 mRNA	7589458	Human
cdkn2	chronic phase cml	Whereas none of 22 chronic phase CML cases examined showed alterations, we found that 3/17 total blast crisis examined (18%) showed a homozygous deletion of the CDKN2 gene.	8555065	Human
cdk4i	common acute lymphoblastic leukaemias	We found that none of acute myeloblastic leukaemias (four cases) showed the CDK4I alteration, whereas 6/13 (46%) common acute lymphoblastic leukaemias (ALLs) displayed homozygous deletions.	8555068	Human
mts1	metastatic cancers	Mts1 is overexpressed in metastatic cancers as compared to their nonmetastatic counterparts, and although mts1 is known to be involved in the metastatic phenotype (Davies et al., 1993; Grigorian et al., 1993), the role mts1 plays in this process is not cl	7478526	Human
ink4a	colon tumor	Inhibition of colon tumor progression and angiogenesis by the Ink4a/Arf locus.	12591718	Human
arf	colon tumor	Inhibition of colon tumor progression and angiogenesis by the Ink4a/Arf locus.	12591718	Human
ink4a	colon tumors	Colon tumors in 3-month-old Min mice that were null for the Ink4a/Arf locus (-/-) were moderately larger than in Ink4a/Arf-wild-type (+/+) animals (P = 0.032).	12591718	Mouse
p14arf	neurofibroma	Identification of a splice acceptor site mutation in p16INK4A/p14ARF within a breast cancer, melanoma, neurofibroma prone kindred.	12920094	Human
p16ink4	dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma	We found p16INK4 and E-cadherin promotor methylation in the low grade chondroid compartment of the dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.	12924447	Human
cdkn2a	conjunctival melanoma	CONCLUSION: Evidence for comorbid OM and CM exists in patients with strong phenotypic expression of atypical nevi and conjunctival melanoma, although CDKN2A mutations have not been documented in patients with OM.	12925397	Human
p16	advanced prostate cancer	Loss of p16 expression is of prognostic significance in locally advanced prostate cancer: an analysis from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol 86-10.	12947069	Human
p16	small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix	P16 overexpression and human papillomavirus infection in small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.	14506638	Human
p16	gastric tubular adenomas	Loss of p27kip1 and p16Ink4a (p16) expression, another CDI, has been reported during the progression of gastric tubular adenomas to advanced gastric cancer.	12603618	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors	The P16/cyclin D1/Rb pathway in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.	12612881	Human
p16	adenoid-cystic carcinoma	Expression of p16 protein and hypermethylation status of its promoter gene in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck.	12624503	Human
p16	adenoid-cystic carcinomas (acc)	To explore the role of p16 in the biological behavior of adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of p16 protein in 38 ACC tumors (32 primary, 3 recurrent, and 3 metastatic tumors) and the methylation status of i	12624503	Human
p14arf	meningiomas	Immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4a, p14ARF, p18INK4c, p21CIP1, p27KIP1 and p73 expression in 271 meningiomas correlation with tumor grade and clinical outcome.	12640680	Human
p14arf	meningiomas	We investigated the prognostic significance of p16INK4a, p14ARF, p18INK4c, p21CIP1, p27KIP1 and p73 expression by immunohistochemical analysis of 271 meningiomas.	12640680	Human
p16	human malignant mesothelioma	To determine whether p16 is altered in human malignant mesothelioma (MM), molecular analysis of multiple 9p loci was performed on 40 cell lines and 23 primary tumors from 42 MM patients.	7923195	Human
mts1	esophageal tumors	The MTS1 gene is frequently mutated in primary human esophageal tumors.	7970734	Human
p14arf	intestinal-type adenocarcinoma	TP53, p14ARF, p16INK4a and H-ras gene molecular analysis in intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.	12673679	Human
p14	mucinous cystic neoplasms	In this study, we compared methylation status of p16, p14, VHL, and ppENK genes by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and genetic alterations including K-ras and beta-catenin gene mutations, chromosome 3p loss, and microsatellite instability in 15 mucinous c	14614047	Human
p16	mucinous cystic neoplasms	In this study, we compared methylation status of p16, p14, VHL, and ppENK genes by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and genetic alterations including K-ras and beta-catenin gene mutations, chromosome 3p loss, and microsatellite instability in 15 mucinous c	14614047	Human
p14	mucinous cystic neoplasms	There were no significant differences between mucinous cystic neoplasms and serous microcystic adenomas in methylation of p16 (14%, 2/14 and 12%, 2/16), p14 (15%, 2/13 and 37%, 6/16), VHL (0/14 and 7%, 1/14), and ppENK (0/14 and 0/13), respectively.	14614047	Human
p16	mucinous cystic neoplasms	There were no significant differences between mucinous cystic neoplasms and serous microcystic adenomas in methylation of p16 (14%, 2/14 and 12%, 2/16), p14 (15%, 2/13 and 37%, 6/16), VHL (0/14 and 7%, 1/14), and ppENK (0/14 and 0/13), respectively.	14614047	Human
p16	non-small cell carcinomas	The authors evaluated 5 noninvasive dysplasias and 33 invasive gallbladder carcinomas (6 small cell carcinomas, 27 non-small cell carcinomas, of which 16 were accompanied by an in situ carcinoma component) for expression of the protein products of the p16	12692194	Human
p16	squamous cervical cancer	Expression of p27, p21, and p16 protein in early squamous cervical cancer and its relation to prognosis.	12694668	Human
p16	squamous cervical cancer	OBJECTIVE: To examine the prognostic significance of the protein expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors p27, p21, and p16 in early squamous cervical cancer (SCC).	12694668	Human
p16	plasma cell tumors	BALB/c mice are susceptible to the development of pristane-induced plasma cell tumors, and have a rare allelic variant in the coding region of the p16(INK4a) (p16) tumor suppressor gene that produces a protein with impaired activity.	12700664	Mouse
p16	recurrent colorectal cancer	Molecular detection of p16 promoter methylation in the serum of recurrent colorectal cancer patients.	12712439	Human
p14	duodenal carcinomas	RESULTS: Duodenal carcinomas were methylated more frequently or had increased methylation densities than biliary carcinomas at p14 (P = 0.04), hMLH1 (P = 0.04), MGMT (P = 0.01), MINT1 (P = 0.01), MINT25 (P = 0.01), MINT27 (P = 0.001), RAR beta (P = 0.03),	12730870	Human
mts1	intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors	P53 mutation but not p16/MTS1 mutation occurs in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12749268	Human
p16	intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors	P53 mutation but not p16/MTS1 mutation occurs in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12749268	Human
p19	sezary syndrome	Antibodies reactive with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) proteins p19, p24, gp46, p56, and gp68 were detected in four of 27 patients with mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome (MF/SS) and one patient with Kaposi's sarcoma using radioimmunopre	1353704	Human
p16	hyperplastic polyps	METHODOLOGY: To evaluate the possible p16 role in the development of colonic neoplasms, the authors studied p16 immunohistochemical expression of 84 lesions of colorectal cancers, 6 lesions of hyperplastic polyps, 59 lesions of adenomas and 8 lesions of c	14696398	Human
p16	hyperplastic polyps	RESULTS: Compared with normal colonic mucosa, in which virtually no p16 expression was observed, p16 was overexpressed in hyperplastic polyps (33%:2/6) adenomas (46%:27/59), carcinoma in adenoma (88%:7/8) and in adenocarcinomas (98%:82/84).	14696398	Human
mts1	mouse tumor	Structure of gene mts1, transcribed in metastatic mouse tumor cells.	2332170	Mouse
cdkn2a	primary testicular lymphoma	We studied the methylation status of E-cadherin, CDKN2B, CDKN2A, BRCA1, RB1, VHL, RASSF1A, RARB, and GSTP1 by use of TGCT tissues and testicular malignant lymphoma tissues (25 primary TGCT tissues and three primary testicular lymphoma tissues).	12874790	Human
cdkn2a	testicular lymphoma	In contrast, all three (100%) of the testicular lymphoma tissues demonstrated hypermethylation of E-cadherin, RASSF1A, and RARB, but not CDKN2B, CDKN2A, BRCA1, RB1, VHL, and GSTP1.	12874790	Human
p16	small bowel adenomas	The levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p16, p21, p27, and p53 proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry in samples of normal small bowel (n = 16), small bowel adenomas (n = 20), and small bowel adenocarcinomas (n = 24).	10613343	Human
p16	dcis	Three of these proteins, cyclin D1, pRb and p16, were analysed by immunohistochemistry on archival paraffin sections to determine whether expression patterns were different in preinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast tumours relativ	9652762	Human
p16	dcis	We therefore characterised the cell cycle regulators cyclin E, cyclin D1, p27 and p16 in a material of DCIS cases arranged in a tissue microarray.	14612904	Human
p16	ductal carcinoma in situ	Three of these proteins, cyclin D1, pRb and p16, were analysed by immunohistochemistry on archival paraffin sections to determine whether expression patterns were different in preinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast tumours relativ	9652762	Human
p16	mucinous adenocarcinoma	In the broad field of cervical glandular lesions, topics covered include: the value of markers such as MIB1, p16 and bcl-2 in distinguishing adenocarcinoma in situ and glandular dysplasia from benign mimics; markers of mesonephric lesions, including CD10;	17365826	Human
p16	benign ovarian tumors	METHODS: We examined the promoter methylation status of 9 tumor suppressor genes (RARbeta2, TMS1, RIZ1, P15, P16, PTEN, MINT31, APC and HIC1) in 89 ovarian cancers, 16 borderline ovarian tumors, 19 benign ovarian tumors, 16 normal ovarian tissue and 5 ova	17177027	Human
p14	lynch syndrome	We found MLH1 and p14(ARF) are methylated in 53 and 60% of the Lynch syndrome adenomas and in 4 and 20% of sporadic adenomas, whereas CDKN2A/p16 and MGMT are methylated in 6 and 14% of the Lynch syndrome adenomas versus 50 and 64% of sporadic adenomas.	17278092	Human
p16	monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance	In this comprehensive study, using methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR), we show that p16 methylation is relatively common and occurs in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS; n=17), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM; n=40), and MM (n=522)	16840723	Human
p16	mgus	In this comprehensive study, using methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR), we show that p16 methylation is relatively common and occurs in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS; n=17), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM; n=40), and MM (n=522)	16840723	Human
ink4a	figo stage iib ovarian carcinoma	We performed immunohistochemical analysis of p16(INK4a) and pRb expression and correlated with survival in a series of 300 patients with FIGO stage IIb-IV ovarian carcinoma which were enrolled in a randomized prospective trial evaluating two different pla	17242700	Human
p16ink4a	recurrent respiratory papillomatosis	Protein expression of the tumor suppressors p16INK4A and p53 and disease progression in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.	17277618	Human
p16	sporadic breast cancer	MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hypermethylation status of BRCA1, p16 and 14-3-3sigma in cancerous tissues and the paired serum of 38 sporadic breast cancer patients was examined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) assay.	17264521	Human
ink4a	adenocarcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix	IMP3 is a novel biomarker for adenocarcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix: an immunohistochemical study in comparison with p16(INK4a) expression.	17192788	Human
ink4a	follicular lymphoma	These data identify CBX7 as a chromobox protein causally linked to cancer development and may help explain the low frequency of INK4a/ARF mutations observed in human follicular lymphoma.	17374722	Human
ink4a	sarcoma	Furthermore, in contrast to accelerated cancer onset and increased epithelial cancers of late-generation mTerc-/- p53 mutant mice, late-generation mTerc-/- Ink4a/Arf mutant mice experienced a delayed tumor onset and maintained the lymphoma and sarcoma spe	17360455	Mouse
p16	borderline ovarian tumors	METHODS: We examined the promoter methylation status of 9 tumor suppressor genes (RARbeta2, TMS1, RIZ1, P15, P16, PTEN, MINT31, APC and HIC1) in 89 ovarian cancers, 16 borderline ovarian tumors, 19 benign ovarian tumors, 16 normal ovarian tissue and 5 ova	17177027	Human
p16	adenocarcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix	IMP3 is a novel biomarker for adenocarcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix: an immunohistochemical study in comparison with p16(INK4a) expression.	17192788	Human
p14	lynch syndrome	Consequently, we assessed the methylation status of CDKN2A/p16, MGMT, MLH1 and p14(ARF) in adenomas arising in the Lynch syndrome, a familial colon cancer syndrome caused by MLH1 and MSH2 mutations, to determine if DNA methylation is a "second hit&qu	17278092	Human
p16	lynch syndrome	Consequently, we assessed the methylation status of CDKN2A/p16, MGMT, MLH1 and p14(ARF) in adenomas arising in the Lynch syndrome, a familial colon cancer syndrome caused by MLH1 and MSH2 mutations, to determine if DNA methylation is a "second hit&qu	17278092	Human
p16	polyp	Consequently, we assessed the methylation status of CDKN2A/p16, MGMT, MLH1 and p14(ARF) in adenomas arising in the Lynch syndrome, a familial colon cancer syndrome caused by MLH1 and MSH2 mutations, to determine if DNA methylation is a "second hit&qu	17278092	Human
p16	oropharyngeal cancer	Combined analysis of HPV-DNA, p16 and EGFR expression to predict prognosis in oropharyngeal cancer.	17236202	Human
p14	polyp	Consequently, we assessed the methylation status of CDKN2A/p16, MGMT, MLH1 and p14(ARF) in adenomas arising in the Lynch syndrome, a familial colon cancer syndrome caused by MLH1 and MSH2 mutations, to determine if DNA methylation is a "second hit&qu	17278092	Human
arf	polyp	Consequently, we assessed the methylation status of CDKN2A/p16, MGMT, MLH1 and p14(ARF) in adenomas arising in the Lynch syndrome, a familial colon cancer syndrome caused by MLH1 and MSH2 mutations, to determine if DNA methylation is a "second hit&qu	17278092	Human
p14arf	papillary carcinomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14arf	follicular adenomas	These deregulations were statistically significant for pl6INK4a (P=0.006) in follicular adenomas and close to statistical significance for p14ARF in follicular adenomas (P=0.06) and in papillary carcinomas (P=0.05).	17117177	Human
p16	familial uveal melanoma	Familial uveal melanoma: absence of germline mutations involving the cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor gene (p16).	8740697	Human
cdkn2	familial uveal melanoma	CDKN2 gene, a cutaneous melanoma predisposition gene, is probably not a uveal melanoma predisposition gene as evidenced by the lack of somatic mutations involving this gene in uveal melanoma samples and the absence of germline mutations in familial uveal	8970601	Human
arf	germ cell tumors	Alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus in human intracranial germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
arf	medulloblastoma	Loss of p53 but not ARF accelerates medulloblastoma in mice heterozygous for patched.	11212243	Mouse
arf	malignant ependymoma	We found that: (1) the polyclonal FL-132 antibody seems to be suitable for studying pl4ARF protein status in routinely processed and paraffin-embedded specimens; (2) decreasing pl4ARF protein expression is associated with patterns of ependymoma biological	11585252	Human
arf	ependymal neoplasms	We found that: (1) the polyclonal FL-132 antibody seems to be suitable for studying pl4ARF protein status in routinely processed and paraffin-embedded specimens; (2) decreasing pl4ARF protein expression is associated with patterns of ependymoma biological	11585252	Human
arf	asap	Here predictions for these two mechanisms were tested for the Arf1 effector GGA and ASAP family Arf GAPs.	12376537	Human
arf	cerebellar tumors	Unlike p53, loss of the Arf tumor suppressor did not contribute to the appearance of vascular or cerebellar tumors.	14500377	Mouse
arf	low-grade tumours	For CDKN2B and p14 ARF, methylation was more frequent in low-grade tumours; the reverse was observed for CDKN2A.	14636164	Human
arf	pediatric medulloblastomas	We analyzed the TP53 and INK4A/ARF loci in 29 pediatric medulloblastomas.	14969745	Human
arf	kidney cancer	We examined the tumor and the matched urine and serum DNA for aberrant methylation of nine gene promoters (CDH1, APC, MGMT, RASSF1A, GSTP1, p16, RAR-beta2, and ARF) from 17 patients with primary kidney cancer by quantitative fluorogenic real-time PCR.	15289362	Human
arf	genitourinary cancer	Urine samples from 91 control subjects without evidence of genitourinary cancer revealed no methylation of the MGMT, GSTP1, p16, and ARF genes, whereas methylation of RAR-beta2, RASSF1A, CDH1, APC, and TIMP3 was detected at low levels in a few control sub	15289362	Human
arf	alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas	Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas in conditional Pax3:Fkhr mice: cooperativity of Ink4a/ARF and Trp53 loss of function.	15489287	Mouse
arf	high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
arf	myelofibrosis	We analyzed the promoter methylation status of eight tumor-associated genes (p14 ARF, p15 INK4B, p16 INK4A, Rb, hMLH1, hMSH2, APC, and DAPK) in 30 patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) by methylation specific PCR.	15755503	Human
arf	mantle-cell lymphomas	CDK4 and MDM2 Gene Alterations Mainly Occur in Highly Proliferative and Aggressive Mantle Cell Lymphomas with Wild-type INK4a/ARF Locus.	15781632	Human
arf	amelanotic melanoma	OBJECTIVE: To characterize a murine model of spontaneous amelanotic melanoma arising in the uvea of transgenic mice bearing a targeted deletion of the Ink4a/Arf tumor suppressor locus (exons 2 and 3) and expressing human H-ras controlled by the human tyro	16087843	Mouse
arf	malignant mesotheliomas	Human malignant mesotheliomas accumulate multiple somatic genetic alterations, including inactivation of the NF2 and CDKN2A/ARF tumor suppressor genes.	16166281	Human
arf	malignant mesotheliomas	Remarkably, similar to human malignant mesotheliomas, tumors from Nf2 (+/-) mice showed frequent homologous deletions of the Cdkn2a/Arf locus and adjacent Cdkn2b tumor suppressor gene, as well as reciprocal inactivation of Tp53 in a subset of tumors that	16166281	Mouse
arf	genitourinary cancer	Urine samples from the 91 controls without evidence of genitourinary cancer revealed no methylation of the p16, ARF, MGMT, and GSTP1 gene promoters, whereas methylation of RARbeta2, TIMP3, CDH1, Rassf1A, and APC was detected at low levels.	16170165	Human
cdk4i	squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx	We have examined the presence of p16MTS1/CDK4I gene deletions, mutations and methylation status, and 9p21-23 deletions in a series of 46 squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and paired normal mucosa previously characterized for cyclin D1 gene amplificat	9333020	Human
cdkn2	anaplastic astrocytomas	Forty-six glioblastomas, 16 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 8 astrocytomas were studied for the loss of the CDKN2 (p16/MTS1) gene on 9p.	7987821	Human
cdkn2	cervical tumor	In this aspect, the potential role of the CDKN2 gene at 9p21-p22 in ovarian carcinogenesis was assessed in an extended panel of ovarian tumors, 11 human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, and 1 cervical tumor cell line.	7743516	Human
cdkn2	ovarian tumors	In this aspect, the potential role of the CDKN2 gene at 9p21-p22 in ovarian carcinogenesis was assessed in an extended panel of ovarian tumors, 11 human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, and 1 cervical tumor cell line.	7743516	Human
cdkn2	central nervous system pnet	The genesis of the human central nervous system PNET does not involve deletion or mutation of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene.	7791990	Human
cdkn2	stage iv nsclc	Homozygous CDKN2 deletion was detected in 13 (28%) of 46 tumor cell lines from patients with stage III or stage IV NSCLC, compared with zero of 10 tumor cell lines from patients with stage I or stage II NSCLC.	7563154	Human
cdkn2	anaplastic astrocytomas	By using comparative multiplex PCR, homozygous deletions of the CDKN2/p16 gene were detected in 24 GBMs (57%) and in 2 anaplastic astrocytomas.	8548755	Human
cdkn2	hemangiopericytomas	Homozygous deletions of the CDKN2/p16 gene in dural hemangiopericytomas.	8834533	Human
cdkn2	bronchogenic carcinoma	[Expression of CDKN2 gene product in human bronchogenic carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of P16 protein in bronchogenic carcinoma and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma and to determine the relationship between the gene and bronchogenic ca	9388844	Human
cdkn2	thymomas	Subsequently, we examined the 36 thymomas and 4 thymic carcinomas for mutations in p53 and CDKN2 genes, using PCR-SSCP and direct-sequencing analyses.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	thymomas	We searched for hypermethylation in the promoter region of CDKN2, observing it in 4 thymomas and 1 thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	prostate tumor	Alteration of CDKN2 was observed in each prostate tumor cell line, including one with a missense mutation, and in one of three xenograft tumor tissues derived from primary carcinomas.	9815578	Human
cdkn2	head and neck carcinomas	[Mutation and methylation of CDKN2 gene in human head and neck carcinomas] OBJECTIVE: To study mutations of CDKN2 gene in human head and neck carcinomas (HNC) and to elucidate the role of this gene in tumorigenesis.	10072856	Human
cdkn2	carcinoid	DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to evaluate loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite alterations using primers flanking 22 polymorphic microsatellite markers from 9 chromosomal regions, including genes associated with	10679642	Human
cdkn2	seminoma	To assess whether the aberrant p16INK4A expression could be related to the alterations in CDKN2 regulatory sequence, we screened seminoma DNAs from 19 patients for the promoter mutations.	15734211	Human
cdkn2	seminoma	These data suggest that in addition to previously characterized anomalies, the identified CDKN2 promoter mutation may be relevant for altered p16INK4A protein expressions in at least some seminoma.	15734211	Human
cdkn2a	benign epithelial tumours	Paraffin sections from 190 epithelial ovarian tumours, including 159 malignant and 31 benign epithelial tumours, were analysed immunohistochemically for expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product p16INK4A (p16).	9036870	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic oligodendrogliomas	LOH for 9p and/or deletion of the CDKN2A gene occurred in 15 of these 55 tumors, and 11 of these cases were among the 24 (42%) anaplastic oligodendrogliomas.	10433931	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic oligodendrogliomas	These findings demonstrate that oligodendroglial neoplasms usually have loss of 1p and 19q whereas astrocytomas of the progressive type frequently contain mutations of the TP53 gene, and that 9p loss and CDKN2A deletions are associated with progression fr	10433931	Human
cdkn2a	head and neck tumors	We tested 30 patients with primary head and neck tumors using methylation-specific PCR searching for promoter hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor gene p16 (CDKN2A), the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and the putative me	11221887	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic meningiomas	Alterations of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A (p16(INK4a)), p14(ARF), CDKN2B (p15(INK4b)), and CDKN2C (p18(INK4c)) in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic meningiomas	Six anaplastic meningiomas (46%) and one atypical meningioma (3%) showed homozygous deletions of the CDKN2A, p14(ARF), and CDKN2B genes.	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic meningiomas	Two anaplastic meningiomas carried somatic point mutations in CDKN2A (c.262G>T: E88X and c.262G>A: E88K) and p14(ARF) (c.305G>T: G102V and c.305G>A: G102E).	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	anaplastic meningiomas	However, the majority of anaplastic meningiomas either show homozygous deletions of CDKN2A, p14(ARF), and CDKN2B, mutations in CDKN2A and p14(ARF), or lack of expression of one or more of these genes.	11485924	Human
cdkn2a	supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumours	Molecular genetic analysis of the TP53, PTEN, CDKN2A, EGFR, CDK4 and MDM2 tumour-associated genes in supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumours and glioblastomas of childhood.	12175345	Human
cdkn2a	myeloid tumors	The effectiveness of large-scale insertional mutagenesis in a sensitized genetic background is demonstrated by the preference for activation of MAP kinase signaling, collaborating with Cdkn2a loss in generating the lymphoid and myeloid tumors.	12185367	Human
cdkn2a	mammary tumor	Differences in mammary tumor occurrence among genotypes for Prkdc and Cdkn2a in N2 mice were not statistically significant.	12750252	Human
cdkn2a	ependymal tumours	CDKN2A, CDKN2B and p14ARF are frequently and differentially methylated in ependymal tumours.	14636164	Human
cdkn2a	low-grade tumours	For CDKN2B and p14 ARF, methylation was more frequent in low-grade tumours; the reverse was observed for CDKN2A.	14636164	Human
cdkn2a	kidney tumors	Using sensitive methylation-specific PCR, we screened matched tumor DNA and sediment DNA from preoperative urine specimens obtained in 50 patients with kidney tumors, representing all major histological types, for hypermethylation status of a panel of six	14695183	Human
cdkn2a	glioblastoma	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this series of 140 consecutive cases of glioblastoma treated at a single center, we analyzed the frequency, age dependency and prognostic effects of TP53 mutation, CDKN2A/p16 deletion, EGFR amplification, as well as loss of chromos	14734474	Human
cdkn2a	hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome	This article traces the historical aspects of hereditary cancer dealing with identification and ultimate molecular genetic confirmation of commonly occurring cancers, particularly of the colon in the case of familial adenomatous polyposis and its attenuat	15264268	Human
cdkn2a	barrett's esophagus	We measured p16 (CDKN2A/INK4A) lesions (loss of heterozygosity, mutations, and CpG island methylation), p53 (TP53) lesions (loss of heterozygosity, mutation) and ploidy abnormalities (aneuploidy, tetraploidy) within each Barrett's esophagus segment o	15492292	Human
cdkn2a	high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
cdkn2a	invasive cervical cancers	Flow cytometry on primary CVX and NCK and immunohistochemical staining of formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from which primary CVX cultures were derived as well as from a separate set of invasive cervical cancers confirmed differential expr	15629771	Human
cdkn2a	colon polyps	Aberrantly Methylated CDKN2A, MGMT, and MLH1 in Colon Polyps and in Fecal DNA from Patients with Colorectal Polyps.	15709190	Human
cdkn2a	hyperplastic polyps	Consequently, we have assessed in colon adenomas and hyperplastic polyps the methylation status of MGMT, CDKN2A, and MLH1 to determine the timing and frequency of these events in the polyp-carcinoma progression sequence and subsequently to analyze the pot	15709190	Human
cdkn2a	colon adenomas	Consequently, we have assessed in colon adenomas and hyperplastic polyps the methylation status of MGMT, CDKN2A, and MLH1 to determine the timing and frequency of these events in the polyp-carcinoma progression sequence and subsequently to analyze the pot	15709190	Human
cdkn2a	hyperplastic polyps	We have found that methylated MGMT, CDKN2A, and MLH1 occur in 49%, 34%, and 7% of adenomas and in 5%, 10%, and 7% of hyperplastic polyps, respectively, and that they are more common in histologically advanced adenomas.	15709190	Human
cdkn2a	invasive ductal carcinomas	Expressions of DUSP6, CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4 were investigated by immunohistochemistry in a total of 206 lesions of dysplastic ductal precursors and carcinomas retrieved from 52 pancreata with invasive ductal carcinomas and 51 of those with intraductal p	15832194	Human
cdkn2a	malignant mesotheliomas	Human malignant mesotheliomas accumulate multiple somatic genetic alterations, including inactivation of the NF2 and CDKN2A/ARF tumor suppressor genes.	16166281	Human
cdkn2a	malignant mesotheliomas	Remarkably, similar to human malignant mesotheliomas, tumors from Nf2 (+/-) mice showed frequent homologous deletions of the Cdkn2a/Arf locus and adjacent Cdkn2b tumor suppressor gene, as well as reciprocal inactivation of Tp53 in a subset of tumors that	16166281	Mouse
cdkn2a	gastrointestinal stromal tumors	Prognostic Role of E2F1 and Members of the CDKN2A Network in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.	16166437	Human
ink4	digestive tract tumor	CONCLUSION: The role of DNA methylation in the silence of p16/INK4 may different between these two types of upper digestive tract tumor.	15612883	Human
ink4a	liver tumors	Induction of mutations in Ki-ras and INK4a in liver tumors of mice exposed in utero to 3-methylcholanthrene.	9667743	Mouse
ink4a	liver tumors	Approximately 12% (3/26) of the liver tumors exhibited point mutations in exon 1 of the INK4a gene, with each of the three tumors exhibiting two point mutations.	9667743	Mouse
ink4a	lung tumor	To provide further evidence that hypermethylation is involved in the loss of p16 (Ink4a) gene expression, three mouse lung tumor cell lines (C10, sp6c and CMT64) displaying complete methylation at seven promoter CpG sites and no p16 (Ink4a) expression wer	10964101	Mouse
ink4a	liver tumors	Using the transplacental carcinogenesis model, which results in the induction of both lung and liver tumors following in utero exposure to MC, the results of this and our previous studies show that alterations in the Ink4a locus occur in only 15 and 27% o	11595130	Human
ink4a	liver tumors	These results imply that damage to the Ink4a gene is not a frequent pathway to malignant progression in mouse lung and liver tumors following in utero exposure to environmental carcinogens.	11595130	Mouse
ink4a	pediatric medulloblastomas	We analyzed the TP53 and INK4A/ARF loci in 29 pediatric medulloblastomas.	14969745	Human
ink4a	malignant ovarian germ cell tumours	Significance of beta-catenin and pRB pathway components in malignant ovarian germ cell tumours: INK4A promoter CpG island methylation is associated with cell proliferation.	15476271	Human
ink4a	barrett's esophagus	We measured p16 (CDKN2A/INK4A) lesions (loss of heterozygosity, mutations, and CpG island methylation), p53 (TP53) lesions (loss of heterozygosity, mutation) and ploidy abnormalities (aneuploidy, tetraploidy) within each Barrett's esophagus segment o	15492292	Human
ink4a	alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas	Alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas in conditional Pax3:Fkhr mice: cooperativity of Ink4a/ARF and Trp53 loss of function.	15489287	Mouse
ink4a	neurofibroma	In Part I of this review, we discussed findings demonstrating that a loss of NF1 tumor suppressor gene function in neoplastic Schwann cells is a key early step in neurofibroma formation and that progression from neurofibroma to MPNST is associated with ab	15715079	Human
ink4a	melanoma	The mutation of genes associated with melanoma, such as INK4a or BRAF that would affect either Mitf cooperation with Rb1 or Mitf stability respectively, would impair Mitf-mediated cell cycle control.	15716956	Human
ink4a	myelofibrosis	We analyzed the promoter methylation status of eight tumor-associated genes (p14 ARF, p15 INK4B, p16 INK4A, Rb, hMLH1, hMSH2, APC, and DAPK) in 30 patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) by methylation specific PCR.	15755503	Human
ink4a	mantle-cell lymphomas	CDK4 and MDM2 Gene Alterations Mainly Occur in Highly Proliferative and Aggressive Mantle Cell Lymphomas with Wild-type INK4a/ARF Locus.	15781632	Human
ink4a	amelanotic melanoma	OBJECTIVE: To characterize a murine model of spontaneous amelanotic melanoma arising in the uvea of transgenic mice bearing a targeted deletion of the Ink4a/Arf tumor suppressor locus (exons 2 and 3) and expressing human H-ras controlled by the human tyro	16087843	Mouse
mlm	hamartomas	To investigate the molecular mechanisms of tuberous sclerosis (TSC) histopathologic lesions, we have tested for loss of heterozygosity the two TSC loci (TSC1 and TSC2) and seven tumor suppressor gene-containing regions (TP53, NF1, NF2, BRCA1, APC, VHL, an	8824721	Human
mts1	metastatic tumors	The mts1 gene is specifically expressed in certain metastatic tumors but not in their nonmetastatic counterparts.	1329089	Human
mts1	anaplastic astrocytomas	After controlling for the contamination of tumor samples with normal cells, homozygous loss of MTS1 was found in 13 of 25 anaplastic astrocytomas (WHO grade III) and in 27 of 46 cases of glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) but in none of seven astrocytomas (WHO	7805033	Human
mts1	central nervous system pnet	The genesis of the human central nervous system PNET does not involve deletion or mutation of the MTS1/CDKN2 gene.	7791990	Human
mts1	tumors of the central nervous system	In this study we have examined the status of the MTS1 gene in a variety of non-astrocytic tumors of the central nervous system.	7794250	Human
mts1	t-cell neoplasms	We observed a higher frequency of MTS1 deletions in ALL than in NHL (P < 0.001) and in T-cell neoplasms compared to B-cell neoplasms (67% v 6%; P = 0.001).	8547074	Human
mts1	common tumor	The genes p16 (or MTS1) and TEL/AML1 are now respectively recognized as the most common tumor suppressor and fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	9372085	Human
mts1	testicular germ cell tumors	Frequent p16INK4 (MTS1) gene inactivation in testicular germ cell tumors.	9284835	Human
mts1	mesenchymal neoplasms	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tumor suppressor gene MTS1/p16 (cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor) and a putative tumor metastasis suppressor gene nm23 (nucleoside diphosphate A kinase) have been identified in a variety of human tumors but have not been well	11223831	Human
mts1	minimal residual disease	We evaluated the incidence of MTS1/p16 deletions by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in 36 non-high risk B-cell precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) and correlated these results with clinical features and with the presence of mi	12127556	Human
mts1	mrd	We evaluated the incidence of MTS1/p16 deletions by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in 36 non-high risk B-cell precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) and correlated these results with clinical features and with the presence of mi	12127556	Human
mts1	adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix	The prognostic impact of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21WAF1, p27Kip1, and p16INK4/MTS1 in adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix: an immunohistochemical evaluation of expression patterns in population-based material from 142 patients with internati	14584070	Human
mts1	rectal carcinomas	[The expression of MTS1 gene product in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinomas and its clinical significance] OBJECTIVE: To study the property of transitional mucosa (TM) adjacent to rectal carcinoma and the clinical significance of MTS1 gene d	11829899	Human
mts1	rectal carcinoma	METHODS: We used the immunohistochemical methods to observe the range of TM adjacent to rectal carcinoma, and the immunohistochemical method to observe the expression of MTS1 gene product on TM, using normal mucosa and carcinoma tissue as control.	11829899	Human
mts1	rectal carcinoma	TM is related to MTS1 gene expression deficit of rectal carcinoma, showing that MTS1 gene expression deficit or mutation may be a factor inducing transitional change adjacent to carcinoma.	11829899	Human
mts1	pulmonary metastasis	Microarray Analysis of Metastasis-Associated Gene Expression Profiling in a Murine Model of Thyroid Carcinoma Pulmonary Metastasis: Identification of S100A4 (Mts1) Gene Overexpression as a Poor Prognostic Marker for Thyroid Carcinoma.	15579771	Human
p14	prostate tumors	RESULTS: Overexpression of p16 mRNA was found in 6/9 (67) of prostate tumors compared to the adjacent normal prostate, whereas elevated p14 and p15 levels were only observed in 2/9 (22) and 1/6 (17) of prostate cases, respectively.	10797499	Human
p14	prostate tumors	Exon 2 of p16/p14 is methylated in a majority of prostate tumors compared to the unmethylated upstream 5' region, and may be a potential tumor marker for human prostate cancer.	10797499	Human
p14	malignant ependymoma	We found that: (1) the polyclonal FL-132 antibody seems to be suitable for studying pl4ARF protein status in routinely processed and paraffin-embedded specimens; (2) decreasing pl4ARF protein expression is associated with patterns of ependymoma biological	11585252	Human
p14	ependymal neoplasms	We found that: (1) the polyclonal FL-132 antibody seems to be suitable for studying pl4ARF protein status in routinely processed and paraffin-embedded specimens; (2) decreasing pl4ARF protein expression is associated with patterns of ependymoma biological	11585252	Human
p14	advanced cancers	Inactivation of both p16 and p14 genes may result in a malignant change in colorectal cancer cells, leading to advanced cancers with a smaller size than those with p16 or p14 activity.	12716465	Human
p14	carcinoid tumors	Carcinoid tumors were frequently methylated at RARbeta, MGMT, p16, COX2, p14, THBS1, and ER ranging from 25 to 63% of tumors.	12584572	Human
p14	carcinoid tumors	Methylation was more frequent in carcinoid tumors than PETs at MGMT (25 versus 0%, p = 0.03), THBS1 (44 versus 9%, p = 0.04), p14 (44 versus 9%, p = 0.04) and RARbeta (25 versus 0%, p = 0.03).	12584572	Human
p14	low-grade tumours	For CDKN2B and p14 ARF, methylation was more frequent in low-grade tumours; the reverse was observed for CDKN2A.	14636164	Human
p14	colon adenoma	To address changes in the methylation profiles of multiple genes during colorectal carcinogenesis, we investigated the methylation of 12 genes (APC, COX-2, DAP-kinase, E-cadherin, GSTP1, hMLH1, MGMT, p14, p16, RASSF1A, THBS1, and TIMP3) in normal colon (n	15122305	Human
p14	relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Methylation profile was analyzed in nine cases of relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for p14, p15, p16, Rb, MGMT, APC, hMLH1, RARbeta, RIZ, DAPK, and FHIT genes by using methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) analysis.	15201966	Human
p14	nodular melanomas	Altered expression of cell cycle regulators Cyclin D1, p14, p16, CDK4 and Rb in nodular melanomas.	15547691	Human
p14	nodular melanomas	Strong staining of p14 was found in 63% of nodular melanomas and was associated with strong p53 expression (p=0.014), and with high levels of CDK4 (p<0.0001).	15547691	Human
p14	uterine cervical cancer	METHODS: We analyzed CpG island hypermethylation in 15 genes (APC, CDH1, COX2, DAPK, FHIT, GSTP1, HLTF1, hMLH1, MGMT, p14, p16, RASSF1A, RUNX3, THBS1, and TIMP3) and its association with the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C an	15589597	Human
p14	high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
p14	myelofibrosis	We analyzed the promoter methylation status of eight tumor-associated genes (p14 ARF, p15 INK4B, p16 INK4A, Rb, hMLH1, hMSH2, APC, and DAPK) in 30 patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) by methylation specific PCR.	15755503	Human
p14arf	pediatric astrocytomas	Incidence of p14ARF gene deletion in high-grade adult and pediatric astrocytomas.	10665922	Human
p14arf	stage i adenocarcinomas of the lung	Aberrant expression of pRb, p16, p14ARF, MDM2, p21 and p53 in stage I adenocarcinomas of the lung.	11940214	Human
p14arf	laryngeal tumor	[Effect of p14ARF gene on cell growth of human laryngeal tumor cells and expression of endogenous p53 protein] OBJECTIVE: To explore the inhibitory effect of p14ARF on the cell growth of laryngeal carcinoma and the expression on endogenous p53.	12761983	Human
p14arf	familial cancers	They are "classical" tumor suppressor genes with associated familial cancers (BRCA1, hMLH1, p16INK4a, VHL, etc.) and putative new tumor suppressor genes which loss may contribute to the transformed phenotype (MGMT, p14ARF, GSTP1, RARB2, etc.).	12908548	Human
p14arf	neurofibromatosis	p15INK4b, p14ARF, and p16INK4a inactivation in sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-related malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.	14519636	Human
p14arf	diffuse astrocytomas	Deregulation of the TP53/p14ARF tumor suppressor pathway in low-grade diffuse astrocytomas and its influence on clinical course.	14581362	Human
p14arf	ependymal tumours	CDKN2A, CDKN2B and p14ARF are frequently and differentially methylated in ependymal tumours.	14636164	Human
p14arf	kidney tumors	Using sensitive methylation-specific PCR, we screened matched tumor DNA and sediment DNA from preoperative urine specimens obtained in 50 patients with kidney tumors, representing all major histological types, for hypermethylation status of a panel of six	14695183	Human
p14arf	well-differentiated liposarcomas	Distinct MDM2 and P14ARF expression and centrosome amplification in well-differentiated liposarcomas.	14695989	Human
p14arf	clear cell sarcoma	Alterations of the p16INK4a/p14ARF pathway in clear cell sarcoma.	15298727	Human
p14arf	melanocytic neoplasm	Alterations in the p16INK4a/p14ARF gene are common in malignant melanoma, which is the prototypical melanocytic neoplasm.	15298727	Human
p14arf	barrett's adenocarcinoma	To study the contribution of each pathway to the carcinogenesis of Barrett's adenocarcinoma, we analysed the alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of this disease.	15185075	Human
p14arf	invasive breast cancers	p14ARF expression in invasive breast cancers and ductal carcinoma in situ--relationships to p53 and Hdm2.	15318938	Human
p14arf	nsclc	Using genetic and epigenetic analyses, we examined various molecular alterations including the loss of protein and mRNA expression, and 5'CpG hypermethylation, allelic imbalance, and mutation of the p14ARF gene in a series of 102 NSCLC samples, in pa	15269146	Human
p14arf	occupational bladder cancer	An analysis of the effects of lifestyle and occupational bladder cancer risk factors revealed that TCC of smokers showed a 2-fold elevated expression of MDM2 mRNA and an approximately 2-fold lower expression of P14ARF mRNA, whereas the activity of the p73	15492852	Human
p14arf	aggressive nk-cell leukemia	We found methylation of the first exon of the p16INK4A gene in two cases (one aggressive, one blastic), and methylation of the p14ARF gene in one aggressive NK cell leukemia.	15813917	Human
p14arf	aggressive nk-cell leukemia	It has been reported that tumor suppressor genes are inactivated by DNA methylation of the promoter region and/or first exon of the genes in a variety of human cancers.	15813917	Human
p14arf	squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue	p14ARF Protein Expression Is a Predictor of Both Relapse and Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anterior Tongue.	15930346	Human
p16	brain tumors	Deletion of p16 and p15 genes in brain tumors.	7987828	Human
p16	medulloblastomas	We found that p16 and a neighboring gene, p15, were often homozygously deleted in glioblastoma multiformes but not in medulloblastomas or ependymomas.	7987828	Human
p16	primary tumours	Screening of primary tumours and linkage analysis of familial melanoma pedigrees have identified many potential mutations in p16, but the functional significance of these sequence variants has remained unclear.	7777061	Human
p16	melanomas in situ	Our results suggest that loss of p16 protein expression is (a) not necessary for tumor initiation in malignant melanoma because all melanomas in situ and the majority of primary invasive melanomas retain expression of this protein; and (b) potentially mor	7796391	Human
p16	hodgkin's disease	We identified the homozygous deletion of P15 and P16 genes in 13 tumors from 12 patients, all belonging to diffuse large-cell histology; 10 had this diagnosis made on presentation, 1 had transformed from small lymphocytic lymphoma, and 1 had transformed f	7579381	Human
p16	anaplastic astrocytomas	By using comparative multiplex PCR, homozygous deletions of the CDKN2/p16 gene were detected in 24 GBMs (57%) and in 2 anaplastic astrocytomas.	8548755	Human
p16	hemangiopericytomas	Homozygous deletions of the CDKN2/p16 gene in dural hemangiopericytomas.	8834533	Human
p16	common tumor	The genes p16 (or MTS1) and TEL/AML1 are now respectively recognized as the most common tumor suppressor and fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	9372085	Human
p16	trophoblastic tumors	[The expressions of p16, CDK4 and PCNA proteins in trophoblastic tumors] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the regulatory factors in G1 phase of cell cycle and the cacrinogenesis of the trophoblastic cells.	10681785	Human
p16	trophoblastic tumors	RESULTS: The expressions of p16 protein between malignant trophoblastic tumors and normal villi were significantly different (P < 0.05).	10681785	Human
p16	ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	[A study on P16 and P53 protein expressions in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma] An immunohistochemical method utilizing avidin-biontin complex (ABC) technique was used in this study to detect P16 and P53 protein expressions in 40 ovarian serous cystaden	10683958	Human
p16	cll	Several cases of CLL manifested LOH at a locus telomeric to the p15 and p16 tumor suppressor genes, all being early to intermediate stage disease.	9018124	Human
p16	benign epithelial tumours	Paraffin sections from 190 epithelial ovarian tumours, including 159 malignant and 31 benign epithelial tumours, were analysed immunohistochemically for expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product p16INK4A (p16).	9036870	Human
p16	benign tumours	Most benign tumours showed no p16 expression in the tumour cells, whereas only 11% of malignant cancers were p16 negative.	9036870	Human
p16	gastric tumors	Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to measure gene expressions (relative mRNA levels) of p16 and the alternate transcript pl6beta in esophageal and gastric tumors. p16 gene expression was undetectable in 13 of 25 esophageal squamous	9333024	Human
p16	neck tumors	Expression of p16 protein was negative or weak in 9% of the cases, and this tended to be less frequent in head/neck tumors compared with the others (0% vs. 12%).	9355977	Human
p16	prostate tumor	Results of the study show that whereas universal promoters, such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) promoter-driven tumor suppressors (e.g. p53, p21, and p16), were effective in inhibiting prostate tumor growth, the advantages of drivin	9436028	Human
p16	benign testicular tumors	For p15 no band shifts were observed for exons 1 to 2 in TGCT or testicular cancer cell lines; none of benign testicular tumors or normal control tissues demonstrated any band shifts for p15 or p16.	9554401	Human
p16	b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphomas	Detection of single and associated lesions of the Bcl-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, c-myc, p53 and p16 genes in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: value of molecular analysis for a better assignment of the histologic subtype.	9573674	Human
p16	low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions	Condylomata acuminata and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions with infection by low-risk HPV such as HPV-6/11 showed focal and weak immunohistochemical staining for p16.	9846965	Human
p16	cystadenomas	All six cases of normal pancreas and all but 1 of 20 cases of chronic pancreatitis expressed p16 protein, whereas 37.5% (3 of 8) of cystadenomas and 41. 9% (26 of 62) of PCs lost p16 expression.	9815833	Human
p16	cervical tumor	MSP-ISH reveals that p16 hypermethylation occurs heterogeneously within early cervical tumor cell populations that are separate from those expressing viral E7 transcripts.	10535995	Human
p16	gliomas	Alternatively, since the p16, retinoblastoma (RB), and CDK4 genes have been implicated in malignant progression, detection of losses or amplifications of these genes in gliomas could be diagnostically, prognostically, and therapeutically important.	10587703	Human
p16	premalignant condition	Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 9p21 and 17p13 chromosomes (locations for p16 and p53 genes, respectively) is frequently observed in the premalignant condition, Barrett's esophagus.	10601379	Human
p16	adenocarcinomas of the prostate	METHODS: The levels of p16 and CDK4 proteins were quantitated by immunofluorescence flow cytometry, using paraffin embedded material, in 104 adenocarcinomas of the prostate after radical prostatectomy.	10640976	Human
p16	bph	RESULTS: In prostatic carcinoma specimens, p16 protein was elevated significantly compared with BPH, with a median fluorescence index (FI) of 15.4 versus 10.7, respectively (P = 0.010).	10640976	Human
p16	bph	This was not the case for CDK4 protein, although p16 protein expression correlated significantly with CDK4 protein expression in BPH (Spearman rank correlation [R(S)] = 0.63) and carcinoma (R(S) = 0.78).	10640976	Human
p16	secondary glioblastomas	Primary (de novo) glioblastomas develop in older patients and are characterized by epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor amplification/overexpression, p16 deletion, and PTEN mutations, whereas secondary glioblastomas that progressed from low-grade or ana	10666371	Human
p16	cartilaginous tumour	The role of two important tumour suppressor genes, p16 and p53, was evaluated in cartilaginous tumour tissues.	10709095	Human
p16	prostate tumor	Replacement of p16 inhibits prostate tumor cell growth, but the mechanism is not known.	10713671	Human
p16	prostate tumors	RESULTS: Overexpression of p16 mRNA was found in 6/9 (67) of prostate tumors compared to the adjacent normal prostate, whereas elevated p14 and p15 levels were only observed in 2/9 (22) and 1/6 (17) of prostate cases, respectively.	10797499	Human
p16	prostate tumors	Diminished RB levels in prostate tumors that had upregulated p16 mRNA were found, although absent RB was also detected in tumors without elevated p16 levels.	10797499	Human
p16	prostate tumors	Exon 2 of p16/p14 is methylated in a majority of prostate tumors compared to the unmethylated upstream 5' region, and may be a potential tumor marker for human prostate cancer.	10797499	Human
p16	prostate tumors	Moreover, prostate tumors injected with Adp16 expressed p16 and the adenoviral vector expressed the transgene for up to 14 days.	10854145	Human
p16	astrocytomas	Prognostic value of the expression of tumor suppressor genes p53, p21, p16 and prb, and Ki-67 labelling in high grade astrocytomas treated with radiotherapy.	10896207	Human
p16	lung tumor	To provide further evidence that hypermethylation is involved in the loss of p16 (Ink4a) gene expression, three mouse lung tumor cell lines (C10, sp6c and CMT64) displaying complete methylation at seven promoter CpG sites and no p16 (Ink4a) expression wer	10964101	Mouse
p16	adrenocortical neoplasms	While the mechanisms of tumorigenesis for adrenocortical neoplasms remain unknown, several genes, such as Gsalpha, ACTH receptor (MC2-R), p53, and p16 tumor suppressor genes, are considered to be candidates for adrenocortical neoplasms.	11075727	Human
p16	hereditary breast and ovarian cancer	At present, the most useful methods of risk assessment are those performed on the following genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 especially for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, hMLH1 and hMSH2 for hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, APC for familial adenom	11205230	Human
p16	transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder	[Expression of bcl-2 and p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder] OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and MTS1/p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and prognosis.	11831985	Human
p16	cystadenomas	Lack of p16 expression was present in 7 of 16 cystadenomas, 4 of 13 LMP tumors, and 22 of 29 carcinomas (P [LMPs versus carcinomas] = 0. 01) and correlated with methylation changes in LMP tumors (P = 0.05). p16 expression was correlated with mucinous diff	9889036	Human
p16	cystadenomas	Changes in DNA methylation may be more important for inactivation of this gene (and perhaps other tumor suppressor genes) in LMP tumors, which lack many of the alternative mechanisms present in carcinomas. p16 expression is primarily related to mucinous d	9889036	Human
p16	uterine tumours	Alteration of p16 and p15 genes in human uterine tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	endometrial tumours	Reduced expression of p16 protein, detected by immunohistochemistry, occurred even more frequently, in nine of 33 (27%) cervical and seven of 37 (19%) endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	pediatric all	These results confirm and extend the authors' previous findings that homozygous deletion of p16 in pediatric ALL patients is an independent prognostic indicator of outcome from therapy.	11154239	Human
p16	mzbcl	DESIGN AND METHODS: Fourteen cases of MZBCL diagnosed according to the REAL classification were studied by conventional chromosome analysis (CCA) and by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the following probes: 3q27/BCL6, 6q21, 7q31	11146573	Human
p16	head and neck tumors	We tested 30 patients with primary head and neck tumors using methylation-specific PCR searching for promoter hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor gene p16 (CDKN2A), the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and the putative me	11221887	Human
p16	mesenchymal neoplasms	BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tumor suppressor gene MTS1/p16 (cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor) and a putative tumor metastasis suppressor gene nm23 (nucleoside diphosphate A kinase) have been identified in a variety of human tumors but have not been well	11223831	Human
p16	minimal residual disease	PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency of p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and to define its value in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and treatment prognostication.	11283136	Human
p16	mrd	PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency of p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and to define its value in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and treatment prognostication.	11283136	Human
p16	apl	CONCLUSION: In APL, p15 but not p16 gene methylation is frequent.	11283136	Human
p16	ptcl	Fifty-seven cases of T-cell lymphomas (TCL) including 5 lymphoblastic (T-LBL) and 52 peripheral TCL (PTCL) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of p53, mdm2, p21, Rb, cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclin B1, and Ki67/MIB1 proteins and 39/52 PTC	11332692	Human
p16	basal cell nevus syndrome	Expression of cyclin D1 and p16 protein was detected in the basal and parabasal cells in lining epithelium of OKCs and was found more frequently in basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS)-associated OKCs than in primary or recurrent OKCs.	11488422	Human
p16	pnet	Given that EWS/FLI1 is only able to transform immortalized 3T3 fibroblasts and that 30% of ES/PNET tumors contain a homozygous deletion of the p16 locus, it is likely that other genetic events are required for EWS/FLI1 oncogenesis.	11709708	Human
p16	mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands	[Detection of proteins and mRNA of p16, p53 and nm23 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands and their prognostic significance] OBJECTIVE: To disclose the relationship between the expression of p16, p53 and nm23 and the significant morphologic char	11758216	Human
p16	parotid tumor	[A qualititative study on p16 mutiple tumor suppressor gene, ras oncogene p21 and DNA content in parotid tumor and its' contiguous acini] OBJECTIVE: To determine the biologic characteristics of tumor's contiguous acini and the relationship of re	11769651	Human
p16	gastric malt lymphoma	We performed a prospective study to evaluate the outcome of patients with low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma and the expression of p16 hypermethylation.	11824795	Human
p16	nsclc	To identify the molecular basis for this p16 immunohistochemical negativity further, we performed a genetic and epigenetic study of p16(INK4a) status in a series of 115 NSCLC samples parallel to the clinicopathologic and prognostic analyses.	11920642	Human
p16	malignant eyelid tumors	Expression of P16 protein and Bcl-2 protein in malignant eyelid tumors.	11930651	Human
p16	malignant eyelid tumors	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between P16 gene (the tumor suppressor gene) and the bcl-2 gene (the apoptosis inhibitor gene) and the incidence and development of malignant eyelid tumors.	11930651	Human
p16	malignant eyelid tumors	METHODS: The streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunohistochemistry method was used to study the expression of P16 gene and the bcl-2 gene in 96 cases of malignant eyelid tumors.	11930651	Human
p16	mucoid carcinoma	The positive rate of p16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma 10.00% (1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma 51.22% (21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma 57.69% (15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma 62.50% (10/16) (P <	11819820	Human
p16	stage i adenocarcinomas of the lung	Aberrant expression of pRb, p16, p14ARF, MDM2, p21 and p53 in stage I adenocarcinomas of the lung.	11940214	Human
p16	minimal residual disease	Loss of heterozygosity of p16 correlates with minimal residual disease at the end of the induction therapy in non-high risk childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	12127556	Human
p16	minimal residual disease	We evaluated the incidence of MTS1/p16 deletions by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in 36 non-high risk B-cell precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) and correlated these results with clinical features and with the presence of mi	12127556	Human
p16	mrd	We evaluated the incidence of MTS1/p16 deletions by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis in 36 non-high risk B-cell precursor childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) and correlated these results with clinical features and with the presence of mi	12127556	Human
p16	mrd	A slower response to the induction treatment (MRD) was associated with LOH of p16 and worse clinical outcome.	12127556	Human
p16	familial cancers	Based on our observations, the spectrum of familial cancers associated with p16 mutations should include a new clinical entity, familial HNSCC.	12352668	Human
p16	cin 3	Expression of p16 was restricted to CIN 2/CIN 3, CIN 1 associated with high-risk human papillomavirus, or cervical cancer. p16 immunostaining allowed precise identification of even small CIN or cervical cancer lesions in biopsy sections and helped to redu	12409715	Human
p16	advanced cancers	Inactivation of both p16 and p14 genes may result in a malignant change in colorectal cancer cells, leading to advanced cancers with a smaller size than those with p16 or p14 activity.	12716465	Human
p16	laryngeal papilloma	[Human papilloma virus infection and expression of p16 protein in laryngeal papilloma and laryngeal carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and inactivation of p16 gene in laryngeal papilloma (LP) and laryngeal	12761910	Human
p16	carcinoid tumors	Carcinoid tumors were frequently methylated at RARbeta, MGMT, p16, COX2, p14, THBS1, and ER ranging from 25 to 63% of tumors.	12584572	Human
p16	carcinoid tumors	Loss of p16 protein expression correlated with methylation of p16 gene in carcinoid tumors (p = 0.006).	12584572	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors of the lung	The P16/cyclin D1/Rb pathway in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.	12612881	Human
p16	apl	In this study, methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to define the methylation status of a panel of nine genes, comprising p15, p16, RARbeta, oestrogen receptor (ER), E-cadherin (E-CAD), p73, caspase 8 (CASP8), VHL and MGMT, in 29	12899712	Human
p16	apl	In APL, p15, p16, ER and RARbeta were most frequently methylated.	12899712	Human
p16	tongue squamous cell carcinoma	[Expression of p15 and p16 proteins in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and their significances] BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Abnormal expression of p15 and p16 were commonly found in many kinds of primary tumors, but the possible correlation between p15 and p16	14613656	Human
p16	ganglioglioma	The present case is unusual in four aspects: (i) it arose from a low-grade ganglioglioma in the absence of previous radiation or chemotherapy, which is the fourth reported case; (ii) the original tumor showed a high proliferative index on flow cytometry b	14629754	Human
p16	skin metastasis	In contrast, all cells of melanoma metastases, except one skin metastasis, lacked nuclear staining for p16.	14576937	Human
p16	mmmt	Three consecutive cases of primary peritoneal MMMT were examined by paraffin immunohistochemistry for expression of p53, p16, BCL2, CerbB2, and classical cadherins E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin.	14675326	Human
p16	mmmt	We conclude that p16 may be a common tumor suppressor gene expressed in peritoneal MMMT.	14675326	Human
p16	common tumor	We conclude that p16 may be a common tumor suppressor gene expressed in peritoneal MMMT.	14675326	Human
p16	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	A pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line (PaCa44), which contains, among other alterations, a methylated p16 promoter, was treated with a chemoterapeutic agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC), in order to evaluate the effect of this drug on cell growth an	14679576	Human
p16	oral tumor	The incidence of hypermethylation in oral tumor and adjacent mucosa for p16 gene was 66.7 and 50%, for DAPK was 68.3 and 60%, and MGMT gene was 51.7 and 26.7%, respectively.	14693237	Human
p16	kidney tumors	Using sensitive methylation-specific PCR, we screened matched tumor DNA and sediment DNA from preoperative urine specimens obtained in 50 patients with kidney tumors, representing all major histological types, for hypermethylation status of a panel of six	14695183	Human
p16	oropharyngeal tumors	P16 expression in the node metastases also correlated with site of tumor origin: 24 of 31 oropharyngeal tumors were p16 positive, whereas only 1 of 37 nonoropharyngeal tumors was p16 positive (77% versus 3%; P < 0.001; Fisher's exact).	14695150	Human
p16	glioblastoma	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this series of 140 consecutive cases of glioblastoma treated at a single center, we analyzed the frequency, age dependency and prognostic effects of TP53 mutation, CDKN2A/p16 deletion, EGFR amplification, as well as loss of chromos	14734474	Human
p16	cin grade 3	Immunohistochemistry revealed that all HSIL and invasive carcinoma cases contained p16-positive cells in the liquid-based Pap smears and diffuse p16 staining was observed in all high-grade lesions with greater than CIN Grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neo	15098254	Human
p16	cervical tumor	RESULTS: Promotor CpG island methylation of DAPK, p16, and MGMT was detectable, respectively, in 60%, 28.2%, and 18.8% of cases of cervical tumor DNA; and in 40%, 10%, and 7.5% of cases of patients' plasma DNA.	15099958	Human
p16	spitz nevus	An analysis of cell-cycle inhibitory proteins including p16, p21, and p27 showed that the majority of Spitz nevus cells expressed high levels of p16, with cells of the cases that had increased copy number of 11p expressing significantly higher levels than	15111324	Human
p16	barrett's esophagus	Selectively advantageous mutations and hitchhikers in neoplasms: p16 lesions are selected in Barrett's esophagus.	15150093	Human
p16	salivary gland tumors	[Expression of p16 and nm23 genes in salivary gland tumors] OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of p16 and nm23 genes in salivary gland tumors and the relation of P16 and nm23 proteins with fumorigenesis of salivary gland tumors.	15190803	Human
p16	salivary gland tumors	METHODS: Expression of P16 and nm23 proteins was examined by SABC immunohistochemical method in 39 cases of paraffin blocks of normal salivary gland tissues and salivary gland tumors.	15190803	Human
p16	colon adenoma	To address changes in the methylation profiles of multiple genes during colorectal carcinogenesis, we investigated the methylation of 12 genes (APC, COX-2, DAP-kinase, E-cadherin, GSTP1, hMLH1, MGMT, p14, p16, RASSF1A, THBS1, and TIMP3) in normal colon (n	15122305	Human
p16	small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix	In this study, 22 cases of primary small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were subjected to broad-spectrum HPV DNA amplification and typing, and immunohistochemically examined for the expression of p16, Rb, and p53 proteins.	15223960	Human
p16	cervical tumors	While similar p16 and Rb expression patterns were observed in these HPV-negative tumors, a different expression pattern for p53 was noted where strong nuclear staining was seen in 8 cases (47%; P = 0.0004 compared with cervical tumors).	15223960	Human
p16	endometrial adenocarcinomas	Re: Distinction of endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinomas: immunohistochemical p16 expression correlated with human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA detection.	15223971	Human
p16	hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome	This article traces the historical aspects of hereditary cancer dealing with identification and ultimate molecular genetic confirmation of commonly occurring cancers, particularly of the colon in the case of familial adenomatous polyposis and its attenuat	15264268	Human
p16	kidney cancer	We examined the tumor and the matched urine and serum DNA for aberrant methylation of nine gene promoters (CDH1, APC, MGMT, RASSF1A, GSTP1, p16, RAR-beta2, and ARF) from 17 patients with primary kidney cancer by quantitative fluorogenic real-time PCR.	15289362	Human
p16	genitourinary cancer	Urine samples from 91 control subjects without evidence of genitourinary cancer revealed no methylation of the MGMT, GSTP1, p16, and ARF genes, whereas methylation of RAR-beta2, RASSF1A, CDH1, APC, and TIMP3 was detected at low levels in a few control sub	15289362	Human
p16	vulvar squamous cell carcinomas	METHODS: A total of 224 vulvar squamous cell carcinomas were immunohistochemically investigated for expression of p16, p21, and p27 using the biotin-streptavidin-peroxidase method and the OptiMax Plus automated cell staining system.	15385108	Human
p16	colorectal carcinomas	This study aimed to identify potential abnormalities of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and p16(INK4a) (p16) expression in resectable colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and to assess the prognostic significance of pRb and p16 levels in patients with CRC.	15492985	Human
p16	eyelid tumors	[A study on the expression of p16 protein and bcl-2 protein in cutaneous eyelid tumors] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between p16 (tumor suppressor) and bcl-2 (apoptosis inhibitor) gene expression and the incidence and development of eyelid m	11853608	Human
p16	skin carcinoma	Monitoring of the expression of p16, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and Cyclin D1 proteins may be valuable for early detection and early treatment and prognostic assessment of skin carcinoma caused by coal-burning.	11860939	Human
p16	hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma	[Effect of p16 gene on carcinogenesis of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between p16 gene expression and the carcinogenesis and progress of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma	12921565	Human
p16	invasive carcinomas	RARbeta, p16, and MGMT genes showed the highest incidences of methylation in premalignant and invasive carcinomas.	15173091	Human
p16	relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Methylation profile was analyzed in nine cases of relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) for p14, p15, p16, Rb, MGMT, APC, hMLH1, RARbeta, RIZ, DAPK, and FHIT genes by using methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) analysis.	15201966	Human
p16	hpv-related carcinomas	Recently, the tumor suppressor protein p16 has been shown to be specifically overexpressed in HPV-related carcinomas and premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix, oral cavity, and anus, but the presence of p16 vulvar squamous lesions has not been examin	15213596	Human
p16	ameloblastic carcinoma	There were 12 ameloblastomas (two peripheral, eight solid, and two unicystic) and three ameloblastic carcinoma studied for loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes on chromosomes 1p, 3p, 9p,10q, and 17p (L-myc, hOGG1, p16, pten, and p53).	15133474	Human
p16	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma	In this study, we sought to determine whether p16 expression is of prognostic importance in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.	15355894	Human
p16	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: In patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, overexpression of p16 as determined by immunohistochemistry is associated with significantly improved prognosis and lower local recurrence rates.	15355894	Human
p16	large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas	Loss of Rb and p16 expression, respectively, was observed in no and 14% typical carcinoids, no and 40% atypical carcinoids, 49 and 18% large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, 84 and 8% small-cell carcinomas.	15154011	Human
p16	carcinoid tumors	Rb pathway aberration was mostly attributed to Rb loss in small-cell carcinomas, while p16 loss and/or cyclin D1 overexpression besides Rb loss also played an important role in large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, while cyclin D1 overexpression was the o	15154011	Human
p16	large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas	Rb pathway aberration was mostly attributed to Rb loss in small-cell carcinomas, while p16 loss and/or cyclin D1 overexpression besides Rb loss also played an important role in large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, while cyclin D1 overexpression was the o	15154011	Human
p16	malignant germ cell tumours of the ovary	To clarify the mechanisms underlying cell cycle promotion in malignant germ cell tumours of the ovary (MGCTOs), beta-catenin and components of the pRB pathway, cyclin D1 and p16, were analysed in relation to cell proliferation.	15476271	Human
p16	esophageal adenocarcinoma	The size of a clone with a p16 lesion is not a significant predictor of esophageal adenocarcinoma when we controlled for p53 loss of heterozygosity status.	15492292	Human
p16	hydatidiform moles	We investigated the methylation status of the promoter regions of six genes, p16, HIC-1, TIMP3, GSTP1, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK), and E-cadherin in 54 hydatidiform moles, five choriocarcinomas, and 10 first trimester placenta by methylation-s	15507671	Human
p16	choriocarcinomas	We investigated the methylation status of the promoter regions of six genes, p16, HIC-1, TIMP3, GSTP1, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK), and E-cadherin in 54 hydatidiform moles, five choriocarcinomas, and 10 first trimester placenta by methylation-s	15507671	Human
p16	choriocarcinoma	Among the six genes examined, the promoter region of four genes (E-cadherin, HIC-1, p16, TIMP3) in choriocarcinoma and three genes (E-cadherin, HIC-1, p16) in hydatidiform mole exhibited aberrant methylation whereas none was hypermethylated in normal plac	15507671	Human
p16	gestational trophoblastic neoplasia	Hypermethylation of multiple genes, especially p16, might be related to the subsequent development of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.	15507671	Human
p16	nodular melanomas	Altered expression of cell cycle regulators Cyclin D1, p14, p16, CDK4 and Rb in nodular melanomas.	15547691	Human
p16	smooth muscle tumors	Expression of p16 protein in patients with uterine smooth muscle tumors: an immunohistochemical analysis.	15589581	Human
p16	smooth muscle tumor	In the present study, we compared the expression of p16 protein in cases with leiomyoma, uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), and leiomyosarcoma (LMS).	15589581	Human
p16	leiomyoma	In the present study, we compared the expression of p16 protein in cases with leiomyoma, uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), and leiomyosarcoma (LMS).	15589581	Human
p16	leiomyoma	METHODS: P16 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry from paraffin-embedded tissue in 26 patients with leiomyoma, in 24 patients with STUMP, and in 21 patients with LMS.	15589581	Human
p16	leiomyoma	A statistically significant difference regarding the frequency of p16 protein expression was observed between LMS and STUMP (P < 0.05) as well as between LMS and leiomyoma (P < 0.05), but not between STUMP and leiomyoma (P > 0.05).	15589581	Human
p16	leiomyoma	CONCLUSIONS: We found that p16 was more frequently and more strongly expressed in LMS compared to STUMP and leiomyoma.	15589581	Human
p16	smooth muscle tumors	Furthermore, p16 might be a useful immunohistochemical marker, which could help to distinguish cases of smooth muscle tumors in which histologic features are ambiguous or borderline, but the use of p16 in a diagnostic setting should await further clinical	15589581	Human
p16	uterine cervical cancer	METHODS: We analyzed CpG island hypermethylation in 15 genes (APC, CDH1, COX2, DAPK, FHIT, GSTP1, HLTF1, hMLH1, MGMT, p14, p16, RASSF1A, RUNX3, THBS1, and TIMP3) and its association with the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C an	15589597	Human
p16	digestive tract tumor	CONCLUSION: The role of DNA methylation in the silence of p16/INK4 may different between these two types of upper digestive tract tumor.	15612883	Human
p16	vin 3	Ninety-five percent of VIN 3 and basaloid or warty SCCs (76/80) and 4% of keratinizing SCC (2/48) were moderately to strongly immunopositive for p16, which localized to nucleus and cytoplasm; 52/58 analyzed (90%) contained HPV 16 transcripts.	15619206	Human
p16	vin 3	The positive predictive value (PPV) of moderate to strong diffuse p16 immunostaining and HPV positivity for the diagnosis of VIN 3 and of basaloid or warty SCC was 97% and 95%, respectively.	15619206	Human
p16	vulvar carcinomas	These disparate patterns of p16 expression underscore 2 different mechanisms for p16 expression in HPV-related and HPV-unrelated vulvar carcinomas.	15619206	Human
p16	papillary neoplasm	Frequent p16ink4a inactivation is an early and frequent event of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver arising in hepatolithiasis.	15619210	Human
p16	oropharyngeal tumors	Loss of P16 protein was less common in oropharyngeal tumors than at other HNSCC locations (P = 0.02).	15623629	Human
p16	high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
p16	invasive cervical cancers	Flow cytometry on primary CVX and NCK and immunohistochemical staining of formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from which primary CVX cultures were derived as well as from a separate set of invasive cervical cancers confirmed differential expr	15629771	Human
p16	gallbladder adenoma	METHODS: Forty-one gallbladder carcinoma, 7 gallbladder adenoma and 14 chronic cholecystitis specimens were immunohistochemically and histopathologically investigated for the relation of cyclin D1, p16 and Rb with Nevin staging and pathologic grading.	15655836	Human
p16	squamous papillomas	Metachronous squamous cell carcinomas evolving from independent oropharyngeal and pulmonary squamous papillomas: Association with human papillomavirus 11 and lack of aberrant p53, Rb, and p16 protein expression.	15668901	Human
p16	gastrointestinal stromal tumors	Loss of p16 Protein Defines High-Risk Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Tissue Microarray Study.	15701851	Human
p16	epithelioma	Cervical adenoid basal tumors comprised of adenoid basal epithelioma associated with various types of invasive carcinoma: Clinicopathologic features, human papillomavirus DNA detection, and P16 expression.	15712186	Human
p16	liposarcomas	In this study, the methylation status of RASSF1A, p16, MLH1, MSH2 and ERalpha was investigated in 84 primary soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), including 22 liposarcomas, 18 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs), 18 leiomyosarcomas, 6 rhabdomyosarcomas, 6 neur	15551306	Human
p16	soft-tissue sarcomas (stss)	In this study, the methylation status of RASSF1A, p16, MLH1, MSH2 and ERalpha was investigated in 84 primary soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), including 22 liposarcomas, 18 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs), 18 leiomyosarcomas, 6 rhabdomyosarcomas, 6 neur	15551306	Human
p16	fibroadenoma	Conversely, protein p16 expression, although heterogeneously distributed within the section, is considerably higher in breast carcinoma as compared to fibroadenoma in both tumoral and non-tumoral epithelia and stroma.	15578730	Human
p16	fibroadenoma	Furthermore, in a subset of fibroadenoma with higher proliferative activity, p16 protein expression was substantially decreased as compared to those showing lower proliferation.	15578730	Human
p16	papillary tumors	Low-grade superficial papillary tumors induced by activated H-ras had no detectable Rb family proteins (Rb, p107, and p130) and late cell cycle cyclins and kinases (cyclin A, E, and CDK1), but had increased level of p16, p53, and MDM2.	15734997	Human
p16	bronchioloalveolar carcinomas	Role of cdk4, p16INK4, and Rb expression in the prognosis of bronchioloalveolar carcinomas.	15753637	Human
p16	juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia	Methylation status of the p15 and p16 genes in paediatric myelodysplastic syndrome and juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia.	15755284	Human
p16	juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia	This is the first report to investigate the methylation status of p15 and p16, cell cycle regulatory genes, in children with MDS (n = 9) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML; n = 18) by using a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.	15755284	Human
p16	jmml	This is the first report to investigate the methylation status of p15 and p16, cell cycle regulatory genes, in children with MDS (n = 9) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML; n = 18) by using a methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.	15755284	Human
p16	jmml	Aberrant methylation of p16 was not detected in children with either MDS or JMML.	15755284	Human
p16	jmml	Since p15 and p16 genes were unmethylated in two children with JMML, in whom the disease had progressed with an increased number of blasts, a condition referred to as blastic crisis, we infer that the aberrant methylation of these genes is not responsible	15755284	Human
p16	myelofibrosis	We analyzed the promoter methylation status of eight tumor-associated genes (p14 ARF, p15 INK4B, p16 INK4A, Rb, hMLH1, hMSH2, APC, and DAPK) in 30 patients with myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) by methylation specific PCR.	15755503	Human
p16	mucoid carcinoma	The positive rate of P16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma (10%, 1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (51%, 21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma (58%, 15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma (62%, 10/16) (P<0.05).	15818729	Human
p16	undifferentiated carcinoma	The positive rate of P16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma (10%, 1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (51%, 21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma (58%, 15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma (62%, 10/16) (P<0.05).	15818729	Human
p16	signet-ring-cell carcinoma	The positive rate of P16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma (10%, 1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (51%, 21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma (58%, 15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma (62%, 10/16) (P<0.05).	15818729	Human
p16	endocrine tumours	AIMS: p16 and p27, the inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, have been reportedly decreased in certain human tumours, including a few endocrine tumours.	15841692	Human
p16	glucagonoma	Insulinomas, glucagonoma, PP-omas and non-functioning tumours were weakly stained for cdk6 and p16.	15841692	Human
p16	endocrine tumours	This decreased cdk6 and p16 in pancreatic endocrine neoplasms may be a part of the cell cycle event in tumour transformation and progression, and the same process may involve other endocrine tumours.	15841692	Human
p16	leukoplakia	METHODS: 20 patients of leukoplakia with hyperplasia, 11 patients of leukoplakia with mild dysplasia, 10 patients of leukoplakia with moderate dysplasia, 9 patients of leukoplakia with severe dysplasia, 10 patients with OSCC in low grade, 12 patients with	15842853	Human
p16	leukoplakia	RESULTS: Rates of p16 methylation were 0 for normal individuals, 5% for patients of leukoplakia with hyperplasia, 18% for patients of leukoplakia with mild dysplasia, 10% for patients of leukoplakia with moderate dysplasia, 22% for patients of leukoplakia	15842853	Human
p16	leukoplakia	CONCLUSIONS: It was first reported that p16 methylation occurred in every stage of leukoplakia cancerization and OSCC progression. p16 can be one of the important molecular biological markers for leukoplakia cancerization and OSCC progression. p16 methyla	15842853	Human
p16	peritoneal malignant mesothelioma	P16 loss and mitotic activity predict poor survival in patients with peritoneal malignant mesothelioma.	15867227	Human
p16	peritoneal malignant mesothelioma	CONCLUSIONS: Biphasic histology, increased mitotic rate, and p16 loss were independently associated with poorer survival in peritoneal malignant mesothelioma.	15867227	Human
p16	melanoma	BRAF mutation and p16 inactivation accompanied MITF amplification in melanoma cell lines.	16001072	Human
p16	malignant thyroid tumors	Design: Quantitative hypermethylation of Rassf1A, TSHR, RAR-beta2, DAPK, S100, p16, CDH1, CALCA, TIMP3, TGF-beta, and GSTpi was tested on a cohort of 82 benign and malignant thyroid tumors and five thyroid cancer cell lines.	15840741	Human
p16	ovarian adenocarcinoma	We have evaluated the use of Ad5/3-Delta24, a serotype 3 receptor targeted Rb/p16 pathway selective CRAd, in combination with gemcitabine against human ovarian adenocarcinoma.	15800658	Human
p16	cystadenomas	The mean methylation index was highest in invasive tumors [0.20 versus 0.065 (LMP) and 0.033 (cystadenomas); P = 0.001].	16061849	Human
p16	invasive carcinomas	LMP tumors also showed p16 (22%) and E-cadherin (17%) methylation, in addition to RARbeta (9%) and H-cadherin (4%).	16061849	Human
p16	cystadenomas	LMP tumors also showed p16 (22%) and E-cadherin (17%) methylation, in addition to RARbeta (9%) and H-cadherin (4%).	16061849	Human
p16	cystadenomas	All eight genes were hypermethylated in invasive cancers at a frequency of 9% to 30%.	16061849	Human
p16	de novo myelodysplastic syndromes	Absence of p16 and p27 gene rearrangements and mutations in de novo myelodysplastic syndromes.	16104874	Human
p16	genitourinary cancer	Urine samples from the 91 controls without evidence of genitourinary cancer revealed no methylation of the p16, ARF, MGMT, and GSTP1 gene promoters, whereas methylation of RARbeta2, TIMP3, CDH1, Rassf1A, and APC was detected at low levels.	16170165	Human
p16ink4	esophageal cancer	[Analysis of the p16INK4, p15INK4B genes abnormality and the amplification of cyclin D1 gene in esophageal cancer] To evaluate the prognostic significance of gene amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in the patients of esophageal squamous cancer,	8920671	Human
p16ink4	testicular germ cell tumors	Frequent p16INK4 (MTS1) gene inactivation in testicular germ cell tumors.	9284835	Human
p16ink4	bone tumors	These data support the hypothesis that TP53 alterations may play a role in the development of pediatric bone tumors and that the primary mechanism of inactivation of p16INK4 seems to be homozygous deletion rather than point mutation.	9309118	Human
p16ink4	bone tumours	[Analysis of the involvement of the tumour suppressor genes TP53, p16INK4, p21WAF1, RB1 and the drugs metabolizing enzymes in the development of bone tumours in children] BACKGROUND: Several tumor suppressor genes such as p16INK4, TP53, RB1 y p21WAF1 are	12886318	Human
p16ink4	adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix	The prognostic impact of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21WAF1, p27Kip1, and p16INK4/MTS1 in adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix: an immunohistochemical evaluation of expression patterns in population-based material from 142 patients with internati	14584070	Human
p16ink4	bronchioloalveolar carcinomas	Role of cdk4, p16INK4, and Rb expression in the prognosis of bronchioloalveolar carcinomas.	15753637	Human
p16ink4a	hairy-cell leukemia (hcl)	We analyzed p16INK4A and p15INK4B genes in 178 cases of primary leukemias including 81 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), seven of hairy cell leukemia (HCL), seven of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), 43 of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 27	7795238	Human
p16ink4a	skin tumors	Deletion and altered regulation of p16INK4a and p15INK4b in undifferentiated mouse skin tumors. p16INK4a and p15INK4b are cell cycle regulators that specifically bind to and inhibit the cyclin D-dependent kinases, cdk4 and cdk6.	7585567	Mouse
p16ink4a	papillary tumors	Fine mapping at 9p21 demonstrated that CIS also displayed a high frequency of homozygous deletion surrounding the p16INK4A locus, like superficial papillary tumors, the other form of noninvasive lesion found in the bladder.	7585577	Human
p16ink4a	tumor syndrome	Familial tumor syndrome associated with a germline nonfunctional p16INK4a allele.	8841025	Human
p16ink4a	benign epithelial tumours	Paraffin sections from 190 epithelial ovarian tumours, including 159 malignant and 31 benign epithelial tumours, were analysed immunohistochemically for expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A) gene product p16INK4A (p16).	9036870	Human
p16ink4a	hematological malignancies	Distinct patterns of inactivation of p15INK4B and p16INK4A characterize the major types of hematological malignancies.	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	hematological malignancies	We have analyzed both modes of inactivation of p15INK4B and p16INK4A in the major types of adult and pediatric hematological malignancies.	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	adult acute myelogenous leukemia	Hypermethylation of p15INK4B, without alteration of p16INK4A, was an almost universal finding in adult acute myelogenous leukemia, and occurred very frequently in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia and pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocy	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia	Hypermethylation of p15INK4B, without alteration of p16INK4A, was an almost universal finding in adult acute myelogenous leukemia, and occurred very frequently in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia and pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocy	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	adult acute lymphocytic leukemia	Hypermethylation of p15INK4B, without alteration of p16INK4A, was an almost universal finding in adult acute myelogenous leukemia, and occurred very frequently in adult acute lymphocytic leukemia and pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphocy	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	non-hodgkin's lymphoma	Hypermethylation of p16INK4A, often without alterations of p15INK4B, was found in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and was much more frequent in cases with high-grade than low-grade histology.	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	hematological malignancies	Remarkably distinct patterns of inactivation of p15INK4B and p16INK4A characterize different types of hematological malignancy, and alterations in these tumor suppressor genes are one of the most common alterations in hematological malignancies.	9041182	Human
p16ink4a	thymomas	To investigate the expression of p16INK4A, RB, p53 and cyclin D1 in thymomas, we first examined 36 thymomas (non-invasive type, 16 cases; invasive type, 20 cases) and 3 thymic carcinomas, using immunohistochemistry.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	thymic carcinomas	To investigate the expression of p16INK4A, RB, p53 and cyclin D1 in thymomas, we first examined 36 thymomas (non-invasive type, 16 cases; invasive type, 20 cases) and 3 thymic carcinomas, using immunohistochemistry.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	invasive thymomas	Only a subgroup of invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas showed an inverse correlation between p16INK4A and RB expression.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	thymic carcinomas	Only a subgroup of invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas showed an inverse correlation between p16INK4A and RB expression.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	thymic carcinoma	However, inactivation of p16INK4A and RB may play a role in the progression of thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	mouse lymphomas	The p16INK4a (alpha and beta form) and p15INK4b genes were analysed for homozygous deletion, hypermethylation and point mutation in B6C3F1 mouse lymphomas induced by 2',3'-dideoxycytidine or 1,3-butadiene.	9488045	Human
p16ink4a	plasmacytoma	Cdkn2a, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor encoding p16INK4a and p19ARF, is a candidate for the plasmacytoma susceptibility locus, Pctr1.	9482902	Mouse
p16ink4a	mesenchymal tumours	This study investigates p16INK4A gene status and expression in mesenchymal tumours, in particular soft tissue sarcomas (STSs).	9582521	Human
p16ink4a	histiocytic lymphoma	Human histiocytic lymphoma U937 cells were treated with onconase and expression of cyclins D3 and E, as well as of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) p16INK4A, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1 (all detected immunocytochemically) was measured by multipa	9697879	Human
p16ink4a	sporadic colon cancer	Recent evidence shows that transcriptional silencing as a consequence of hypermethylation of CpG islands is the predominant mechanism of p16INK4a gene inactivation in sporadic colon cancer.	9731506	Human
p16ink4a	thyroid neoplasms	METHODS: The authors examined 20 thyroid neoplasms (12 papillary carcinomas and 8 follicular adenomas) and 4 human thyroid carcinoma cell lines for gene mutations and epigenetic modifications of the p15INK4b and p16INK4a genes by Southern blot analysis, s	9827724	Human
p16ink4a	undifferentiated carcinoma	Undifferentiated carcinoma (FRO) cells had a nonsense point mutation at codon 72 (CGA-TGA, Arg-Stop) of p16, whereas the poorly differentiated papillary carcinoma (NPA) line harbored a point mutation at the exon 1-intron 1 boundary that altered the donor	9827724	Human
p16ink4a	oral squamous-cell carcinoma	Hence, it was possible to restore a functional pRB pathway in an oral squamous cell carcinoma line by inducing re-expression of endogenous p16ink4a in response to treatment with a demethylating agent.	10030668	Human
p16ink4a	carcinoma of the anterior tongue	Cyclin D1 and p16INK4A expression predict reduced survival in carcinoma of the anterior tongue.	10537346	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue	Thus, we sought to determine the relationship between cyclin D1 and/or p16INK4A expression and disease outcome in squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue.	10537346	Human
p16ink4a	tongue cancers	Immunohistochemical detection of nuclear proteins cyclin D1, p53, and p16INK4A, and the Ki-67 labeling index was undertaken in tissue sections from 148 tongue cancers treated by surgical resection.	10537346	Human
p16ink4a	tongue cancer	Multivariate analysis confirmed that in addition to pathological stage and regional lymph node status, cyclin D1 overexpression and loss of p16INK4A expression are independent predictors of death from tongue cancer.	10537346	Human
p16ink4a	anaplastic ependymomas	P16INK4a mRNA was found in all pilocytic astrocytomas (7/7), in all grade II and III astrocytomas (7/7 and 4/4, respectively), in 4/12 glioblastomas, 8/8 oligodendrogliomas, 10/11 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, 4/7 ependymomas and 3/3 anaplastic ependymom	10564531	Human
p16ink4a	acute adult t-cell lymphoma leukemia	Deletion of the p16INK4A gene in ex vivo acute adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia cells and methylation of the p16INK4A promoter in HTLV type I-infected T cell lines.	10826477	Human
p16ink4a	primary breast cancer	INK4a gene expression and methylation in primary breast cancer: overexpression of p16INK4a messenger RNA is a marker of poor prognosis.	10914724	Human
p16ink4a	adenoid-cystic carcinomas (acc)	In this study, the expressions of Rb, p16INK4A, and cyclin D1 alternations were analyzed by immunohistochemical assay in 5 specimens of normal salivary glands and twenty-two cases of adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC).	10928172	Human
p16ink4a	aggressive non-hodgkin's lymphoma	Concurrent disruption of p16INK4a and the ARF-p53 pathway predicts poor prognosis in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.	11021747	Human
p16ink4a	gastrinoma	The presence or absence of methylation of the p16INK4a gene did not correlate with clinical characteristics of the gastrinoma, biological behavior (gastrin release and basal or maximal acid output), the presence or absence of known prognostic factors (tum	11095446	Human
p16ink4a	gastrinoma	Furthermore, because it is independent of disease stage it is probably an early event in the pathogenesis and because it is independent of the primary gastrinoma location, which is now thought to have different origins, methylation of the p16INK4a gene is	11095446	Human
p16ink4a	glomus tumor	p53 and p16INK4A mutations during the progression of glomus tumor.	10079377	Human
p16ink4a	glomus tumors	In spite of this possibility, the missense point mutations in conserved region of p53 and p16INK4A genes may indicate the role of p53 and p16INK4A in tumor progression of glomus tumors.	10079377	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal cancer	Cumulation of TP53 mutations and p16INK4A/p15INK4B homozygous deletions in human papilloma virus type 16 positive scrotal cancer.	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal carcinoma	Here, the mutation pattern of TP53, p16INK4A, and p15INK4B genes and the homo/hemizygous deletion patterns of p16INK4A/p15INK4B genes are presented in four scrotal carcinoma cases.	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal carcinoma	Homozygous deletion in p16INK4A/p15INK4B genes and a codon 259 missense point mutation (GAC-->TAC; Asp-->Tyr) in the TP53 gene were observed in one human papilloma positive scrotal carcinoma case.	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal carcinoma	The homozygous deletion in p16INK4A/p15INK4B genes was observed in another human papilloma positive scrotal carcinoma case.	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal carcinoma	The cumulation of TP53 mutations and p16INK4A/p15INK4B homozygous deletions in human papilloma virus type 16 positive scrotal carcinoma cases indicate that the alterations of TP53, p16INK4A, and p15INK4B genes have an important role in the progression of	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal cancers	The cumulation of TP53 mutations and p16INK4A/p15INK4B homozygous deletions in human papilloma virus type 16 positive scrotal carcinoma cases indicate that the alterations of TP53, p16INK4A, and p15INK4B genes have an important role in the progression of	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	scrotal cancer	The molecular alteration of TP53, p16INK4A, and p15INK4B genes may be useful as a prognostic marker in scrotal cancer.	10087941	Human
p16ink4a	plasma cell tumors	The role of p16INK4a (Cdkn2a) in mouse plasma cell tumors.	10396076	Mouse
p16ink4a	adrenocortical tumors	Inactivation of the p16 tumor suppressor gene (p16INK4A), which encodes the cell cycle protein p16, was investigated in a series of 14 adrenocortical tumors.	10443678	Human
p16ink4a	seminoma	Existence of the P16INK4A mutation and the hereditary TP53 mutation with or without loss of heterozygosity in the TP53 gene (seminoma/medulloblastoma) may be evidence for a common mechanism involved in tumorogenesis.	10484981	Human
p16ink4a	primary mediastinal b-cell lymphoma	Molecular features of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma: involvement of p16INK4A, p53 and c-myc.	10520030	Human
p16ink4a	aggressive lymphomas	Based on reports that p16INK4A gene, located on this chromosomal arm, is frequently altered in aggressive lymphomas, we analysed for alterations of this gene in 27 cases of PMBL, which were part of a series of 32 PMBL cases that have been characterized fo	10520030	Human
p16ink4a	plasma cell dyscrasia	Hypermethylation of p16INK4A gene promoter during the progression of plasma cell dyscrasia.	11243384	Human
p16ink4a	extramedullary plasmacytoma	Many patients whose BM-MNC showed dense methylation of the p16INK4A gene had extramedullary plasmacytoma (extra-PC), and all available extra-PC samples showed alterations of the p16INK4A gene (4; dense methylation, 1; homozygous deletion).	11243384	Human
p16ink4a	liver tumors	p16INK4a and beta-catenin alterations in rat liver tumors induced by NNK.	11238187	Rat
p16ink4a	high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia	Overexpression of the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4A in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia predicts early relapse in prostate cancer patients.	11297246	Human
p16ink4a	anaplasia	In one tumor containing distinct areas with and without anaplasia, p14ARF hypermethylation was detected in the WHO grade II area, while homozygous co-deletion of p14ARF and p16INK4a was found in the region with anaplastic features (grade III).	11307615	Human
p16ink4a	metastatic melanoma	Loss of p16Ink4a confers susceptibility to metastatic melanoma in mice.	11544530	Mouse
p16ink4a	hyperplasia	Mice lacking p16Ink4a were born with the expected mendelian distribution and exhibited normal development except for thymic hyperplasia.	11544531	Mouse
p16ink4a	smzl	The mean proliferative index (MIB1 staining) in initial SMZL specimens of cases with LBCL transformation was 28.6%, higher than that of MIB1 staining in the overall SMZL series (21.8%), although not statistically significantly so. p53 or p16INK4a inactiva	11688461	Human
p16ink4a	smzl	It seems that progression in SMZL is mainly independent of p53 or p16INK4a inactivation.	11688461	Human
p16ink4a	colorectal adenocarcinomas	The invasion front of human colorectal adenocarcinomas shows co-localization of nuclear beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and p16INK4A and is a region of low proliferation.	11696421	Human
p16ink4a	colorectal adenocarcinomas	However, invasion front of well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinomas are known to be zones of low proliferation and express the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4A.	11696421	Human
p16ink4a	colorectal adenocarcinomas	Therefore, we investigated the expression profiles of nuclear beta-catenin, cyclin D1, p16INK4A, and the Ki-67 antigen, a marker for proliferation, in serial sections of well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinomas.	11696421	Human
p16ink4a	primary-effusion lymphoma	p16INK4a loss and sensitivity in KSHV associated primary effusion lymphoma.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	primary-effusion lymphoma (pel)	To address this we investigated whether KSHV associated primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) derived cell lines are resistant to growth inhibition by p16INK4a.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	pel	Importantly, endogenous p16INK4a expression is not detected in six PEL derived cell lines and four primary PEL samples and examination of the p16INK4a locus shows deletion in two out of six and hypermethylation in four out of six PEL lines.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	pel	Taken together these results suggest that p16INK4a loss may be a cellular change frequently associated with PEL.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	vin	Co-incident methylation, accompanied by loss of expression, of sigma and p16INK4a was commonly detected in both SCC and VIN III, suggesting that epigenetic silencing of these two genes is an early and important event in vulval neoplasia.	11896620	Human
p16ink4a	b-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	We examined deletion and methylation of the p15INK4B (p15) and p16INK4A (p16) genes, using Southern blotting and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in 70 untreated adult patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (PBC-	12028019	Human
p16ink4a	pediatric tumor	Re-expression of hSNF5/INI1/BAF47 in pediatric tumor cells leads to G1 arrest associated with induction of p16ink4a and activation of RB.	12149641	Human
p16ink4a	large-cell lymphoma	We investigated the response of SUDHL-1 and L428 cells, derived from t(2;5)-anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD), respectively, to recombinant adenoviruses expressing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) p27Kip1 (Adp	12153002	Human
p16ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	After characterization of the xeroderma pigmentosum C complementation group, we found unexpectedly that this patient also carried a germline mutation of the INK4a-ARF locus affecting the p16INK4A reading frame.	12485439	Human
p16ink4a	mucinous cystadenocarcinomas	METHODOLOGY: Seven serous cystadenomas (SCA) and seven malignant mucinous cystadenocarcinomas (MCC) were analyzed for alterations in the tumor suppressor genes p16INK4a, p53, and DPC4 by single-strand conformational variant analysis, direct sequencing, an	12499916	Human
p16ink4a	serous cystadenomas	METHODOLOGY: Seven serous cystadenomas (SCA) and seven malignant mucinous cystadenocarcinomas (MCC) were analyzed for alterations in the tumor suppressor genes p16INK4a, p53, and DPC4 by single-strand conformational variant analysis, direct sequencing, an	12499916	Human
p16ink4a	low-grade tumors	Some differences may be established regarding the methylation profiles of specific genes and tumor types: MGMT, THBS1, TIMP-3, and p16INK4A appear hypermethylated in low-grade tumors (at least in 45% of cases), whereas GSTP1, DAPK, and p14ARF are mostly c	12579314	Human
p16ink4a	gastric tubular adenomas	Loss of p27kip1 and p16Ink4a (p16) expression, another CDI, has been reported during the progression of gastric tubular adenomas to advanced gastric cancer.	12603618	Human
p16ink4a	cin 3	The control HSIL case with a CIN 3 biopsy was diffusely positive for P16INK4A, and the control negative case with biopsy diagnosis of squamous metaplasia was negative.	12630076	Human
p16ink4a	meningiomas	Immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4a, p14ARF, p18INK4c, p21CIP1, p27KIP1 and p73 expression in 271 meningiomas correlation with tumor grade and clinical outcome.	12640680	Human
p16ink4a	meningiomas	We investigated the prognostic significance of p16INK4a, p14ARF, p18INK4c, p21CIP1, p27KIP1 and p73 expression by immunohistochemical analysis of 271 meningiomas.	12640680	Human
p16ink4a	intestinal-type adenocarcinoma	TP53, p14ARF, p16INK4a and H-ras gene molecular analysis in intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.	12673679	Human
p16ink4a	salivary-gland carcinomas	Alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a genes in salivary gland carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p16ink4a	adenoid-cystic carcinomas	A total of 5 (14%) SGCs demonstrated homozygous deletion (1 case) or methylation (4 cases) of p16INK4a, all but one being adenoid cystic carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p16ink4a	neurofibromatosis 1	We found that loss of p16INK4A coincided with transformation of neurofibromas to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis 1 patients.	12812137	Human
p16ink4a	plexiform neurofibroma	We have determined the methylation status of the CpG island of 11 tumour-related genes (RB1, p14ARF, p16INK4a, p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase 8, TP53 and GSTP1) in 18 neurofibromas (including one plexiform neurofibroma) and three neurofibrosarcom	12883734	Human
p16ink4a	familial cancers	They are "classical" tumor suppressor genes with associated familial cancers (BRCA1, hMLH1, p16INK4a, VHL, etc.) and putative new tumor suppressor genes which loss may contribute to the transformed phenotype (MGMT, p14ARF, GSTP1, RARB2, etc.).	12908548	Human
p16ink4a	neurofibroma	Identification of a splice acceptor site mutation in p16INK4A/p14ARF within a breast cancer, melanoma, neurofibroma prone kindred.	12920094	Human
p16ink4a	penile carcinoma	Evidence for at least three alternative mechanisms targeting the p16INK4A/cyclin D/Rb pathway in penile carcinoma, one of which is mediated by high-risk human papillomavirus.	12950023	Human
p16ink4a	pediatric solid tumors	Aberrations of p16INK4A, p14ARF and p15INK4B genes in pediatric solid tumors.	12963998	Human
p16ink4a	glandular neoplasms	Approximately 80% of glandular neoplasms showed overexpression of p16INK4a.	14501820	Human
p16ink4a	neurofibromatosis	p15INK4b, p14ARF, and p16INK4a inactivation in sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-related malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.	14519636	Human
p16ink4a	leiomyosarcoma	Mechanisms of inactivation of the p16INK4a gene in leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue: decreased p16 expression correlates with promoter methylation and poor prognosis.	14595762	Human
p16ink4a	adenocarcinoma in situ	The presence of high-risk HPV combined with specific p53 and p16INK4a expression patterns points to high-risk HPV as the main causative agent for adenocarcinoma in situ and adenocarcinoma of the cervix.	14648656	Human
p16ink4a	brain metastases	Thus, in addition to these two genes, we determined the methylation status of the genes p16INK4a, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), p14ARF, TP53, p73, and tissue inhibitor of met	14654977	Human
p16ink4a	brain metastases	Our data suggest an important role for gene methylation in the development of brain metastases, primarily involving epigenetic silencing of DAP-kinase, THBS1 and the cell-cycle regulators RB1/p16INK4a.	14654977	Human
p16ink4a	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas	Mutations of the cell cycle regulatory genes p16INK4A and p21WAF1 and the metastasis-inducing gene S100A4 are infrequent and unrelated to p53 tumour suppressor gene status and data on survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.	14981901	Human
p16ink4a	b16 melanoma	In the spontaneous B16 melanoma cell lines, expression of p16Ink4a and p19Arf tumor suppressor proteins was lost as a consequence of a large deletion spanning Ink4a/Arf exons 1alpha, 1beta, and 2.	14743208	Human
p16ink4a	clear cell sarcoma	Alterations of the p16INK4a/p14ARF pathway in clear cell sarcoma.	15298727	Human
p16ink4a	melanocytic neoplasm	Alterations in the p16INK4a/p14ARF gene are common in malignant melanoma, which is the prototypical melanocytic neoplasm.	15298727	Human
p16ink4a	barrett's adenocarcinoma	To study the contribution of each pathway to the carcinogenesis of Barrett's adenocarcinoma, we analysed the alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of this disease.	15185075	Human
p16ink4a	barrett's adenocarcinomas	RESULTS: We detected 9p21 LOH, p16INK4a methylation and p16INK4a mutations in Barrett's adenocarcinomas in 5 of 15 (33%), 8 of 15 (53%) and 1 of 15 (7%) patients, respectively.	15185075	Human
p16ink4a	mfh	The growth inhibition rate was the greatest for lung adenocarcinoma cells, lacking p16INK4a expression associated with methylation-mediated gene silencing; 83% at a concentration of 300 nM for 72-h treatment; while the growth of osteosarcoma and MFH cells	15069542	Human
p16ink4a	cin 3	When the time interval for disease progression from initial biopsy to CIN 3 or invasive cancer was compared with states of p16INK4A expression, cases stained positive for p16INK4A progressed within 64.2 months as compared with 122.3 months among those sta	15073118	Human
p16ink4a	colorectal tumours	Furthermore, p16INK4a promoter hypermethylation leading to gene silencing has been shown to occur in advanced colorectal tumours and has been associated with patient survival. p16INK4a is polymorphic, with variant alleles being associated with tumour prog	15492837	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	Retinoblastoma protein function and p16INK4a expression in actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and links between p16INK4a expression and infiltrative behavior. p16INK4a is involved in many im	15257310	Human
p16ink4a	papillary neoplasm	Frequent p16ink4a inactivation is an early and frequent event of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver arising in hepatolithiasis.	15619210	Human
p16ink4a	cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions	Immunohistochemical Expression of p16INK4a and bcl-2 According to HPV Type and to the Progression of Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.	15805425	Human
p16ink4a	seminoma	Human male germ-cell tumors of seminoma type display aberrant expression of INK4-family inhibitors of the cell cycle including CDKN2-encoded p16INK4A.	15734211	Human
p16ink4a	seminoma	To assess whether the aberrant p16INK4A expression could be related to the alterations in CDKN2 regulatory sequence, we screened seminoma DNAs from 19 patients for the promoter mutations.	15734211	Human
p16ink4a	seminoma	These data suggest that in addition to previously characterized anomalies, the identified CDKN2 promoter mutation may be relevant for altered p16INK4A protein expressions in at least some seminoma.	15734211	Human
p16ink4a	aggressive nk-cell leukemia	We found methylation of the first exon of the p16INK4A gene in two cases (one aggressive, one blastic), and methylation of the p14ARF gene in one aggressive NK cell leukemia.	15813917	Human
p16ink4a	aggressive nk-cell leukemia	It has been reported that tumor suppressor genes are inactivated by DNA methylation of the promoter region and/or first exon of the genes in a variety of human cancers.	15813917	Human
p16ink4a	phyllodes tumor	We studied cell cycle-regulating proteins in phyllodes tumor pathogenesis by immunohistochemical analysis for Ki-67, cyclin A, cyclin D1, retinoblastoma protein (pRb), p53, p16INK4A, bcl-2, and p21waf1 in the epithelium and stroma of 40 primary (benign, 2	15981808	Human
p16ink4a	ovarian cancer	Methylation and Messenger RNA Expression of p15INK4b but Not p16INK4a Are Independent Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer.	16000597	Human
the p16 gene	blast crisis	We have used a semiquantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to search for deletions of the p16 gene in 34 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (CML BC), 19 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 25 patients w	7718873	Human
the p16 gene	myeloid tumors	Loss of the p16 gene is frequent in and highly specific to lymphoid malignancies (54 of 183 [30%] in lymphoid tumor v2 of 219 [1%] in myeloid tumors; P < .0001).	7632963	Human
the p16 gene	testicular tumors	RESULTS: The DNA from the p16 gene of 2 testicular tumors (5%), an ovarian cancer (4%) and a testicular tumor cell line (20%) had altered migration in gel electrophoresis as shown by SSCP.	7563391	Human
the p16 gene	testicular tumor	RESULTS: The DNA from the p16 gene of 2 testicular tumors (5%), an ovarian cancer (4%) and a testicular tumor cell line (20%) had altered migration in gel electrophoresis as shown by SSCP.	7563391	Human
the p16 gene	borderline ovarian tumors	Southern blot analysis revealed no losses of the p16 gene in either the invasive or borderline ovarian tumors.	7478544	Human
the p16 gene	nasopharyngeal carcinoma	Hypermethylation of the p16 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	8665502	Human
the p16 gene	parathyroid tumors	However, single strand conformational polymorphism analysis of all 3 exons of the p16 gene and both exons of the p15 gene failed to demonstrate mutation in any of the 25 cases, and homozygous deletions of the p16 and p15 genes, which are present in some h	8855819	Human
the p16 gene	esophageal tumors	To determine the role and mode of inactivation of the p16 and p15 genes in human esophageal tumors, we examined alterations and expression of the alpha and beta forms of the p16 gene, 5' CpG island methylation of p16 exon 1 alpha, and alterations of	9033652	Human
the p16 gene	adrenal cortical carcinomas	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
the p16 gene	adrenal cortical hyperplasia	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
the p16 gene	malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
the p16 gene	adenomas	In the rat, 94% of adenocarcinomas induced by the tobacco specific carcinogen 4-methylnitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone were hypermethylated at the p16 gene promoter; most important, this methylation change was frequently detected in precursor lesions	9751761	Rat
the p16 gene	carcinoma in situ	The timing for p16 methylation was recapitulated in human SCCs where the p16 gene was coordinately methylated in 75% of carcinoma in situ lesions adjacent to SCCs harboring this change.	9751761	Rat
the p16 gene	neuroblastoma	We previously reported that loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9p21 correlates with poor prognosis of neuroblastoma and the p16 gene is not expressed in approximately two thirds of neuroblastoma cell lines.	9872329	Human
the p16 gene	pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland	Deletion of the p16 gene and microsatellite instability in carcinoma arising in pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland.	9917133	Human
the p16 gene	carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma	Results of this study suggest that two different genetic alterations, the inactivation of the p16 gene and genetic instability, play roles in the malignant transformation of carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma.	9917133	Human
the p16 gene	carcinosarcoma	These results suggest that homozygous deletion of the p16 gene occurs less frequently than CD1 gene amplification in esophageal carcinosarcoma.	9990483	Human
the p16 gene	malignant brain tumors	The frequency of the alteration of the p16 gene, either homozygous deletion or mutation accompanied with amino acid substitutions, increased in malignant brain tumors (grade III and IV) compared with that in low grade tumors (grade I and II) (p=0.0275), s	10536183	Human
the p16 gene	low-grade tumors	The frequency of the alteration of the p16 gene, either homozygous deletion or mutation accompanied with amino acid substitutions, increased in malignant brain tumors (grade III and IV) compared with that in low grade tumors (grade I and II) (p=0.0275), s	10536183	Human
the p16 gene	ovarian cystadenomas	METHOD. Methylation-specific PCR was used to analyze the p16 gene for DNA methylation in 20 ovarian cystadenomas, 15 low malignant potential (LMP) tumors, and 37 carcinomas. p16 expression was determined immunohistochemically in 58 of these tumors (16 cys	9889036	Human
the p16 gene	endometrial tumours	Hypermethylation of a site within the 5'-CpG island of the p16 gene was detected in only one of 32 (3%) cervical tumours and none of 26 endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	cervical tumours	Hypermethylation of a site within the 5'-CpG island of the p16 gene was detected in only one of 32 (3%) cervical tumours and none of 26 endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	uterine tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	endometrial tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	cervical tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	uterine tumours	These observations suggest that inactivation of the p16 gene, either by homologous deletion, mutation or loss of expression, occurs in a subset of uterine tumours.	10408854	Human
the p16 gene	common acute lymphoblastic leukemia	There were two patients who had DNA abnormalities in both 9p and 12p, one with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showed 9p LOH and the TEL/AML1 fusion gene on 12p and the other with common ALL and 12p RER had diminished expression of both the p27(	10453181	Human
the p16 gene	extrahepatic bile duct cancers	In conclusion, inactivation of the p16 gene is a frequent event in primary sporadic extrahepatic bile duct cancers, 9p21 LOH and promoter hypermethylation being the principal inactivating mechanisms.	11802210	Human
the p16 gene	macroglobulinemia	MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methylation status of the p16 gene was analysed in a group of 159 patients with monoclonal gammopathies (40 monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, eight Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, eight smoldering multiple myeloma	11920239	Human
the p16 gene	macroglobulinemia	RESULTS: Forty-one of 98 MM patients (41.8%) as well as four of the five (80%) primary PCL patients showed methylation of the p16 gene, while none of the patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Waldenström Macroglobulinemia or s	11920239	Human
the p16 gene	tumour	These findings showed methylation of the p16 gene was a frequent event inMM patients at diagnosis, and was associated with an increased proliferative rate of plasma cells and a poor prognosis, indicating an important role for p16 gene in the cell cycle re	12199782	Human
the p16 gene	multiple myeloma	These findings showed methylation of the p16 gene was a frequent event inMM patients at diagnosis, and was associated with an increased proliferative rate of plasma cells and a poor prognosis, indicating an important role for p16 gene in the cell cycle re	12199782	Human
the p16 gene	hepatoblastoma	Hypermethylation of the p16 gene and lack of p16 expression in hepatoblastoma.	12748249	Human
the p16 gene	corticotroph adenomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tissue from 31 corticotroph adenomas and 16 nonadenomatous pituitaries were subject to methylation-sensitive PCR to determine the methylation status of the p16 gene CpG island.	15014032	Human
the p16 gene	primary gastric lymphomas	Promoter hypermethylation and protein expression of the p16 gene: analysis of 43 cases of B-cell primary gastric lymphomas from China.	14976529	Human
the p16 gene	primary gastric lymphomas	In this study, we characterize protein expression and promoter hypermethylation of the p16 gene in B-cell primary gastric lymphomas from China.	14976529	Human
the p16 gene	metastatic cancers	Homozygous deletions of the p16 gene were observed in 2 of the 5 primary colorectal carcinomas and in 1 of the matching liver metastatic cancers.	11677769	Human
the p16 gene	lung adenocarcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant methylation of the promoter region of the p16 gene and loss of expression of its product were in accord with the multistep progression of peripheral-type lung adenocarcinoma, and these alterations were associated closely with poor pr	15612080	Human
the p16 gene	polyposis	BRAF mutation status in patients with multiple/large HPs and/or hyperplastic polyposis correlated with HPs from the same patient (odds ratio, 5.8; P = 0.0002) but associated with younger age (odds ratio, 0.83; P = 0.006 compared to older age), with a larg	15793287	Human
the p16 mrna	aml	The p16 mRNA expression in 12 AML at diagnosis or relapse was significantly lower than that in 4 long term remission cases and normal controls. p16 mRNA expression was significantly higher in a case of AML with p53 mutation.	10921094	Human
the p16 protein	intraductal carcinomas	In 33 (9%) invasive and two (4%) intraductal carcinomas, a cytoplasmic accumulation of the p16 protein was seen.	9862580	Human
the p16 protein	malignant eyelid tumors	CONCLUSIONS: The expression of the P16 protein was related to the occurrence and degree of differentiation of malignant eyelid tumors.	11930651	Human
the p16 protein	primary gastric lymphoma	However, the p16 protein expression in primary gastric lymphoma has not been studied.	14976529	Human
the p19 gene	burkitt-like lymphoma	Using Southern blot analysis, one homozygous deletion of the p19 gene was detected in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related Burkitt-like lymphoma sample.	8946928	Human
p16ink4a	high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia	[The p16INK4a protein: a cytological marker for detecting high grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the uterine cervix] The identification of a small percentage of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HGCIN) among patients with a diagnosis of atyp	17255929	Human
p16ink4a	squamous papillomas	DESIGN: Immunohistochemistry of p16INK4A and p53 was performed on biopsies of recurrent squamous papillomas and invasive lesions in nine patients.	17277618	Human
p16	figo stage iib ovarian carcinoma	We performed immunohistochemical analysis of p16(INK4a) and pRb expression and correlated with survival in a series of 300 patients with FIGO stage IIb-IV ovarian carcinoma which were enrolled in a randomized prospective trial evaluating two different pla	17242700	Human
p16ink4a	high grade intraepithelial neoplasia	[The p16INK4a protein: a cytological marker for detecting high grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the uterine cervix] The identification of a small percentage of high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HGCIN) among patients with a diagnosis of atyp	17255929	Human
p14arf	follicular adenomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14arf	oncocytic adenomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14	tumour infiltrating lymphocytes	Methylation of the MLH1, P16, TIMP3 and P14 genes was associated with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (p < 0.05), microsatellite instability (p < 0.001), BRAF mutation (p < 0.0001) and elevated concentrations of the methyl group carriers tetrahydrofolate	16981189	Human
cdkn2a	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma	Phenotypic variation in eight extended CDKN2A germline mutation familial atypical multiple mole melanoma-pancreatic carcinoma-prone families: the familial atypical mole melanoma-pancreatic carcinoma syndrome.	11815963	Human
p19	thymoma	Quantitative measurements of cultured human and murine thymic, and human thymoma reticuloepithelial cells (REC), immunolabeled by different antibodies (Ab) (TE3, TE4, anti-HTLV p19(p19), lu5, K11 and Aks) and by thymic hormones (thymulin and thymosin alph	2649289	Human
cdkn2a	penile intraepithelial neoplasia	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the role of CDKN2A and p53 in the pathogenesis of EGCs and their precursor lesions vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN3), penile intraepithelial neoplasia and lichen sclerosus (LS).	17300232	Human
p16ink4a	thyroid tumour	The status of CDKN2A alpha (p16INK4A) and beta (p14ARF) transcripts in thyroid tumour progression.	17117177	Human
p16	head and neck carcinomas	The main aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between HPV presence and p16 expression in a representative collection of 60 head and neck carcinomas by tissue microarrays.	17352245	Human
cdkn2a	egc	BACKGROUND: p53 has been extensively studied in external genital carcinoma (EGC), and is frequently inactivated, but little is known about the role of the CDKN2A tumour suppressor gene in the oncogenesis of EGC.	17300232	Human
p16	oligodendrogliomas	Therefore, in oligodendrogliomas, the absence of the combined deletion of 1p and 19q and the aberrant expression of p53 or loss of p16 could be used as poor prognostic markers.	17319279	Human
p16	ameloblastoma	[Expression of cyclin D1 and its inhibitors and hTERT in ameloblastoma] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcripase (hTERT), cyclin D1 mRNA, p16(INK4), p21(WAF1) mRNA and p27(KIP1) protein in human ameloblastoma (ABs)	17334067	Human
arf	sarcoma	Furthermore, in contrast to accelerated cancer onset and increased epithelial cancers of late-generation mTerc-/- p53 mutant mice, late-generation mTerc-/- Ink4a/Arf mutant mice experienced a delayed tumor onset and maintained the lymphoma and sarcoma spe	17360455	Mouse
p16ink4a	solid carcinomas	BACKGROUND: BMI-1 is involved in the maintenance of stem cells and functions as an oncogene in both lymphomas and solid carcinomas, acting by downregulation of p16ink4a.	17244030	Human
ink4	ameloblastoma	[Expression of cyclin D1 and its inhibitors and hTERT in ameloblastoma] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcripase (hTERT), cyclin D1 mRNA, p16(INK4), p21(WAF1) mRNA and p27(KIP1) protein in human ameloblastoma (ABs)	17334067	Human
p16ink4a	mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands	Alterations of p16INK4a tumour suppressor gene in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands.	17223311	Human
p14arf	follicular carcinomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14arf	papillary carcinomas	These deregulations were statistically significant for pl6INK4a (P=0.006) in follicular adenomas and close to statistical significance for p14ARF in follicular adenomas (P=0.06) and in papillary carcinomas (P=0.05).	17117177	Human
ink4a	low grade dysplasia	CDC6 may be a biomarker of high grade and invasive lesions of the cervix, with limited use in low grade dysplasia. p16(INK4A) was the most reliable marker of cervical dysplasia.	15858126	Human
p14arf	colorectal adenomas	In primary colorectal carcinomas, p14ARF promoter hypermethylation was found in 31 of 110 (28%) of the tumors and observed in 13 of 41 (32%) colorectal adenomas but was not present in any normal tissues. p14ARF methylation appears in the context of an adj	10646864	Human
p14arf	anaplastic astrocytomas	To investigate the roles of the G1-S transition control system and the p14ARF/MDM2/p53 pathway in the development of astrocytic gliomas, we examined abnormalities of genes involved in these regulatory pathways in a total of 190 primary human astrocytic gl	10667596	Human
p14arf	meningiomas	Immunoreactivity of p14ARF, p27KIP1 and p73 did not show any differences between meningiomas of various histology and clinical outcomes.	12640680	Human
p14arf	salivary gland carcinomas	Alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a genes in salivary gland carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p14arf	tumors	Our results suggest that abnormal expression of the p16 and/or p14ARF may be associated with a poor prognosis in these 3 tumors.	12963998	Human
p14arf	invasive cervical cancer	Serial consecutive biopsies representing normal cervical epithelium to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and/or invasive cervical cancer were stained with immunohistochemistry for p16INK4A, p14ARF and proliferating cell nuclear antigen.	15502810	Human
p14arf	nk cell leukemia	We found methylation of the first exon of the p16INK4A gene in two cases (one aggressive, one blastic), and methylation of the p14ARF gene in one aggressive NK cell leukemia.	15813917	Human
p19	hepatic tumor	Resistance of primary cultured mouse hepatic tumor cells to cellular senescence despite expression of p16(Ink4a), p19(Arf), p53, and p21(Waf1/Cip1).	11568971	Mouse
p19	breast tumors	Several disease-implicated regulators of p19(ARF) are known to date, among which are the T-box genes TBX2, which resides on an amplicon in primary breast tumors, and TBX3, which is mutated in the human developmental disorder Ulnar-Mammary syndrome.	12000749	Human
p19	neurofibromatosis	The tumor types observed were characteristic of p19(ARF) null animals, not those associated with neurofibromatosis or those observed with NF1(+/-)/p53(+/-) mice.	12118376	Mouse
p19	mouse tumor	Recent evidence emerging from mouse tumor models distinguishes the activities of p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) in regulating tumor onset and identifies differences in their responsiveness to drugs.	12573439	Mouse
p14	aggressive lymphomas	Aggressive lymphomas with p14(ARF) inactivation and p53 wild type showed a significantly lower p53 protein expression than tumors with no alteration in any of these genes.	10854221	Human
p14	neurofibroma	CDKN2A germline splicing mutation affecting both p16(ink4) and p14(arf) RNA processing in a melanoma/neurofibroma kindred.	11433531	Human
p14	chondrosarcoma	Changes in p14(ARF) do not play a primary role in human chondrosarcoma tissues.	11477582	Human
p14	chondrosarcoma	In this study, the first unique exon, exon 1 beta, of p14(ARF), has been studied in 22 chondrosarcoma tissues using polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.	11477582	Human
p14	chondrosarcoma	This indicates that genetic changes of p14(ARF) are a rare event in chondrosarcoma.	11477582	Human
p14	anaplastic meningiomas	Alterations of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A (p16(INK4a)), p14(ARF), CDKN2B (p15(INK4b)), and CDKN2C (p18(INK4c)) in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.	11485924	Human
p14	atypical meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
p14	benign meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
p14	benign meningioma	One anaplastic meningioma, three atypical meningiomas, and one benign meningioma without a demonstrated homozygous deletion or mutation of CDKN2A, p14(ARF), or CDKN2B lacked detectable transcripts from at least one of these genes.	11485924	Human
p14	malignant pleural mesothelioma	Genetic alterations of INK4a/ARF locus, which is a predominant event in malignant pleural mesothelioma, may result in loss of p14(ARF) and subsequent disruption of p53 pathway in cancer cells.	11507034	Human
p14	common tumor	p14(ARF) nuclear overexpression in aggressive B-cell lymphomas is a sensor of malfunction of the common tumor suppressor pathways. p14(ARF), the alternative product from the human INK4a/ARF locus, antagonizes Hdm2 and mediates p53 activation in response t	11830494	Human
p14	myeloproliferative disorders	A broad spectrum of tumor suppressor gene alterations do occur in hematological malignancies, especially structural alterations of p15(INK4A), p15(INK4B) and p14(ARF) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as methylation of these genes in several myelopr	12032783	Human
p14	primary carcinomas	RESULTS: Altogether inactivation (methylation, loss of heterozygosity and mutation of exon 1beta) of p14(ARF) was found in 29 of all 68 (43%) carcinomas, with a significant difference in primary [8 of 29 (28%)] relative to second primary carcinomas [21 of	12189502	Human
p14	recurrent carcinomas	Mutations of p53 were found in 32 of 68 HNSCCs (44%), evenly distributed among primary and recurrent carcinomas. p14(ARF) alterations showed no relationship to p53 mutations.	12189502	Human
p14	recurrent carcinomas	The significantly higher rate of p14(ARF) alterations in recurrent (respective second primary) carcinomas suggests a further acquired genetic aberration during the development of the recurrent carcinomas.	12189502	Human
p14	pleomorphic adenomas	To study the contribution of each pathway in pleomorphic adenomas, this study analysed alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p53, and pRb in these tumours.	12375265	Human
p14	pleomorphic adenomas	Methylation of p14(ARF) was found in 1/42 cases and alterations of p16(INK4a) occurred in 12/42 of pleomorphic adenomas, which correlated with loss of mRNA transcription.	12375265	Human
p14	pleomorphic adenoma	The observation that alterations of p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a), and also p53 mutations, occurred exclusively in the epithelial and transitional components of pleomorphic adenoma supports the theory that these areas are prone to malignant transformation to ca	12375265	Human
p14	liver angiosarcoma	Alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INKa), and p53 in primary liver angiosarcoma from 19 patients were analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction (RE-PCR), microsatellite analysis, and D	12378512	Human
p14	gastric adenoma (ga)	Five different classes of methylation behaviors were found: (a). genes methylated in GC only (GSTP1 and RASSF1A), (b). genes showing low methylation frequency (<12%) in CG, IM, and gastric adenoma (GA) but significantly higher methylation frequency in GC	12695555	Human
p14	sporadic breast cancer	[Abnormal methylation of several tumor suppressor genes in sporadic breast cancer] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the RB1, p16/CDKN2A, p15/CDKN2B, p14/ARF, CDH1, MGMT, HIC1, and N33 promoter	12942643	Human
p14	schwannomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the DNA methylation status of 12 tumor-related genes (NF2, RB1, p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase-8, TP53, and GSTP1) in 44 sporadic and/or NF2-associated schwannomas using methylation-specific	14654541	Human
p14	mec	Late-passage hTERT-immortalized MEC express p53 but down-regulate p14(ARF).	14966292	Human
p14	gallbladder tumors	RESULTS: p16 gene alterations including silent mutations were present in 61.8% gallbladder cancers, 54.5% bile duct cancers, and 70.6% ampullary cancers. p16 gene nonsilent mutations, p16 methylation, and loss of chromosome 9p21-22 that targets p14, p15,	15014024	Human
p14	benign meningiomas	We found methylation of p14(ARF) gene in five of 58 cases of benign meningiomas (8.6%), two of 10 cases of atypical meningiomas (20%), and two of four cases of anaplastic meningiomas (50%).	15073599	Human
p14	odontogenic tumors	BACKGROUND: To clarify the roles of the p53-MDM2-p14(ARF) cell cycle regulation system in oncogenesis and cytodifferentiation of odontogenic tumors, p53 gene status and expression of p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) proteins was analyzed in ameloblastomas as well	15078490	Human
p14	ameloblastoma	Markedly decreased reactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) was detected in keratinizing and granular cells in ameloblastoma subtypes.	15078490	Human
p14	ameloblastoma	Basal cell ameloblastoma showed slightly higher reactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) as compared with other subtypes.	15078490	Human
p14	ameloblastoma	Immunoreactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) in ameloblastoma variants suggests that these factors might be associated with tissue structuring and cytodifferentiation of ameloblastomas.	15078490	Human
p14	endometrial hyperplasias	Thus expression levels of p14 were higher in G1 tumors than in normal endometria or endometrial hyperplasias, and the frequency of its staining in endometrioid carcinomas was inversely correlated with histologic grade.	15213599	Human
p14	endometrioid adenocarcinoma	In conclusion, p14 expression correlated with histologic grade and Ki-67, but not other prognostic factors in endometrioid adenocarcinoma.	15213599	Human
p14	fundic gland polyps (fgps)	We studied methylation of 2 tumor suppressor genes (p14, p16) and 4 MINT (methylated in tumor) clones (MINT1, MINT2, MINT25, MINT31) among 51 fundic gland polyps (FGPs) and 27 normal gastric body biopsy samples using bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA fol	15491970	Human
p14	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	[Abnormal methylation of p16/CDKN2A AND p14/ARF genes GpG Islands in non-small cell lung cancer and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR and methylation-specific PCR were employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands	15612580	Human
p14	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	High level of the p16/CDKN2A first exon CpC island methylation was revealed in non-small cell lung cancer (68%) and in acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (55%) and the CpG island of p14/ARF first exon was nonmethylated in these types of tumors.	15612580	Human
p14	benign prostatic hyperplasias (bph)	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
p14	scc of the tongue	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that in patients with SCC of the tongue, combined nuclear and nucleolar expression of p14(ARF) protein predicts for improved DFS and OS independent of established prognostic markers.	15930346	Human
p14	immunoblastic lymphoma	Current data indicate that the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to a large-cell or immunoblastic lymphoma is associated with abnormalities in cell cycle regulation (e.g., loss of the cell cycle inhibitors p16(INK4a) and p27(KIP1) ) and DNA r	16053658	Human
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16	t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4A) is frequently inactivated in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	11278393	Human
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16	t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4A) is frequently inactivated in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	11441822	Human
mts1	mucinous tumors	p16/MTS1 inactivation in ovarian carcinomas: high frequency of reduced protein expression associated with hyper-methylation or mutation in endometrioid and mucinous tumors.	9495360	Human
mts1	atypical adenomatous hyperplasia	An immunohistochemical analysis. To clarify the events leading to the disruption of cell growth control that occurs during the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (AC), we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of G1 cycle regulators, cy	9531999	Human
mts1	soft tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
mts1	mouse adenocarcinoma	Here we present a detailed analysis of the structure and function of this enhancer in the Mts1/S100A4-expressing CSML100 and non-expressing CSML0 mouse adenocarcinoma cell lines.	11504871	Human
mts1	transitional cell carcinoma of bladder	[Expression of bcl-2 and p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder] OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and MTS1/p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and prognosis.	11831985	Human
mts1	transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder	[Expression of bcl-2 and p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder] OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and MTS1/p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and prognosis.	11831985	Human
mts1	bladder cancer	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
mts1	transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
mts1	transitional cell carcinomas (tcc)	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
ink4a	megakaryoblastic leukemia	In a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, CMK, that showed some degree of megakaryocytic differentiation after culture with TPO, the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1), but not p27(Kip1), p16(INK4A), p15(INK4B), or p18(INK4C), wa	9111365	Human
ink4a	plasmacytoma	When tested with wild-type (DBA/2) p16, both A134C and G232A BALB/c-specific variants of p16 were inefficient in their ability to inhibit the activity of cyclin D2/CDK4 in kinase assays with retinoblastoma protein, suggesting this defective, inherited all	9482902	Mouse
ink4a	plasmacytoma	When tested with wild-type (DBA/2) p16, both A134C and G232A BALB/c-specific variants of p16 were inefficient in their ability to inhibit the activity of cyclin D2/CDK4 in kinase assays with retinoblastoma protein, suggesting this defective, inherited all	9482902	Mouse
ink4a	indolent lymphomas	Hypermethylation of the gene was also examined in a subset of tumors with lack of protein expression but without mutations or deletions of the gene. p16(INK4a) gene alterations were detected in 3 out of 64 (5%) indolent lymphomas but in 16 out of 48 (33%)	9531609	Human
ink4a	low-grade tumors	In the low-grade tumors, p16(INK4a) alterations were detected in 1 (4%) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (hemizygous missense mutation), 1 (6%) follicular lymphoma (homozygous deletion), and 1 (5%) typical mantle cell lymphoma (homozygous deletion).	9531609	Human
ink4a	anaplastic large cell lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
ink4a	large-cell lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
ink4a	lymphoblastic lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
ink4a	large-cell lymphoma	Sequential samples of the indolent and transformed phase of three cases showed the presence of p16(INK4a) deletions in the Richter's syndrome but not in the CLL component of two cases, whereas in a follicular lymphoma the deletion was present in both	9531609	Human
ink4a	plasma cell leukemia	Characterization of p16(INK4A) expression in multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia.	9815612	Human
ink4a	advanced carcinomas	PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression patterns and their possible prognostic relevance of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21(WAF/CIP1), Rb, p16(INK4A), CDK4 and Cyclin D1, MIB1 (Ki-67) and BCL-2 were analysed in pretreatment tumor biopsies from 43	10525606	Human
ink4a	neuroendocrine tumors of the lung	Differential retinoblastoma and p16(INK4A) protein expression in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.	10649246	Human
ink4a	adult t-cell leukemia	The transactivator protein Tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type I plays an important role in the development of adult T-cell leukemia probably through modulation of growth regulatory molecules including p16(INK4a).	10753922	Human
ink4a	human t-cell leukemia	The transactivator protein Tax of human T-cell leukemia virus type I plays an important role in the development of adult T-cell leukemia probably through modulation of growth regulatory molecules including p16(INK4a).	10753922	Human
ink4a	indolent lymphomas	To determine the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas we have analyzed exon 1beta, 1alpha, and 2 of the INK4a/ARF locus and p53 gene aberrations in 97 tumors previously characterized for p16(INK4a) alterations. p53	10854221	Human
ink4a	leukoplakia	Immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4A) and cyclin D1 expression was performed on 78 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 46 leukoplakia, and 20 normal mucosa.	11098077	Human
ink4a	leukoplakia	Rb and p16(INK4A) expression were observed in all normal mucosa and most of leukoplakia.	11098077	Human
ink4a	marginal zone lymphomas	Chronic antigenic stimulation at these sites or in response to infection with Hepatitis C provides the milieu for mutations at FAS, API2/ML, TP53 and INK4a/p19ARF and the development of marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) in node, spleen and MALT.	11166833	Human
ink4a	mzl	Chronic antigenic stimulation at these sites or in response to infection with Hepatitis C provides the milieu for mutations at FAS, API2/ML, TP53 and INK4a/p19ARF and the development of marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) in node, spleen and MALT.	11166833	Human
ink4a	pediatric osteosarcomas	Loss of p16(INK4a) expression correlates with decreased survival in pediatric osteosarcomas.	11241308	Human
ink4a	pediatric osteosarcomas	We examined a series of 38 pediatric osteosarcomas for abnormal expression of pRB, p16(INK4a) and cyclin D1 by immunohistochemical analysis of archival biopsy specimens.	11241308	Human
ink4a	metastasis	There was an inverse correlation between loss of pRB and p16(INK4a) expression (p = 0.07). pRB and p16(INK4a) abnormalities were independent of site of disease, presence of metastasis at diagnosis and percentage of tumor necrosis in the resection specimen	11241308	Human
ink4a	tumor necrosis	There was an inverse correlation between loss of pRB and p16(INK4a) expression (p = 0.07). pRB and p16(INK4a) abnormalities were independent of site of disease, presence of metastasis at diagnosis and percentage of tumor necrosis in the resection specimen	11241308	Human
ink4a	pediatric osteosarcomas	Immunohistochemical analysis of p16(INK4a) expression in pediatric osteosarcomas may be a useful adjunctive marker of prognosis.	11241308	Human
ink4a	t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4A) is frequently inactivated in childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	11278393	Human
ink4a	t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	To investigate possible consequences of this genetic alteration for tumor development, we conditionally expressed p16(INK4A) in the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia line CCRF-CEM, which carries a homozygous deletion of this gene.	11278393	Human
ink4a	cin ii	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
ink4a	intraepithelial neoplasm	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
ink4a	invasive cervical cancers	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
ink4a	monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance	p16(INK4a) and p15(INK4b) gene methylations in plasma cells from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) proteins are cell cycle regulators involved in the inhibition of G1 phase progression.	11418489	Human
ink4a	uveal melanoma	Treatment of uveal melanoma cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine results in demethylation of p16(INK4a) and in reexpression of p16(INK4a) mRNA, which is maintained upon withdrawal of the 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.	11431374	Human
ink4a	t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia	To investigate possible consequences of this genetic alteration for tumor development, we conditionally expressed p16(INK4A) in the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia line CCRF-CEM, which carries a homozygous deletion of this gene.	11441822	Human
ink4a	hcl	The latter DNA probes and probes hybridizing to chromosomal regions, which are frequently deleted in other subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), namely 9p21/ P16(INK4A), 13q14/D13S25, and 17p13/P53 were subsequently applied to all 14 cases of HCL, but	11463458	Human
ink4a	lymphoid tumors	Interestingly, whereas p53 mutations or loss of heterozygosity did not account for the accelerated development of lymphoid tumors in UV-irradiated p53(+/-) mice, deletions in the p16(INK4a) gene were quite common.	11481437	Mouse
ink4a	hepatic tumor	Resistance of primary cultured mouse hepatic tumor cells to cellular senescence despite expression of p16(Ink4a), p19(Arf), p53, and p21(Waf1/Cip1).	11568971	Mouse
ink4a	vulvar epidermoid carcinoma	To determine whether this difference can be translated into a therapeutic advantage to protect normal cells from adverse cytotoxicity caused by chemotherapy, we established cell model systems for ecdysone-inducible expression of p16(Ink4a), p21(Waf1), and	11593424	Human
ink4a	barrett's esophagus	Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer of which the incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate in Western countries. p16(INK4a) lesions occur frequently in esophageal adenocarcinomas but the	11719461	Human
ink4a	esophageal adenocarcinoma	Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer of which the incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate in Western countries. p16(INK4a) lesions occur frequently in esophageal adenocarcinomas but the	11719461	Human
ink4a	primary central nervous system lymphoma	Homozygous deletion of INK4a/ARF genes and overexpression of bcl-2 in relation with poor prognosis in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma of the diffuse large B-cell type.	11804283	Human
ink4a	endometrial hyperplasia	Ink4a/Arf deficiency reduced tumor-free survival and shortened the latency of neoplasias associated with Pten heterozygosity, specifically pheochromocytoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and endometrial hyperplasia.	11818530	Mouse
ink4a	pheochromocytoma	Ink4a/Arf deficiency reduced tumor-free survival and shortened the latency of neoplasias associated with Pten heterozygosity, specifically pheochromocytoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and endometrial hyperplasia.	11818530	Mouse
ink4a	prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia	Ink4a/Arf deficiency reduced tumor-free survival and shortened the latency of neoplasias associated with Pten heterozygosity, specifically pheochromocytoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and endometrial hyperplasia.	11818530	Mouse
ink4a	pheochromocytoma	Functional synergy between Ink4a/Arf and Pten manifested most prominently in the development of pheochromocytoma, prompting an analysis of genes and loci implicated in this rare human neoplasm.	11818530	Mouse
ink4a	pheochromocytoma	The classical pheochromocytoma genes Ret, Vhl, and Nf-1 remained intact, a finding consistent with the intersection of these genes with pathways engaged by Pten and Ink4a/Arf.	11818530	Mouse
ink4a	common tumor	p14(ARF) nuclear overexpression in aggressive B-cell lymphomas is a sensor of malfunction of the common tumor suppressor pathways. p14(ARF), the alternative product from the human INK4a/ARF locus, antagonizes Hdm2 and mediates p53 activation in response t	11830494	Human
ink4a	nsclc	To identify the molecular basis for this p16 immunohistochemical negativity further, we performed a genetic and epigenetic study of p16(INK4a) status in a series of 115 NSCLC samples parallel to the clinicopathologic and prognostic analyses.	11920642	Human
ink4a	invasive ductal adenocarcinoma	Aberrant p16(INK4A) and DPC4/Smad4 expression in intraductal papillary mucinous tumours of the pancreas is associated with invasive ductal adenocarcinoma.	12010891	Human
ink4a	angiosarcomas	In vivo, mice doubly deficient for p16(INK4a) and p53 showed an increased rate of tumor formation with particular susceptibility to aggressive angiosarcomas.	12019151	Mouse
ink4a	myeloproliferative disorders	A broad spectrum of tumor suppressor gene alterations do occur in hematological malignancies, especially structural alterations of p15(INK4A), p15(INK4B) and p14(ARF) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as methylation of these genes in several myelopr	12032783	Human
ink4a	thyroid tumors	Additionally, we analyzed the methylation frequency of the CpG island of cell cycle inhibitor p16(INK4a) in the same thyroid tumors.	12097277	Human
ink4a	oral cancer	We reported previously that acquisition of the immortal phenotype is an early event in oral cancer development (F. McGregor et al., Cancer Res., 57: 3886-3889, 1997); our current data indicate that about half of oral dysplasia cultures are immortal, and t	12183435	Human
ink4a	pleomorphic adenomas	To study the contribution of each pathway in pleomorphic adenomas, this study analysed alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p53, and pRb in these tumours.	12375265	Human
ink4a	pleomorphic adenomas	Methylation of p14(ARF) was found in 1/42 cases and alterations of p16(INK4a) occurred in 12/42 of pleomorphic adenomas, which correlated with loss of mRNA transcription.	12375265	Human
ink4a	pleomorphic adenoma	The observation that alterations of p14(ARF) and p16(INK4a), and also p53 mutations, occurred exclusively in the epithelial and transitional components of pleomorphic adenoma supports the theory that these areas are prone to malignant transformation to ca	12375265	Human
ink4a	common neoplasms	Loss of p16(INK4a) expression has also been frequently observed in more common neoplasms such as lung cancer as well.	12399123	Human
ink4a	mesothelioma	This methylation in these mesothelioma cells could be reversed, resulting in re-expression of p16(INK4a) protein, following the treatment of the cells with cytidine analogs, which are known inhibitors of DNA methylation.	12399123	Human
ink4a	lobular carcinomas	Oestrogen and progesterone receptors, tumour proliferative activity, the expression of cyclin A, p16(ink4A), p27(kip1), p21(waf1), p53, bcl-2, and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) were evaluated	12402149	Human
ink4a	oral cancer	In an attempt to model oral cancer in a human cell-based system, we analyzed normal oral epithelial keratinocytes with the pRB pathway dysregulated by loss of expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 4/cdk6 inhibitor p16(INK4A) and/or ectopic expre	12543805	Human
ink4a	mouse tumor	Recent evidence emerging from mouse tumor models distinguishes the activities of p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) in regulating tumor onset and identifies differences in their responsiveness to drugs.	12573439	Mouse
ink4a	aggressive fibromatosis	Importantly, exogenous p16(INK4a) introduced by cotransfection is sufficient to reduce GR activity in FS cells, without affecting GR activity in p16-positive aggressive fibromatosis cells.	12624188	Human
ink4a	liver tumors	Additionally, we analysed the methylation status of p16(INK4a) and other cancer-related genes in the same liver tumors.	12660822	Human
ink4a	hca	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RASSF1A and p16(INK4a) inactivation by methylation are frequent events in hepatocellular carcinoma, but not in HCA, which is in contrast to HCC without cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, storage diseases, or genetic ba	12660822	Human
ink4a	plasma cell tumors	BALB/c mice are susceptible to the development of pristane-induced plasma cell tumors, and have a rare allelic variant in the coding region of the p16(INK4a) (p16) tumor suppressor gene that produces a protein with impaired activity.	12700664	Mouse
ink4a	basal cell carcinoma	Invade or proliferate? Two contrasting events in malignant behavior governed by p16(INK4a) and an intact Rb pathway illustrated by a model system of basal cell carcinoma.	12702553	Human
ink4a	basal cell carcinomas	Using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting of microdissected parts of basal cell carcinomas, we showed that p16(INK4a) was up-regulated at the invasive front of the majority of basal cell carcinomas with infiltrative growth patterns, followed by ceas	12702553	Human
ink4a	neuroendocrine tumors	Additionally, we analysed the aberrant methylation frequency of cell cycle inhibitor p16(INK4a) and K-ras gene mutations in the pancreatic samples. p16 inactivation was detected in 43% of adenocarcinomas, in 17% of neuroendocrine tumors, in 18% of pancrea	12802288	Human
ink4a	tonsil cancers	In our study 86 tonsil cancers were analysed for HPV status by sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction products and for the expression of cell cycle proteins (p53, p21(CIP1/WAF1), pRb, p16(INK4A), cyclin D1 and p27(KIP1)) by immunohistochemistry.	12845651	Human
ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix	Carcinogenesis of cervical cancer has been investigated, and p16(INK4a) overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix has been reported as a result of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) (eg, HPV 16), and the consequence of the retinoblastom	14506638	Human
ink4a	small cell carcinoma of the cervix	However, to our knowledge, there have been no studies on the relation between p16(INK4a) overexpression associated with HPV and small cell carcinoma of the cervix, which behaves more aggressively clinically than squamous cell carcinoma.	14506638	Human
ink4a	small cell carcinoma	The purpose of this study was to determine whether p16(INK4a) is overexpressed in small cell carcinoma, and if p16(INK4a) is overexpressed, the types of HPV that are related to this cancer.	14506638	Human
ink4a	small cell carcinoma	We reviewed 10 cases of small cell carcinoma and examined them for p16(INK4a) overexpression by immunohistochemistry.	14506638	Human
ink4a	small cell carcinoma	In conclusion, p16(INK4a) was overexpressed and HPV 18 was frequently detected in an integrated form in small cell carcinoma.	14506638	Human
ink4a	schwannomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the DNA methylation status of 12 tumor-related genes (NF2, RB1, p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase-8, TP53, and GSTP1) in 44 sporadic and/or NF2-associated schwannomas using methylation-specific	14654541	Human
ink4a	hsil	Comparison of the number of p16(INK4a) immunoreactive cells/1,000 cells exhibited a significantly higher mean count in HSIL (8.80 +/- 1.13) than other cytological groups.	14712490	Human
ink4a	transitional cell carcinomas (tcc)	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
ink4a	cysts	Immunohistochemical staining was performed for p16(INK4a) and pRb in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the uterine cervix using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. p16(INK4a) staining was detected in 7 of 108 sections (6.5%) of normal	15188135	Human
ink4a	non-small cell carcinomas	In two additional cases originally interpreted as small cell carcinoma, high molecular weight keratin highlighted small numbers of neoplastic large cells, leading to reclassification as combined small cell and non-small cell carcinomas. p16(INK4A) express	15309021	Human
ink4a	cervical cancer	The present data confirm the role of p16(INK4A) as a highly specific marker of CIN and HR-HPV type, but expression of this protein does not seem to be of any prognostic value in cervical cancer or in predicting the clearance of HR-HPV after treatment of C	15381905	Human
ink4a	cin	The present data confirm the role of p16(INK4A) as a highly specific marker of CIN and HR-HPV type, but expression of this protein does not seem to be of any prognostic value in cervical cancer or in predicting the clearance of HR-HPV after treatment of C	15381905	Human
ink4a	colorectal carcinomas	This study aimed to identify potential abnormalities of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and p16(INK4a) (p16) expression in resectable colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and to assess the prognostic significance of pRb and p16 levels in patients with CRC.	15492985	Human
ink4a	fibroadenoma	The potential role of p16(INK4a) methylation in breast cancer is controversial whereas there are no data on fibroadenoma.	15578730	Human
ink4a	fibroadenoma	To assess if inactivation of p16(INK4a) by promoter hypermethylation occurs in this hyperproliferative benign breast lesion or, on the contrary, it is strictly related to the carcinogenic process, we have tested the different histological components of 15	15578730	Human
ink4a	salivary gland carcinomas (sgcs)	As combinations of genetic and/or epigenetic alterations occurring during salivary gland carcinogenesis are largely unknown, we here analyzed 36 salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) for changes in INK4a/ARF, RB1, p21, p27, PTEN, p53, MDM2 and O6-MGMT genes us	15695118	Human
ink4a	mantle cell lymphomas	CDK4 and MDM2 gene alterations mainly occur in highly proliferative and aggressive mantle cell lymphomas with wild-type INK4a/ARF locus.	15781632	Human
ink4a	mcl	To determine the role of these genes in MCL, we have examined their gene status and expression and their relationship to INK4a/ARF and p53 gene aberrations in 69 tumors.	15781632	Human
ink4a	oligodendroglial tumors	Remarkably, 9 of 10 murine oligodendroglial tumors (from p53+/- or ink4a/arf+/- animals transgenic for S100beta-v-erbB) showed a similar tumor-specific down-regulation of mSLC5A8, the highly conserved mouse homologue.	15867356	Mouse
ink4a	vin 3	RESULTS: p16(INK4a) immunoreactivity was different in VIN 1, VIN 2, VIN 3, and squamous cell carcinoma.	15870532	Human
ink4a	vin 3	Strong expression of p16(INK4a) protein was observed in 92% (22 of 24) of VIN 2 and VIN 3 lesions and 100% (4 of 4) of invasive SCCs.	15870532	Human
ink4a	condyloma acuminatum	No p16(INK4a) immunoreactivity was observed in any of the benign/reactive and condyloma acuminatum lesions.	15870532	Human
ink4a	condyloma acuminatum	CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of INK4a gene occurs in vulvar carcinogenesis. p16(INK4a) is not a sensitive marker for differentiation of benign vulvar squamous epithelium from condyloma acuminatum or VIN 1 lesions because most VIN 1 lesions are p16(INK4a) neg	15870532	Human
ink4a	cervical polyp	METHODS: A total of 188 consecutive and unselected colposcopically directed cervical biopsies and a single contemporaneous cervical polyp were accessioned prospectively over a 3-month period, step-serially sectioned and examined by H&E and immunostained f	16028838	Human
ink4a	cervical polyp	Diffuse strong parabasal immunostaining for p16(INK4a), suggestive of integrated high-risk HPV DNA into the host genome, was observed in 81 biopsies (42.9%, including the cervical polyp) and correlated (>90%) with HGSIL in the H&E sections.	16028838	Human
ink4a	immunoblastic lymphoma	Current data indicate that the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to a large-cell or immunoblastic lymphoma is associated with abnormalities in cell cycle regulation (e.g., loss of the cell cycle inhibitors p16(INK4a) and p27(KIP1) ) and DNA r	16053658	Human
ink4a	amelanotic melanoma	Spontaneous uveal amelanotic melanoma in transgenic Tyr-RAS+ Ink4a/Arf-/- mice.	16087843	Mouse
mts-1	ductal adenocarcinomas	Deletion and mutation analyses of the P16/MTS-1 tumor suppressor gene in human ductal pancreatic cancer reveals a higher frequency of abnormalities in tumor-derived cell lines than in primary ductal adenocarcinomas.	8640773	Human
cdkn2	biliary tract cancers	Twenty-five primary biliary tract cancers were examined for somatic mutations in p16Ink4/CDKN2, p15Ink4B/MTS2, p53, and K-ras genes and allelic loss of 9p21 by microsatellite analysis.	7796400	Human
cdkn2	biliary tract cancer	We found frequent homozygous deletions in p16Ink4/CDKN2 and p15Ink4B/MTS2 genes in the biliary tract cancer cell lines.	7796400	Human
cdkn2	ampullary cancers	One of three intrahepatic bile duct cancers, one of two common bile duct cancers, and one of two ampullary cancers had mutations in the p16Ink4/CDKN2 gene.	7796400	Human
cdkn2	bile duct cancers	One of three intrahepatic bile duct cancers, one of two common bile duct cancers, and one of two ampullary cancers had mutations in the p16Ink4/CDKN2 gene.	7796400	Human
cdkn2	lymphoblastic lymphoma	In the primary tumors, homozygous deletions of both CDKN2 and MTS2 were found in 35% of the T-ALL/lymphoblastic lymphoma (8 of 23).	7882348	Human
cdkn2	lymphoblastic lymphoma	These results are consistent with a role for CDKN2 and/or MTS2 in the pathogenesis of some lymphoid leukemia/lymphomas, particularly in T-ALL/lymphoblastic lymphoma.	7882348	Human
cdkn2	bronchogenic carcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that CDKN2 gene was a tumor suppressor gene, the inactivation of which were involved in the carcinogenesis of bronchogenic carcinoma and implicated in tumor differentiation.	9388844	Human
cdkn2	thymoma	p16INK4, pRB, p53 and cyclin D1 expression and hypermethylation of CDKN2 gene in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	thymoma	A polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of exon 3 of CDKN2 was detected in 5 cases of thymoma.	9398039	Human
cdkn2	neurofibromatosis	Mutations of p16 (CDKN2), p53, ras, neurofibromatosis type I gene (NF-1), bcl2 and the retinoblastoma gene have been described, but none are common.	10427507	Human
cdkn2	transitional cell carcinomas (tcc)	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
p16	small lymphocytic lymphoma	We identified the homozygous deletion of P15 and P16 genes in 13 tumors from 12 patients, all belonging to diffuse large-cell histology; 10 had this diagnosis made on presentation, 1 had transformed from small lymphocytic lymphoma, and 1 had transformed f	7579381	Human
p16	myeloid tumors	Loss of the p16 gene is frequent in and highly specific to lymphoid malignancies (54 of 183 [30%] in lymphoid tumor v2 of 219 [1%] in myeloid tumors; P < .0001).	7632963	Human
p16	lymphoblastic lymphomas	None of the lymphoid tumors studied possessed deletions of p18, including a group of lymphoblastic lymphomas which we previously reported to have deletions of p16 and p15.	8637248	Human
p16	ductal adenocarcinomas	Deletion and mutation analyses of the P16/MTS-1 tumor suppressor gene in human ductal pancreatic cancer reveals a higher frequency of abnormalities in tumor-derived cell lines than in primary ductal adenocarcinomas.	8640773	Human
p16	papillary cancer	Homozygous deletion of the entire p16 coding sequence was observed in two of three follicular and two of four papillary cancer cell lines, but not in normal tissue or normal cells immortalised by SV40 T antigen.	8822272	Human
p16	differentiated thyroid cancer	Given the co-existence of p16 abnormalities in primary tumours and cell lines observed in other tumour types, this high frequency of deletion suggests that p16 is a key tumour suppressor gene in the genesis of differentiated thyroid cancer.	8822272	Human
p16	advanced cancer	In cancer in adenoma pRB and cdk2 were overexpressed with high frequency, and cdk4 overexpression was detected in advanced cancer. p16 overexpression was detected in almost all cancers, but in contrast p21 overexpression was rare event.	8920658	Human
p16	liposarcoma	Using one microsatellite marker distal to p16(D9S171) and one intragenic sequence-tagged site (STS) marker (c5.1), we observed LOH in only one liposarcoma and one malignant schwannoma (2.6%).	9049181	Human
p16	megakaryoblastic leukemia	In a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, CMK, that showed some degree of megakaryocytic differentiation after culture with TPO, the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1), but not p27(Kip1), p16(INK4A), p15(INK4B), or p18(INK4C), wa	9111365	Human
p16	pancreatic neoplasms	In half of the patients, two or more unique K-ras mutations were identified among distinct PILs, which is evidence for the separate clonal evolution of multiple pancreatic neoplasms within individual patients. p16 alterations (one homozygous deletion and	9187111	Human
p16	gastric adenocarcinomas	Among 34 esophageal adenocarcinomas and 11 gastric adenocarcinomas, only one tumor lacked p16 expression and all tumors expressed p16beta. p16 sequences were not detectable by PCR in genomic DNA from tumors lacking both p16 and p16beta mRNA, suggesting th	9333024	Human
p16	bronchogenic carcinoma	[Expression of CDKN2 gene product in human bronchogenic carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of P16 protein in bronchogenic carcinoma and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma and to determine the relationship between the gene and bronchogenic ca	9388844	Human
p16	ewing tumors	Our data indicate that, despite the absence of cytogenetically detectable 9p21 chromosomal aberrations, p16 deletions constitute the most frequent secondary molecular aberration in Ewing tumors so far.	9393981	Human
p16	bladder tumor	The remaining tumor lines expressed p16 at constant levels before and after 5-Aza-CdR treatment and showed minimal p16 promoter methylation, suggesting that other growth-regulatory genes may have been silenced by de novo methylation in these cells. p16 ex	9426064	Human
p16	plasmacytoma	When tested with wild-type (DBA/2) p16, both A134C and G232A BALB/c-specific variants of p16 were inefficient in their ability to inhibit the activity of cyclin D2/CDK4 in kinase assays with retinoblastoma protein, suggesting this defective, inherited all	9482902	Mouse
p16	mucinous tumors	p16/MTS1 inactivation in ovarian carcinomas: high frequency of reduced protein expression associated with hyper-methylation or mutation in endometrioid and mucinous tumors.	9495360	Human
p16	oral tumors	In this paper, we present results of our examination of a series of 80 oral squamous cell carcinomas for p53 exons 5-9 and p16 exons 1-2 mutations, and the potential association of these mutations with specific genotyping patterns. p53 mutation prevalence	9525287	Human
p16	oral tumors	A significant association was not observed between the prevalence of p16 mutations in oral tumors and tobacco use, or CYP1A1 [val] or GSTM1 (0/0) genotypes.	9525287	Human
p16	indolent lymphomas	Hypermethylation of the gene was also examined in a subset of tumors with lack of protein expression but without mutations or deletions of the gene. p16(INK4a) gene alterations were detected in 3 out of 64 (5%) indolent lymphomas but in 16 out of 48 (33%)	9531609	Human
p16	low-grade tumors	In the low-grade tumors, p16(INK4a) alterations were detected in 1 (4%) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (hemizygous missense mutation), 1 (6%) follicular lymphoma (homozygous deletion), and 1 (5%) typical mantle cell lymphoma (homozygous deletion).	9531609	Human
p16	anaplastic large cell lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
p16	large-cell lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
p16	lymphoblastic lymphomas	In the aggressive tumors, p16(INK4a) gene alterations were observed in 2 (29%) Richter's syndromes (2 homozygous deletions), 3 (33%) transformed follicular lymphomas (1 homozygous deletion and 2 nonsense mutations), 3 (43%) blastoid mantle cell lymph	9531609	Human
p16	large-cell lymphoma	Sequential samples of the indolent and transformed phase of three cases showed the presence of p16(INK4a) deletions in the Richter's syndrome but not in the CLL component of two cases, whereas in a follicular lymphoma the deletion was present in both	9531609	Human
p16	atypical adenomatous hyperplasia	An immunohistochemical analysis. To clarify the events leading to the disruption of cell growth control that occurs during the development of pulmonary adenocarcinoma (AC), we used immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of G1 cycle regulators, cy	9531999	Human
p16	b-cell lymphoma	The p16 gene is frequently mutated or deleted in many types of cancer cell lines as well as in certain types of primary tumors. p16 knockout mice are viable but predisposed to sarcoma and B-cell lymphoma.	9563903	Mouse
p16	adrenal cortical hyperplasia	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
p16	malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex	Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal cortex was attempted by microdissection of nine cases of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, 10 cortical adenomas, and 18 adrenal cortical carcinomas with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (P	9596277	Human
p16	soft tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
p16	large cell carcinomas	To observe the expression of p16, pRb, cdk4 and cyclinD1 in non-small cell lung cancers, 104 cases of resected lung cancers were collected, which included squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and large cell carcinomas.	9751261	Human
p16	plasma cell leukemia	Characterization of p16(INK4A) expression in multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia.	9815612	Human
p16	plasma cell leukemia (pcl)	However, the frequency and significance of p16 abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) and the more aggressive phase of plasma cell leukemia (PCL) have not been well defined.	9815612	Human
p16	intraductal carcinomas	In 33 (9%) invasive and two (4%) intraductal carcinomas, a cytoplasmic accumulation of the p16 protein was seen.	9862580	Human
p16	cystadenomas	METHOD. Methylation-specific PCR was used to analyze the p16 gene for DNA methylation in 20 ovarian cystadenomas, 15 low malignant potential (LMP) tumors, and 37 carcinomas. p16 expression was determined immunohistochemically in 58 of these tumors (16 cys	9889036	Human
p16	ovarian cystadenomas	METHOD. Methylation-specific PCR was used to analyze the p16 gene for DNA methylation in 20 ovarian cystadenomas, 15 low malignant potential (LMP) tumors, and 37 carcinomas. p16 expression was determined immunohistochemically in 58 of these tumors (16 cys	9889036	Human
p16	carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma	Results of this study suggest that two different genetic alterations, the inactivation of the p16 gene and genetic instability, play roles in the malignant transformation of carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma.	9917133	Human
p16	invasive carcinoma	In contrast, p16 expression was lost in moderate dysplasia (12%) and in CIS (30%) in patients with lung cancer. p16 loss occurred exclusively in patients who displayed loss of p16 expression in their related invasive carcinoma.	10037171	Human
p16	invasive carcinoma	Our results indicate that Rb protein function can be invalidated before invasion through alteration of the Rb phosphorylation pathway, by p16 inhibition, and/or by cyclin D1 overexpression and suggest a role for p16 and cyclin D1 deregulation in progressi	10037171	Human
p16	colonic adenomas	CONCLUSIONS: p16 methylation occurs frequently in human colonic adenomas and cancers and is closely associated with K-ras mutations.	10220498	Human
p16	verrucous carcinomas (vcs)	In this study, the expression of the cell cycle-associated proteins p16, pRb, p53, p27 and Ki-67 were examined by immunohistochemistry in precancerous and cancerous oral lesions, including verrucous carcinomas (VCs).	10226946	Human
p16	agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (amm)	P16 gene deletions and point mutations in patients with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM).	10400184	Human
p16	agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (amm)	Studies of p16 alterations with homozygous deletions and mutation analysis were done in 32 patients with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) including six patients in leukemic phase.	10400184	Human
p16	endometrial tumours	The roles of the p16 and p15 inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase tumour suppressor genes were examined in human uterine cervical and endometrial cancers. p16 mRNA, examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), was significantly re	10408854	Human
p16	cervical tumours	Hypermethylation of a site within the 5'-CpG island of the p16 gene was detected in only one of 32 (3%) cervical tumours and none of 26 endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	cervical tumours	Homozygous p16 gene deletion, evaluated by differential PCR analysis, was found in four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and one of 38 (3%) endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	endometrial tumours	Homozygous p16 gene deletion, evaluated by differential PCR analysis, was found in four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and one of 38 (3%) endometrial tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	cervical tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
p16	endometrial tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
p16	uterine tumours	PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis detected point mutations in the p16 gene in six (8%) of 78 uterine tumours (four of 40 (10%) cervical tumours and two of 38 (5%) endometrial tumours).	10408854	Human
p16	uterine tumours	These observations suggest that inactivation of the p16 gene, either by homologous deletion, mutation or loss of expression, occurs in a subset of uterine tumours.	10408854	Human
p16	neurofibromatosis	Mutations of p16 (CDKN2), p53, ras, neurofibromatosis type I gene (NF-1), bcl2 and the retinoblastoma gene have been described, but none are common.	10427507	Human
p16	basaloid carcinomas	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
p16	nsclc	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinomas	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
p16	basaloid carcinoma	In univariate analysis, Rb-negative adenocarcinomas at stages I-II had a significantly shorter survival than Rb-positive cases ( p = 0.04) and stages I-II p16-positive cases had a shorter survival than p16-negative cases ( p = 0.02), which was more signif	10440744	Human
p16	advanced carcinomas	PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression patterns and their possible prognostic relevance of the cell cycle regulatory proteins p53, p21(WAF/CIP1), Rb, p16(INK4A), CDK4 and Cyclin D1, MIB1 (Ki-67) and BCL-2 were analysed in pretreatment tumor biopsies from 43	10525606	Human
p16	salivary gland carcinomas	Analysis of chromosome 9p21 deletion and p16 gene mutation in salivary gland carcinomas.	10534174	Human
p16	small bowel adenocarcinomas	The levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E, p16, p21, p27, and p53 proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry in samples of normal small bowel (n = 16), small bowel adenomas (n = 20), and small bowel adenocarcinomas (n = 24).	10613343	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors of the lung	Differential retinoblastoma and p16(INK4A) protein expression in neuroendocrine tumors of the lung.	10649246	Human
p16	acral lentiginous melanoma	An analysis of p16 tumour suppressor gene expression in acral lentiginous melanoma.	10657449	Human
p16	acral lentiginous melanomas	These data suggest that p16 inactivation may play an important role in the development and progression of acral lentiginous melanomas.	10657449	Human
p16	high grade lymphoma	With time, a fraction of follicular lymphoma accumulates mutations of p53 and of p16 and evolves into a high grade lymphoma.	10681729	Human
p16	hydatidiform mole	METHODS: The expressions of p16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins in 18 cases of trophoblastic tumors, 30 cases of hydatidiform mole and 30 cases of normal villi were studied by immunohistochemical metho	10681785	Human
p16	trophoblastic tumors	METHODS: The expressions of p16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) proteins in 18 cases of trophoblastic tumors, 30 cases of hydatidiform mole and 30 cases of normal villi were studied by immunohistochemical metho	10681785	Human
p16	endometrial hyperplasias (eh)	We analysed p16 gene alteration and p16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), CDK6, cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) expression in ten normal endometriums (PE), 18 endometrial hyperplasias (EH) and 35 endometrial cancers (EC).	10682682	Human
p16	ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas	[A study on P16 and P53 protein expressions in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma] An immunohistochemical method utilizing avidin-biontin complex (ABC) technique was used in this study to detect P16 and P53 protein expressions in 40 ovarian serous cystaden	10683958	Human
p16	serous cystadenomas	[A study on P16 and P53 protein expressions in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma] An immunohistochemical method utilizing avidin-biontin complex (ABC) technique was used in this study to detect P16 and P53 protein expressions in 40 ovarian serous cystaden	10683958	Human
p16	ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	These results suggested that P16 and P53 protein expressions of the ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma might be correlated with human organs, histological type of tumor, cyclin and cyclindependent kinase.	10683958	Human
p16	9l gliosarcoma	We detected homozygous deletions of the p16/Cdkn2a/Ink4a gene locus in 4 of 5 glioma cell lines (C6, F98, RG2, and RGL.3), but not in the 9L gliosarcoma cell line or in a rat primary fibroblast cell line.	10738182	Rat
p16	indolent lymphomas	To determine the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas we have analyzed exon 1beta, 1alpha, and 2 of the INK4a/ARF locus and p53 gene aberrations in 97 tumors previously characterized for p16(INK4a) alterations. p53	10854221	Human
p16	hereditary cancer syndrome	[Mechanism of tumorigenesis caused by tumor suppressor gene] Hereditary cancer syndrome is mainly caused by tumor suppressor genes, such as p53 gene in Li-Fraumeni syndrome and p16 gene in familial melanoma.	10879046	Human
p16	aml	The p16 mRNA expression in 12 AML at diagnosis or relapse was significantly lower than that in 4 long term remission cases and normal controls. p16 mRNA expression was significantly higher in a case of AML with p53 mutation.	10921094	Human
p16	squamous cell lung carcinoma	By increasing the sensitivity of a PCR approach to detect methylated DNA sequences, we now demonstrate that aberrant methylation of the p16 and/or O6-methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase promoters can be detected in DNA from sputum in 100% of patients wit	11085511	Human
p16	leukoplakia	Immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4A) and cyclin D1 expression was performed on 78 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 46 leukoplakia, and 20 normal mucosa.	11098077	Human
p16	leukoplakia	Rb and p16(INK4A) expression were observed in all normal mucosa and most of leukoplakia.	11098077	Human
p16	pancreatic carcinoma	CONCLUSION: The alteration of p16 gene and abnormal expression of P16 protein are significantly correlated with the biological behavior and clinical staging of pancreatic carcinoma and may hence be helpful to prognostication	11110976	Human
p16	medullary thyroid carcinoma	At present, the most useful methods of risk assessment are those performed on the following genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2 especially for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, hMLH1 and hMSH2 for hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer, APC for familial adenom	11205230	Human
p16	pediatric osteosarcomas	Loss of p16(INK4a) expression correlates with decreased survival in pediatric osteosarcomas.	11241308	Human
p16	pediatric osteosarcomas	We examined a series of 38 pediatric osteosarcomas for abnormal expression of pRB, p16(INK4a) and cyclin D1 by immunohistochemical analysis of archival biopsy specimens.	11241308	Human
p16	metastasis	There was an inverse correlation between loss of pRB and p16(INK4a) expression (p = 0.07). pRB and p16(INK4a) abnormalities were independent of site of disease, presence of metastasis at diagnosis and percentage of tumor necrosis in the resection specimen	11241308	Human
p16	tumor necrosis	There was an inverse correlation between loss of pRB and p16(INK4a) expression (p = 0.07). pRB and p16(INK4a) abnormalities were independent of site of disease, presence of metastasis at diagnosis and percentage of tumor necrosis in the resection specimen	11241308	Human
p16	pediatric osteosarcomas	Immunohistochemical analysis of p16(INK4a) expression in pediatric osteosarcomas may be a useful adjunctive marker of prognosis.	11241308	Human
p16	corticotroph adenomas	Staining for p16 was only seen in 5 of 15 (33%) corticotroph, 3 of 13 (23%) somatotroph, 3 of 5 (60%) plurihormonal, and 1 of 19 (5%) null cell adenomas. p16 immunonegativity without CDKN2A methylation or deletion occurred in 22 tumours, including most so	11276008	Human
p16	corticotroph adenomas	The mechanisms of p16 down-regulation probably involve CDKN2A methylation in most types, but remain to be determined in somatotroph and corticotroph adenomas.	11276008	Human
p16	acute promyelocytic leukemia (apl)	PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency of p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and to define its value in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and treatment prognostication.	11283136	Human
p16	mrd	It is possible that p16 methylation is acquired during clonal evolution. p15 methylation is a potential marker of MRD and might be of prognostic significance.	11283136	Human
p16	cin ii	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
p16	intraepithelial neoplasm	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
p16	invasive cervical cancers	In line with this hypothesis, we observed marked overexpression of p16(INK4a) in all cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) I lesions (n = 47) except those associated with low-risk HPV types (n = 7), all CIN II lesions (n = 32), all CIN III lesions (n =	11291057	Human
p16	invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast	Differential expression of p16/p21/p27 and cyclin D1/D3, and their relationships to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumour progression in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.	11329139	Human
p16	uveal melanoma	Treatment of uveal melanoma cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine results in demethylation of p16(INK4a) and in reexpression of p16(INK4a) mRNA, which is maintained upon withdrawal of the 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.	11431374	Human
p16	neurofibroma	CDKN2A germline splicing mutation affecting both p16(ink4) and p14(arf) RNA processing in a melanoma/neurofibroma kindred.	11433531	Human
p16	hcl	The latter DNA probes and probes hybridizing to chromosomal regions, which are frequently deleted in other subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), namely 9p21/ P16(INK4A), 13q14/D13S25, and 17p13/P53 were subsequently applied to all 14 cases of HCL, but	11463458	Human
p16	lymphoid tumors	Interestingly, whereas p53 mutations or loss of heterozygosity did not account for the accelerated development of lymphoid tumors in UV-irradiated p53(+/-) mice, deletions in the p16(INK4a) gene were quite common.	11481437	Mouse
p16	adult acute myeloid leukemia	In this study, we used sodium bisulfite sequencing to obtain a complete map of the 5-methylcytosine status of 80 CpGs covering approximately 900 bp in the 5' p15 CpG island, and 53 CpGs covering approximately 700 bp in the 5' p16 CpG island in t	11532526	Human
p16	hepatic tumor	Resistance of primary cultured mouse hepatic tumor cells to cellular senescence despite expression of p16(Ink4a), p19(Arf), p53, and p21(Waf1/Cip1).	11568971	Mouse
p16	vulvar epidermoid carcinoma	To determine whether this difference can be translated into a therapeutic advantage to protect normal cells from adverse cytotoxicity caused by chemotherapy, we established cell model systems for ecdysone-inducible expression of p16(Ink4a), p21(Waf1), and	11593424	Human
p16	metastatic cancers	Homozygous deletions of the p16 gene were observed in 2 of the 5 primary colorectal carcinomas and in 1 of the matching liver metastatic cancers.	11677769	Human
p16	barrett's esophagus	Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer of which the incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate in Western countries. p16(INK4a) lesions occur frequently in esophageal adenocarcinomas but the	11719461	Human
p16	esophageal adenocarcinoma	We conclude that most Barrett's metaplasia contains genetic and/or epigenetic p16 lesions and has the ability to undergo clonal expansion, creating a field in which other abnormalities can arise that can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma.	11719461	Human
p16	metaplasia	We conclude that most Barrett's metaplasia contains genetic and/or epigenetic p16 lesions and has the ability to undergo clonal expansion, creating a field in which other abnormalities can arise that can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma.	11719461	Human
p16	parotid tumor	CONCLUSIONS: When p16 multiple tumor suppressor gene is lost and oncogene p21 is mutated, the tumor's contiguous acini maybe in the condition of "paraneoplasm" after parotid tumor removal, and it has a strong ability of preliferation, which	11769651	Human
p16	atypical hyperplasia	METHODS: Methylation status of p16 gene was determined by methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes, PCR and p16 mRNA expression was evaluated by RT-PCR in a series of 8 specimens with normal endometrium(NE), 6 with simple and complex hyperplasia(SCH), 6	11778238	Human
p16	sch	In 1 of the 6 AH and 13 of the 38(34.21%) EC, there was methylation of p16 exon 1; 5 of the 6 SCH showed overexpression of p16 mRNA, 4 of the 6 AH and 27 of the 38 (71.05%) EC exhibited decrease or loss of p16 mRNA expression.	11778238	Human
p16	extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas	We investigated their role in the pathogenesis of 9 bile tract cancer cell lines and 21 primary sporadic extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas. p53 and p16 protein expression was examined by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry.	11802210	Human
p16	extrahepatic bile duct cancers	In conclusion, inactivation of the p16 gene is a frequent event in primary sporadic extrahepatic bile duct cancers, 9p21 LOH and promoter hypermethylation being the principal inactivating mechanisms.	11802210	Human
p16	recurrent breast carcinoma	Fourteen patients (12.2%) of 114 patients whose tumors did not show p16 expression died of recurrent breast carcinoma, whereas 18 patients (23.1%) of 78 patients with p16 expressing tumor died during the follow-up period.	11804184	Human
p16	signet ring cell carcinoma	The positive rate of p16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma 10.00% (1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma 51.22% (21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma 57.69% (15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma 62.50% (10/16) (P <	11819820	Human
p16	transitional cell carcinoma of bladder	[Expression of bcl-2 and p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder] OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and MTS1/p16 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder and prognosis.	11831985	Human
p16	bladder cancer	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
p16	transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
p16	agnogenic myeloid metaplasia(amm)	Hypermethylation of p15 and p16 genes was determined in 32 patients with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia(AMM), also known as idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF).	11849214	Human
p16	differentiated carcinoma	The p16 positive rate was negatively correlated to the degree of tumor histological differentiation, and the rate difference between the high differentiated carcinoma and the low differentiated one was significant (P < 0.05). bcl-2 protein positive expres	11853608	Human
p16	endometrioid carcinomas	Endometrioid carcinomas frequently show microsatellite instability (MIN), PTEN and K-ras mutation but infrequently p53 mutations, loss of p16 expression and her2/neu amplification, respectively.	11873308	Human
p16	serous carcinomas	In contrast, serous carcinomas show a high frequency of p53 mutations and often loss of p16 expression whereas MIN and PTEN and K-ras mutations are uncommon.	11873308	Human
p16	atypical endometrial hyperplasia	During the progression of endometrioid carcinoma PTEN mutations and MIN are considered early changes since they are present in a high frequency in atypical endometrial hyperplasia whereas p53 mutations, loss of p16 expression and her2/neu amplification ar	11873308	Human
p16	endometrioid carcinoma	During the progression of endometrioid carcinoma PTEN mutations and MIN are considered early changes since they are present in a high frequency in atypical endometrial hyperplasia whereas p53 mutations, loss of p16 expression and her2/neu amplification ar	11873308	Human
p16	macroglobulinemia	MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methylation status of the p16 gene was analysed in a group of 159 patients with monoclonal gammopathies (40 monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance, eight Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, eight smoldering multiple myeloma	11920239	Human
p16	macroglobulinemia	RESULTS: Forty-one of 98 MM patients (41.8%) as well as four of the five (80%) primary PCL patients showed methylation of the p16 gene, while none of the patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, Waldenström Macroglobulinemia or s	11920239	Human
p16	malignant eyelid tumors	CONCLUSIONS: The expression of the P16 protein was related to the occurrence and degree of differentiation of malignant eyelid tumors.	11930651	Human
p16	invasive ductal adenocarcinoma	Aberrant p16(INK4A) and DPC4/Smad4 expression in intraductal papillary mucinous tumours of the pancreas is associated with invasive ductal adenocarcinoma.	12010891	Human
p16	angiosarcomas	In vivo, mice doubly deficient for p16(INK4a) and p53 showed an increased rate of tumor formation with particular susceptibility to aggressive angiosarcomas.	12019151	Mouse
p16	relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Deletion analysis of p16(INKa) and p15(INKb) in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	12036898	Human
p16	teratomas	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
p16	yolk sac tumor	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
p16	liver tumor	On the other hand, circulating liver tumor DNA such as p16 and p15 methylation and mitochondrial mutations in the plasma and serum of liver cancer patients might be useful for monitoring, similar to the tumor markers.	12094698	Human
p16	thyroid tumors	Additionally, we analyzed the methylation frequency of the CpG island of cell cycle inhibitor p16(INK4a) in the same thyroid tumors.	12097277	Human
p16	hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
p16	hereditary pancreatic cancer	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
p16	inherited cancer syndromes	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
p16	polyposis	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
p16	nerve sheath tumors	Hemizygous or homozygous p16 deletions were detected in 75% of MPNSTs, but not in benign nerve sheath tumors (p < 0.001).	12152785	Human
p16	idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	MYCL1, FHIT, SPARC, p16(INK4) and TP53 genes associated to lung cancer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	12169206	Human
p16	oral cancer	We reported previously that acquisition of the immortal phenotype is an early event in oral cancer development (F. McGregor et al., Cancer Res., 57: 3886-3889, 1997); our current data indicate that about half of oral dysplasia cultures are immortal, and t	12183435	Human
p16	mds	We examined p15 and p16 methylation status in bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients with high-risk MDS during treatment with decitabine, using a methylation-sensitive primer extension assay (Ms-SNuPE) to quantitate methylation, and denaturing gradie	12351408	Human
p16	pleomorphic adenomas	To study the contribution of each pathway in pleomorphic adenomas, this study analysed alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p53, and pRb in these tumours.	12375265	Human
p16	liver angiosarcoma	Alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INKa), and p53 in primary liver angiosarcoma from 19 patients were analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction (RE-PCR), microsatellite analysis, and D	12378512	Human
p16	common neoplasms	Loss of p16(INK4a) expression has also been frequently observed in more common neoplasms such as lung cancer as well.	12399123	Human
p16	mesothelioma	This methylation in these mesothelioma cells could be reversed, resulting in re-expression of p16(INK4a) protein, following the treatment of the cells with cytidine analogs, which are known inhibitors of DNA methylation.	12399123	Human
p16	lobular carcinomas	Oestrogen and progesterone receptors, tumour proliferative activity, the expression of cyclin A, p16(ink4A), p27(kip1), p21(waf1), p53, bcl-2, and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) were evaluated	12402149	Human
p16	human erythroleukemia	Changes of biophysical behavior of k562 cells for p16 gene transfer. p16 gene was transferred into human erythroleukemia cell line K562 that had been subjected to p16 deletion.	12454374	Human
p16	vulvar carcinoma	Alterations of the p16/Rb/cyclin-D1 pathway in vulvar carcinoma, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and lichen sclerosus.	12454817	Human
p16	vulvar carcinoma (vc)	Three different alterations in the p16/pRb/cyclin-D1 pathway (p16(INK4a)-promoter hypermethylation and expression of pRb and cyclin-D1) were investigated in a series of 38 cases of vulvar carcinoma (VC), 13 cases of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN),	12454817	Human
p16	oral cancer	In an attempt to model oral cancer in a human cell-based system, we analyzed normal oral epithelial keratinocytes with the pRB pathway dysregulated by loss of expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 4/cdk6 inhibitor p16(INK4A) and/or ectopic expre	12543805	Human
p16	cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia	A total of 45 surgical specimens, including 18 cases of invasive carcinoma, 8 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ, 4 cases of endocervical glandular atypia (cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia), and 15 reactive lesions of the endocervical glands were	12548164	Human
p16	large cell carcinoma	METHODS: p16 and p53 expression were detected by immunohistochemical analysis of 90 paraffin specimens of resected NSCLC, including 35 squamous cell carcinoma, 47 adenocarcinoma, and eight large cell carcinoma, between stages I and IV.	12559346	Human
p16	mouse tumor	Recent evidence emerging from mouse tumor models distinguishes the activities of p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) in regulating tumor onset and identifies differences in their responsiveness to drugs.	12573439	Mouse
p16	aggressive fibromatosis	Importantly, exogenous p16(INK4a) introduced by cotransfection is sufficient to reduce GR activity in FS cells, without affecting GR activity in p16-positive aggressive fibromatosis cells.	12624188	Human
p16	adenoid cystic carcinoma	Expression of p16 protein and hypermethylation status of its promoter gene in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck.	12624503	Human
p16	adenoid cystic carcinomas (acc)	To explore the role of p16 in the biological behavior of adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), we investigated the immunohistochemical expression of p16 protein in 38 ACC tumors (32 primary, 3 recurrent, and 3 metastatic tumors) and the methylation status of i	12624503	Human
p16	atypical adenomatous hyperplasia	In the case of adenocarcinoma, we investigated the utility of hnRNP B1 for both detection of early adenocarcinoma and discrimination of non-invasive lesion, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) from adenocarcinoma. hnRNP B1, cyclin D1, p16, and Ki-67 we	12660006	Human
p16	liver tumors	Additionally, we analysed the methylation status of p16(INK4a) and other cancer-related genes in the same liver tumors.	12660822	Human
p16	hca	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that RASSF1A and p16(INK4a) inactivation by methylation are frequent events in hepatocellular carcinoma, but not in HCA, which is in contrast to HCC without cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, storage diseases, or genetic ba	12660822	Human
p16	gastric adenoma (ga)	Five different classes of methylation behaviors were found: (a). genes methylated in GC only (GSTP1 and RASSF1A), (b). genes showing low methylation frequency (<12%) in CG, IM, and gastric adenoma (GA) but significantly higher methylation frequency in GC	12695555	Human
p16	basal cell carcinoma	Invade or proliferate? Two contrasting events in malignant behavior governed by p16(INK4a) and an intact Rb pathway illustrated by a model system of basal cell carcinoma.	12702553	Human
p16	basal cell carcinomas	Using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting of microdissected parts of basal cell carcinomas, we showed that p16(INK4a) was up-regulated at the invasive front of the majority of basal cell carcinomas with infiltrative growth patterns, followed by ceas	12702553	Human
p16	laryngeal papilloma (alp)	METHODS: HPV consensus primers direct in situ polymerase chain reaction (ISPCR) and immunohistochemical method were applied to detect the presence of HPV genomes (1, 6, 8, 11, 13, 16, 18, 30, 31, 32, 33, 45, 51) and the expression of p16 protein respectiv	12761910	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors	Additionally, we analysed the aberrant methylation frequency of cell cycle inhibitor p16(INK4a) and K-ras gene mutations in the pancreatic samples. p16 inactivation was detected in 43% of adenocarcinomas, in 17% of neuroendocrine tumors, in 18% of pancrea	12802288	Human
p16	tonsil cancers	In our study 86 tonsil cancers were analysed for HPV status by sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction products and for the expression of cell cycle proteins (p53, p21(CIP1/WAF1), pRb, p16(INK4A), cyclin D1 and p27(KIP1)) by immunohistochemistry.	12845651	Human
p16	hepatitis b virus related hepatocellular carcinoma	[Effect of p16 gene on carcinogenesis of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between p16 gene expression and the carcinogenesis and progress of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma	12921565	Human
p16	sporadic breast cancer	[Abnormal methylation of several tumor suppressor genes in sporadic breast cancer] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the RB1, p16/CDKN2A, p15/CDKN2B, p14/ARF, CDH1, MGMT, HIC1, and N33 promoter	12942643	Human
p16	tumors	Our results suggest that abnormal expression of the p16 and/or p14ARF may be associated with a poor prognosis in these 3 tumors.	12963998	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix	Carcinogenesis of cervical cancer has been investigated, and p16(INK4a) overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix has been reported as a result of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) (eg, HPV 16), and the consequence of the retinoblastom	14506638	Human
p16	small cell carcinoma of the cervix	However, to our knowledge, there have been no studies on the relation between p16(INK4a) overexpression associated with HPV and small cell carcinoma of the cervix, which behaves more aggressively clinically than squamous cell carcinoma.	14506638	Human
p16	tongue neoplasms	[Expression of p15 and p16 proteins in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and their significances] BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Abnormal expression of p15 and p16 were commonly found in many kinds of primary tumors, but the possible correlation between p15 and p16	14613656	Human
p16	tongue squamous cell carcinoma	This study was designed to investigate the expression of p15 and p16 proteins and their possible correlation with clinicopathology and prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).	14613656	Human
p16	papillomatosis	METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the protein expression of CyclinD1, p16, E2F-1 and Rb in 4 groups (196 cases) with mild papillomatosis (MP), moderate papillomatosis (MoP), serious papillomatosis (SP) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).	14642081	Human
p16	schwannomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the DNA methylation status of 12 tumor-related genes (NF2, RB1, p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase-8, TP53, and GSTP1) in 44 sporadic and/or NF2-associated schwannomas using methylation-specific	14654541	Human
p16	head and neck carcinomas	Due to heterozygous p16-Leiden constitution, our proband with multiple head and neck carcinomas was a suitable model for studying the type of p16 inactivation according to the Knudson-two-hit model.	14740307	Human
p16	adenoid cystic carcinoma (acc)	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (cepa)	Samples of NSG, pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC), malignant myoepithelioma (MEM), carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA), and polymorphous, low-grade adenoc	14747065	Human
p16	gallbladder tumors	RESULTS: p16 gene alterations including silent mutations were present in 61.8% gallbladder cancers, 54.5% bile duct cancers, and 70.6% ampullary cancers. p16 gene nonsilent mutations, p16 methylation, and loss of chromosome 9p21-22 that targets p14, p15,	15014024	Human
p16	corticotroph adenomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tissue from 31 corticotroph adenomas and 16 nonadenomatous pituitaries were subject to methylation-sensitive PCR to determine the methylation status of the p16 gene CpG island.	15014032	Human
p16	laryngeal cancer	Our purpose was to investigate 9p21 LOH and expression of p16 protein and their possible prognostic value in laryngeal cancer.	15101277	Human
p16	transitional cell carcinomas (tcc)	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
p16	cysts	Immunohistochemical staining was performed for p16(INK4a) and pRb in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the uterine cervix using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. p16(INK4a) staining was detected in 7 of 108 sections (6.5%) of normal	15188135	Human
p16	malignant salivary gland tumors	Positive rate of P16 protein expression was 76.9% (10/13) and 40.9% (9/22) in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors, respectively.	15190803	Human
p16	salivary gland tumors	There was no correlation of the expression of P16 and nm23 in salivary gland tumors was found (P > 0.05).	15190803	Human
p16	malignant salivary gland tumors	CONCLUSION: p16 and nm23 genes may play an important role in different sides in salivary gland tumorigenesis and the reduce of the expression of p16 and nm23 genes may contribute to the generation of malignant salivary gland tumors.	15190803	Human
p16	keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma	In contrast, p16 was almost consistently negative in normal skin, squamous cell hyperplasia (0/20), lichen sclerosus (0/19), differentiated (simplex) VIN3 (0/11), verrucous carcinoma (0/2), and keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (3/33, 9%).	15213596	Human
p16	verrucous carcinoma	In contrast, p16 was almost consistently negative in normal skin, squamous cell hyperplasia (0/20), lichen sclerosus (0/19), differentiated (simplex) VIN3 (0/11), verrucous carcinoma (0/2), and keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (3/33, 9%).	15213596	Human
p16	keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas	One of the keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas positive for p16 occurred in a 25-year-old woman and the other two were associated with small foci of basaloid VIN3 adjacent to the tumor, suggesting a probable relationship with HPV. p16 was positive in 6	15213596	Human
p16	non-small cell carcinomas	In two additional cases originally interpreted as small cell carcinoma, high molecular weight keratin highlighted small numbers of neoplastic large cells, leading to reclassification as combined small cell and non-small cell carcinomas. p16(INK4A) express	15309021	Human
p16	chl	The aim of the present study was to assess expression of cyclin D2, Ki67, cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin E, p53, Rb, p16 and p27 proteins in order to gain further insight into the proliferation profile of cHL.	15354186	Human
p16	cervical cancer	The present data confirm the role of p16(INK4A) as a highly specific marker of CIN and HR-HPV type, but expression of this protein does not seem to be of any prognostic value in cervical cancer or in predicting the clearance of HR-HPV after treatment of C	15381905	Human
p16	cin	The present data confirm the role of p16(INK4A) as a highly specific marker of CIN and HR-HPV type, but expression of this protein does not seem to be of any prognostic value in cervical cancer or in predicting the clearance of HR-HPV after treatment of C	15381905	Human
p16	fundic gland polyps (fgps)	We studied methylation of 2 tumor suppressor genes (p14, p16) and 4 MINT (methylated in tumor) clones (MINT1, MINT2, MINT25, MINT31) among 51 fundic gland polyps (FGPs) and 27 normal gastric body biopsy samples using bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA fol	15491970	Human
p16	hydatidiform mole	Among the six genes examined, the promoter region of four genes (E-cadherin, HIC-1, p16, TIMP3) in choriocarcinoma and three genes (E-cadherin, HIC-1, p16) in hydatidiform mole exhibited aberrant methylation whereas none was hypermethylated in normal plac	15507671	Human
p16	soft tissue sarcomas (stss)	In this study, the methylation status of RASSF1A, p16, MLH1, MSH2 and ERalpha was investigated in 84 primary soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), including 22 liposarcomas, 18 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFHs), 18 leiomyosarcomas, 6 rhabdomyosarcomas, 6 neur	15551306	Human
p16	fibroadenoma	The potential role of p16(INK4a) methylation in breast cancer is controversial whereas there are no data on fibroadenoma.	15578730	Human
p16	fibroadenoma	To assess if inactivation of p16(INK4a) by promoter hypermethylation occurs in this hyperproliferative benign breast lesion or, on the contrary, it is strictly related to the carcinogenic process, we have tested the different histological components of 15	15578730	Human
p16	lung adenocarcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant methylation of the promoter region of the p16 gene and loss of expression of its product were in accord with the multistep progression of peripheral-type lung adenocarcinoma, and these alterations were associated closely with poor pr	15612080	Human
p16	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	[Abnormal methylation of p16/CDKN2A AND p14/ARF genes GpG Islands in non-small cell lung cancer and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR and methylation-specific PCR were employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands	15612580	Human
p16	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	High level of the p16/CDKN2A first exon CpC island methylation was revealed in non-small cell lung cancer (68%) and in acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (55%) and the CpG island of p14/ARF first exon was nonmethylated in these types of tumors.	15612580	Human
p16	benign prostatic hyperplasias (bph)	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
p16	gallbladder adenocarcinomas	RESULTS: Of 38 gallbladder adenocarcinomas analyzed by IHC, 11 cases (29%) were negative for p16 protein.	15693199	Human
p16	polyposis	BRAF mutation status in patients with multiple/large HPs and/or hyperplastic polyposis correlated with HPs from the same patient (odds ratio, 5.8; P = 0.0002) but associated with younger age (odds ratio, 0.83; P = 0.006 compared to older age), with a larg	15793287	Human
p16	colon cancer	Loss of MGMT protein expression was associated with the MSI-L phenotype but was not a prognostic factor for overall survival in colon cancer. p16 methylation was significantly less frequent in MSI-L than in MSI-H and MSS tumors and was not associated with	15800322	Human
p16	tumors	Loss of MGMT protein expression was associated with the MSI-L phenotype but was not a prognostic factor for overall survival in colon cancer. p16 methylation was significantly less frequent in MSI-L than in MSI-H and MSS tumors and was not associated with	15800322	Human
p16	signet ring cell carcinoma	The positive rate of P16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma (10%, 1/10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (51%, 21/41), undifferentiated carcinoma (58%, 15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma (62%, 10/16) (P<0.05).	15818729	Human
p16	leukoplakia	[The p16 methylation in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To investigate p16 gene methylation in normal mucosa, leukoplakia with hyperplasia and dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.	15842853	Human
p16	vin 3	RESULTS: p16(INK4a) immunoreactivity was different in VIN 1, VIN 2, VIN 3, and squamous cell carcinoma.	15870532	Human
p16	vin 3	Strong expression of p16(INK4a) protein was observed in 92% (22 of 24) of VIN 2 and VIN 3 lesions and 100% (4 of 4) of invasive SCCs.	15870532	Human
p16	condyloma acuminatum	No p16(INK4a) immunoreactivity was observed in any of the benign/reactive and condyloma acuminatum lesions.	15870532	Human
p16	condyloma acuminatum	CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of INK4a gene occurs in vulvar carcinogenesis. p16(INK4a) is not a sensitive marker for differentiation of benign vulvar squamous epithelium from condyloma acuminatum or VIN 1 lesions because most VIN 1 lesions are p16(INK4a) neg	15870532	Human
p16	cervical polyp	METHODS: A total of 188 consecutive and unselected colposcopically directed cervical biopsies and a single contemporaneous cervical polyp were accessioned prospectively over a 3-month period, step-serially sectioned and examined by H&E and immunostained f	16028838	Human
p16	cervical polyp	Diffuse strong parabasal immunostaining for p16(INK4a), suggestive of integrated high-risk HPV DNA into the host genome, was observed in 81 biopsies (42.9%, including the cervical polyp) and correlated (>90%) with HGSIL in the H&E sections.	16028838	Human
p16	immunoblastic lymphoma	Current data indicate that the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to a large-cell or immunoblastic lymphoma is associated with abnormalities in cell cycle regulation (e.g., loss of the cell cycle inhibitors p16(INK4a) and p27(KIP1) ) and DNA r	16053658	Human
p16	chronic myelomonocytic leukemias (cmml)	To determine whether genetic alterations of p16 and p27 genes play an important role in MDS pathogenesis, we examined DNA from 51 patients classified as 17 refractory anemias (RA), four refractory anemias with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 19 refractory ane	16104874	Human
p16	nodular melanoma	To evaluate the importance of ID1 in malignant melanoma, tumour cell expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 119 cases of nodular melanoma using tissue microarray technique, and related to multiple tumour markers including proliferation, p16 ex	16189525	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva	Expression of cell cycle-regulatory proteins, MIB-1, p16, p53, and p63, in squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva: not associated with human papillomavirus infection.	16328355	Human
p16	keratoacanthoma	Further, the loss of MMP-19 and p16 could aid in making the differential diagnosis between well-differentiated SCC and keratoacanthoma.	16699496	Human
p16	verrucous carcinoma	METHODS: Promoter hypermethylation status of p16 and MGMT genes were examined by the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in OSCC (n = 51), verrucous carcinoma (n = 2), and carcinoma in situ (n = 2) tissues.	16791592	Human
p16	invasive ductal carcinomas (idcs)	MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the biological importance of 14-3-3 sigma expression in pancreatic carcinogenesis, immunohistochemistry for 14-3-3 sigma, CDX2, MUC1, MUC2, p53, p16 and Ki-67 was carried out on 33 IPMTs and the results were compared wit	16886641	Human
p16	bowenoid papulosis	Expression of p16 and hTERT protein is associated with the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus in Bowenoid papulosis.	16919029	Human
p16	bowenoid papulosis (bp)	The expression of p16 and hTERT protein in Bowenoid papulosis (BP) has not been studied.	16919029	Human
cdk4i	squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx	p16MTS1/CDK4I mutations and concomitant loss of heterozygosity at 9p21-23 are frequent events in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.	9333020	Human
cdk4i	squamous cell carcinomas of larynx	These findings indicate that p16MTS1/CDK4I is frequently inactivated by gene mutation, hypermethylation, and allelic deletions in a significant subset of squamous cell carcinomas of larynx.	9333020	Human
multiple tumor suppressor 1	central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor	The multiple tumor suppressor 1/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 gene in human central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumor.	7791990	Human
arf	indolent lymphomas	To determine the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas we have analyzed exon 1beta, 1alpha, and 2 of the INK4a/ARF locus and p53 gene aberrations in 97 tumors previously characterized for p16(INK4a) alterations. p53	10854221	Human
arf	aggressive lymphomas	Aggressive lymphomas with p14(ARF) inactivation and p53 wild type showed a significantly lower p53 protein expression than tumors with no alteration in any of these genes.	10854221	Human
arf	neurofibroma	CDKN2A germline splicing mutation affecting both p16(ink4) and p14(arf) RNA processing in a melanoma/neurofibroma kindred.	11433531	Human
arf	chondrosarcoma	Changes in p14(ARF) do not play a primary role in human chondrosarcoma tissues.	11477582	Human
arf	chondrosarcoma	In this study, the first unique exon, exon 1 beta, of p14(ARF), has been studied in 22 chondrosarcoma tissues using polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction.	11477582	Human
arf	anaplastic meningiomas	Alterations of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A (p16(INK4a)), p14(ARF), CDKN2B (p15(INK4b)), and CDKN2C (p18(INK4c)) in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.	11485924	Human
arf	atypical meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
arf	benign meningiomas	We investigated 67 meningothelial tumors (20 benign meningiomas, 34 atypical meningiomas, and 13 anaplastic meningiomas) for losses of genetic information from chromosome arms 1p and 9p, as well as for deletion, mutation, and expression of the tumor suppr	11485924	Human
arf	benign meningioma	One anaplastic meningioma, three atypical meningiomas, and one benign meningioma without a demonstrated homozygous deletion or mutation of CDKN2A, p14(ARF), or CDKN2B lacked detectable transcripts from at least one of these genes.	11485924	Human
arf	hepatic tumor	Resistance of primary cultured mouse hepatic tumor cells to cellular senescence despite expression of p16(Ink4a), p19(Arf), p53, and p21(Waf1/Cip1).	11568971	Mouse
arf	primary central nervous system lymphoma	Homozygous deletion of INK4a/ARF genes and overexpression of bcl-2 in relation with poor prognosis in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma of the diffuse large B-cell type.	11804283	Human
arf	endometrial hyperplasia	Ink4a/Arf deficiency reduced tumor-free survival and shortened the latency of neoplasias associated with Pten heterozygosity, specifically pheochromocytoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and endometrial hyperplasia.	11818530	Mouse
arf	prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia	Ink4a/Arf deficiency reduced tumor-free survival and shortened the latency of neoplasias associated with Pten heterozygosity, specifically pheochromocytoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and endometrial hyperplasia.	11818530	Mouse
arf	common tumor	p14(ARF) nuclear overexpression in aggressive B-cell lymphomas is a sensor of malfunction of the common tumor suppressor pathways. p14(ARF), the alternative product from the human INK4a/ARF locus, antagonizes Hdm2 and mediates p53 activation in response t	11830494	Human
arf	breast tumors	Several disease-implicated regulators of p19(ARF) are known to date, among which are the T-box genes TBX2, which resides on an amplicon in primary breast tumors, and TBX3, which is mutated in the human developmental disorder Ulnar-Mammary syndrome.	12000749	Human
arf	myeloproliferative disorders	A broad spectrum of tumor suppressor gene alterations do occur in hematological malignancies, especially structural alterations of p15(INK4A), p15(INK4B) and p14(ARF) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia as well as methylation of these genes in several myelopr	12032783	Human
arf	neurofibromatosis	The tumor types observed were characteristic of p19(ARF) null animals, not those associated with neurofibromatosis or those observed with NF1(+/-)/p53(+/-) mice.	12118376	Mouse
arf	primary carcinomas	RESULTS: Altogether inactivation (methylation, loss of heterozygosity and mutation of exon 1beta) of p14(ARF) was found in 29 of all 68 (43%) carcinomas, with a significant difference in primary [8 of 29 (28%)] relative to second primary carcinomas [21 of	12189502	Human
arf	recurrent carcinomas	Mutations of p53 were found in 32 of 68 HNSCCs (44%), evenly distributed among primary and recurrent carcinomas. p14(ARF) alterations showed no relationship to p53 mutations.	12189502	Human
arf	recurrent carcinomas	The significantly higher rate of p14(ARF) alterations in recurrent (respective second primary) carcinomas suggests a further acquired genetic aberration during the development of the recurrent carcinomas.	12189502	Human
arf	liver angiosarcoma	Alterations of p14(ARF), p16(INKa), and p53 in primary liver angiosarcoma from 19 patients were analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction (RE-PCR), microsatellite analysis, and D	12378512	Human
arf	mouse tumor	Recent evidence emerging from mouse tumor models distinguishes the activities of p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) in regulating tumor onset and identifies differences in their responsiveness to drugs.	12573439	Mouse
arf	sporadic breast cancer	[Abnormal methylation of several tumor suppressor genes in sporadic breast cancer] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the RB1, p16/CDKN2A, p15/CDKN2B, p14/ARF, CDH1, MGMT, HIC1, and N33 promoter	12942643	Human
arf	schwannomas	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined the DNA methylation status of 12 tumor-related genes (NF2, RB1, p14(ARF), p16(INK4a), p73, TIMP-3, MGMT, DAPK, THBS1, caspase-8, TP53, and GSTP1) in 44 sporadic and/or NF2-associated schwannomas using methylation-specific	14654541	Human
arf	mec	Late-passage hTERT-immortalized MEC express p53 but down-regulate p14(ARF).	14966292	Human
arf	benign meningiomas	We found methylation of p14(ARF) gene in five of 58 cases of benign meningiomas (8.6%), two of 10 cases of atypical meningiomas (20%), and two of four cases of anaplastic meningiomas (50%).	15073599	Human
arf	odontogenic tumors	BACKGROUND: To clarify the roles of the p53-MDM2-p14(ARF) cell cycle regulation system in oncogenesis and cytodifferentiation of odontogenic tumors, p53 gene status and expression of p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) proteins was analyzed in ameloblastomas as well	15078490	Human
arf	ameloblastoma	Markedly decreased reactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) was detected in keratinizing and granular cells in ameloblastoma subtypes.	15078490	Human
arf	ameloblastoma	Basal cell ameloblastoma showed slightly higher reactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) as compared with other subtypes.	15078490	Human
arf	ameloblastoma	Immunoreactivity for p53, MDM2, and p14(ARF) in ameloblastoma variants suggests that these factors might be associated with tissue structuring and cytodifferentiation of ameloblastomas.	15078490	Human
arf	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	[Abnormal methylation of p16/CDKN2A AND p14/ARF genes GpG Islands in non-small cell lung cancer and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR and methylation-specific PCR were employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands	15612580	Human
arf	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	High level of the p16/CDKN2A first exon CpC island methylation was revealed in non-small cell lung cancer (68%) and in acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (55%) and the CpG island of p14/ARF first exon was nonmethylated in these types of tumors.	15612580	Human
arf	benign prostatic hyperplasias (bph)	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
arf	salivary gland carcinomas (sgcs)	As combinations of genetic and/or epigenetic alterations occurring during salivary gland carcinogenesis are largely unknown, we here analyzed 36 salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) for changes in INK4a/ARF, RB1, p21, p27, PTEN, p53, MDM2 and O6-MGMT genes us	15695118	Human
arf	mcl	To determine the role of these genes in MCL, we have examined their gene status and expression and their relationship to INK4a/ARF and p53 gene aberrations in 69 tumors.	15781632	Human
arf	scc of the tongue	CONCLUSIONS: These data show that in patients with SCC of the tongue, combined nuclear and nucleolar expression of p14(ARF) protein predicts for improved DFS and OS independent of established prognostic markers.	15930346	Human
arf	immunoblastic lymphoma	Current data indicate that the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia to a large-cell or immunoblastic lymphoma is associated with abnormalities in cell cycle regulation (e.g., loss of the cell cycle inhibitors p16(INK4a) and p27(KIP1) ) and DNA r	16053658	Human
ink4	spindle cell tumor	Gene deletion of the INK4 locus is associated with transformation to a highly invasive spindle cell tumor phenotype.	10341708	Human
ink4	basaloid carcinomas	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
ink4	nsclc	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
ink4	squamous cell carcinomas	In order to assess the frequency and the prognostic value of these abnormalities in NSCLC, immunohistochemical analysis of Rb, p16(INK4), and cyclin D1 has been performed on 168 cases of NSCLC including 77 squamous cell carcinomas, 43 adenocarcinomas, and	10440744	Human
ink4	testicular germ-cell tumours	Lack of p19INK4d in human testicular germ-cell tumours contrasts with high expression during normal spermatogenesis. p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, negatively regulates the proto-oncogenic cyclin D/CDK4(6) com	10962575	Human
ink4	neurofibroma	CDKN2A germline splicing mutation affecting both p16(ink4) and p14(arf) RNA processing in a melanoma/neurofibroma kindred.	11433531	Human
ink4	idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	MYCL1, FHIT, SPARC, p16(INK4) and TP53 genes associated to lung cancer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.	12169206	Human
ink4	ovarian granulosa cell tumors	Evidence of a role for the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in ovarian granulosa cell tumors.	12203782	Human
cdkn2a	plasmacytoma	Cdkn2a, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor encoding p16INK4a and p19ARF, is a candidate for the plasmacytoma susceptibility locus, Pctr1.	9482902	Mouse
cdkn2a	soft tissue tumors	Gene alterations at the CDKN2A (p16/MTS1) locus in soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
cdkn2a	soft tissue tumors	Presumably, alterations of the CDKN2A gene do not contribute to the oncogenesis in the majority of soft tissue tumors.	9664128	Human
cdkn2a	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (oscc)	Loss of CDKN2A expression was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in 87% of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) primary tumor samples.	10221335	Human
cdkn2a	corticotroph adenomas	Homozygous CDKN2A deletion was restricted to rare somatotroph (15%) and corticotroph adenomas (13%).	11276008	Human
cdkn2a	corticotroph adenomas	Staining for p16 was only seen in 5 of 15 (33%) corticotroph, 3 of 13 (23%) somatotroph, 3 of 5 (60%) plurihormonal, and 1 of 19 (5%) null cell adenomas. p16 immunonegativity without CDKN2A methylation or deletion occurred in 22 tumours, including most so	11276008	Human
cdkn2a	corticotroph adenomas	The mechanisms of p16 down-regulation probably involve CDKN2A methylation in most types, but remain to be determined in somatotroph and corticotroph adenomas.	11276008	Human
cdkn2a	oral carcinomas	In this longitudinal study, we examined changes in the CDKN2A gene locus in sequential epithelial dysplasias and oral carcinomas from 11 patients.	11289098	Human
cdkn2a	teratomas	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
cdkn2a	yolk sac tumor	Twenty-five primary intracranial germ cell tumors (11 germinomas, 5 teratomas, 5 mixed teratomas-germinomas. 1 mixed choriocarcinoma-teratoma, 1 yolk sac tumor, 1 mixed yolk sac tumor-teratoma, and 1embryonal carcinoma; from 24 males and 1 female) were st	12071636	Human
cdkn2a	hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
cdkn2a	hereditary pancreatic cancer	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
cdkn2a	inherited cancer syndromes	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
cdkn2a	polyposis	Hereditary pancreatic cancer. Hereditary pancreatic cancer (PC) appears to be exceedingly heterogeneous, as evidenced by its association with a variety of integrally associated diverse cancers and/or differing mendelian inherited cancer syndromes, which i	12120226	Human
cdkn2a	metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma	RESULTS: Sequence analysis confirmed a CDKN2A mutation, and immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed the diagnoses of metastatic melanoma and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.	12925390	Human
cdkn2a	sporadic breast cancer	[Abnormal methylation of several tumor suppressor genes in sporadic breast cancer] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the RB1, p16/CDKN2A, p15/CDKN2B, p14/ARF, CDH1, MGMT, HIC1, and N33 promoter	12942643	Human
cdkn2a	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	[Abnormal methylation of p16/CDKN2A AND p14/ARF genes GpG Islands in non-small cell lung cancer and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia] Multiplex methylation-sensitive PCR and methylation-specific PCR were employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands	15612580	Human
cdkn2a	b-cell lymphoblastic leukemia	High level of the p16/CDKN2A first exon CpC island methylation was revealed in non-small cell lung cancer (68%) and in acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (55%) and the CpG island of p14/ARF first exon was nonmethylated in these types of tumors.	15612580	Human
cdkn2a	benign prostatic hyperplasias (bph)	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We surveyed nine gene promoters (GSTP1, MGMT, p14/ARF, p16/CDKN2A, RASSF1A, APC, TIMP3, S100A2, and CRBP1) by QMSP in tissue DNA from 118 prostate carcinomas, 38 paired high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN), and 30 b	15623627	Human
cdkn2a	gallbladder adenocarcinomas	MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed the methylation status of the promoter region of the CDKN2A gene in gallbladder adenocarcinomas using methylation specific PCR (MSP).	15693199	Human
cdkn2a	gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist)	PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to examine the prognostic relevance of the CDKN2A tumor suppressor pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).	16166437	Human
p16ink4a	erythroleukemia	In mouse MEL erythroleukemia cells, p16INK4a associates preferentially with cdk6 under conditions where cdk4 and cdk6 are coexpressed at equivalent levels.	7651726	Mouse
p16ink4a	hairy cell leukemia (hcl)	We analyzed p16INK4A and p15INK4B genes in 178 cases of primary leukemias including 81 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), seven of hairy cell leukemia (HCL), seven of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), 43 of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), 27	7795238	Human
p16ink4a	childhood rhabdomyosarcoma	Analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes (CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN2C) in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. p16INK4A, p15INK4B, and p18 proteins are highly specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent serine/threonine kinase (CDK) activities required for G	8703847	Human
p16ink4a	childhood rhabdomyosarcoma	Our results strongly indicate that the p16INK4A (and/or p15INK4B) protein plays a key role in the development and/or progression of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma and suggest that this CDK-inhibitor protein might control proliferation and/or differentiation o	8703847	Human
p16ink4a	thymoma	However, inactivation of p16INK4A and RB may play a role in the progression of thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
p16ink4a	plasmacytoma	Cdkn2a, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor encoding p16INK4a and p19ARF, is a candidate for the plasmacytoma susceptibility locus, Pctr1.	9482902	Mouse
p16ink4a	cml	In this disease p53, p16INK4A, p15INK4B, p57KIP2 mutations and p15INK4B/p16INK4A homo/hemizygous deletions were analyzed in the initial diagnosis phase and during the treatment phase of twelve CML cases, in order to establish whether there was a consisten	10069444	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue	These data indicate that cyclin D1 overexpression and loss of p16INK4A expression predict early relapse and reduced survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue.	10537346	Human
p16ink4a	anaplasia	P16INK4a expression was not related to anaplasia in oligodendrogliomas and ependymomas.	10564531	Human
p16ink4a	thymic lymphomas (tls)	Frequent chromosome 4 LOH in mouse radiation-induced (C57BL/6 x RF/J) thymic lymphomas (TLs) is associated with promoter/exon 1 region hypermethylation of the remaining p15INK4b and p16INK4a alleles, so this may be common to mouse radiation myeloid and ly	10602427	Mouse
p16ink4a	colorectal adenomas	In primary colorectal carcinomas, p14ARF promoter hypermethylation was found in 31 of 110 (28%) of the tumors and observed in 13 of 41 (32%) colorectal adenomas but was not present in any normal tissues. p14ARF methylation appears in the context of an adj	10646864	Human
p16ink4a	adenoid cystic carcinomas (acc)	In this study, the expressions of Rb, p16INK4A, and cyclin D1 alternations were analyzed by immunohistochemical assay in 5 specimens of normal salivary glands and twenty-two cases of adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC).	10928172	Human
p16ink4a	aggressive lymphomas	For the aggressive lymphomas, the Kaplan-Meier estimate of overall survival for cases with disruption of either p16INK4a or the ARF-p53 pathway was not different from cases with retention of both pathways (5 year survival 45% vs 35%; P= 0.85), suggesting	11021747	Human
p16ink4a	skin tumors	In skin tumors from (XP) patients, p16INK4a UV induced mutations occur more frequently, are often multiple, and significantly associated with the presence of p53 mutations.	11741799	Human
p16ink4a	agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (amm)	Hypermethylation of the P15INK4b and P16INK4a in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) and AMM in leukaemic transformation.	11849214	Human
p16ink4a	primary effusion lymphoma	p16INK4a loss and sensitivity in KSHV associated primary effusion lymphoma.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	pel	To address this we investigated whether KSHV associated primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) derived cell lines are resistant to growth inhibition by p16INK4a.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	primary effusion lymphoma	To address this we investigated whether KSHV associated primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) derived cell lines are resistant to growth inhibition by p16INK4a.	11896614	Human
p16ink4a	salivary gland carcinomas	Alterations of p14ARF and p16INK4a genes in salivary gland carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p16ink4a	adenoid cystic carcinomas	A total of 5 (14%) SGCs demonstrated homozygous deletion (1 case) or methylation (4 cases) of p16INK4a, all but one being adenoid cystic carcinomas.	12684623	Human
p16ink4a	seminomas	To improve understanding of the role of this pathway in spermatogenesis, and its subversion in TGCTs, we examined immunohistochemical expression patterns of CDK4, p16INK4a, p15INK4b, and pRB, and established an in situ assay for cyclin D-mediated phosphor	12754735	Human
p16ink4a	teratomas	To improve understanding of the role of this pathway in spermatogenesis, and its subversion in TGCTs, we examined immunohistochemical expression patterns of CDK4, p16INK4a, p15INK4b, and pRB, and established an in situ assay for cyclin D-mediated phosphor	12754735	Human
p16ink4a	uterine tumors	An allelic loss was detected in 12 of 50 (24%) carcinomas with a higher incidence in advanced endometrial carcinomas than in early-stage uterine tumors. p16INK4A alterations were generally accompanied by gene silencing, confirmed by aberrant protein immun	12920579	Human
p16ink4a	undifferentiated carcinomas	The p16INK4A promotor status was compared with p16INK4A protein expression and patient-specific data. p16INK4A promotor hypermethylation was detected in 13% of non-tumorous tissue; in 33% of follicular adenomas; in 44% of papillary carcinomas; in 50% of f	12924440	Human
p16ink4a	bowen's disease	BACKGROUND: Progression of cutaneous squamous neoplasms from actinic keratosis (AK) to Bowen's disease (BD; squamous cell carcinoma in situ) has important implications for clinical management and treatment, thus requiring accurate diagnosis. p16INK4a	14632806	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	BACKGROUND: Progression of cutaneous squamous neoplasms from actinic keratosis (AK) to Bowen's disease (BD; squamous cell carcinoma in situ) has important implications for clinical management and treatment, thus requiring accurate diagnosis. p16INK4a	14632806	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	Expression of a paraffin-reactive p16INK4a marker has recently been shown to increase in cervical squamous neoplasms as lesions progress from low-grade dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma in situ. p16INK4a expression in the progression of squamous cutane	14632806	Human
p16ink4a	verruca vulgaris	METHODS: Biopsies of 203 squamous cutaneous neoplasms with unequivocal features of AK (n = 87) and BD (n = 116) as well as a benign squamous control group (verruca vulgaris: n = 10; seborrhoeic keratosis: n = 11; scar tissue: n = 8) obtained between Janua	14632806	Human
p16ink4a	osteosarcoma	The growth inhibition rate was the greatest for lung adenocarcinoma cells, lacking p16INK4a expression associated with methylation-mediated gene silencing; 83% at a concentration of 300 nM for 72-h treatment; while the growth of osteosarcoma and MFH cells	15069542	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cell carcinoma in situ	We therefore characterized the expression of p16INK4a, Rb-phosphorylation and proliferation in actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma with special reference to infiltrative behavior.	15257310	Human
p16ink4a	invasive cervical cancer	Serial consecutive biopsies representing normal cervical epithelium to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and/or invasive cervical cancer were stained with immunohistochemistry for p16INK4A, p14ARF and proliferating cell nuclear antigen.	15502810	Human
p16ink4a	nk cell leukemia	We found methylation of the first exon of the p16INK4A gene in two cases (one aggressive, one blastic), and methylation of the p14ARF gene in one aggressive NK cell leukemia.	15813917	Human
p16ink4a	colorectal tumors	Significance of P16INK4A hypermethylation gene in primary head/neck and colorectal tumors: it is a specific tissue event?	16760277	Human
p16ink4	ampullary cancers	One of three intrahepatic bile duct cancers, one of two common bile duct cancers, and one of two ampullary cancers had mutations in the p16Ink4/CDKN2 gene.	7796400	Human
p16ink4	bile duct cancers	One of three intrahepatic bile duct cancers, one of two common bile duct cancers, and one of two ampullary cancers had mutations in the p16Ink4/CDKN2 gene.	7796400	Human
p16ink4	metastatic lung cancer	Mutations in the p16INK4/MTS1/CDKN2, p15INK4B/MTS2, and p18 genes in primary and metastatic lung cancer.	7882351	Human
p16ink4	melanocytic neoplasms	To clarify any role for p16INK4 and CDK4 proteins in the development of human malignant melanoma, we have examined, immunohistochemically, the expression of these two proteins in melanocytic neoplasms including 19 primary lesions of non-familial melanoma.	8746340	Human
p16ink4	esophageal squamous cancer	[Analysis of the p16INK4, p15INK4B genes abnormality and the amplification of cyclin D1 gene in esophageal cancer] To evaluate the prognostic significance of gene amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in the patients of esophageal squamous cancer,	8920671	Human
p16ink4	thymoma	p16INK4, pRB, p53 and cyclin D1 expression and hypermethylation of CDKN2 gene in thymoma and thymic carcinoma.	9398039	Human
p16ink4	pediatric osteosarcoma	CONCLUSIONS: Mutations of the TP53 and deletion of p16INK4 tumor suppressor genes seem to be involved in the development of pediatric osteosarcoma.	9586287	Human
p16ink4	bone tumors	CONCLUSIONS: Alteration of TP53, p16INK4 and p21WAF1 seems to be involved in the development of pediatric bone tumors and to be an unfavourable prognostic factor in this type of tumors.	12886318	Human
p14arf	thyroid tumour	The status of CDKN2A alpha (p16INK4A) and beta (p14ARF) transcripts in thyroid tumour progression.	17117177	Human
cdkn2a	nodular melanoma	PURPOSE: In order to obtain better insight into the genetic background of nodular melanoma (NM), we aimed to analyse the frequency of CDKN2A and C-MYC copy number changes.	16977458	Human
p16	sporadic breast cancer	CONCLUSIONS: Hypermethylation of BRCA1, p16 and 14-3-3sigma is present in all histologic types, stages and grades in sporadic breast cancer and can be detected in serum DNA.	17264521	Human
cdkn2a	second cancer	The obtained results allow us to conclude: (i) survival times of 500 C/G carriers vs. cumulating proportion surviving was not statistically significant; (ii) CDKN2a polymorphism 500 C/G correlated with Ala148Thr; (iii) no correlation was observed between	17351674	Human
p16	sporadic breast cancer	Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes BRCA1, p16 and 14-3-3sigma in serum of sporadic breast cancer patients.	17264521	Human
cdkn2a	nodular melanoma	Increased C-MYC copy numbers on the background of CDKN2A loss is associated with improved survival in nodular melanoma.	16977458	Human
p16	oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (oscc)	Molecular prognostic indicators for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including HPV-DNA detection, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and p16 expression, have been suggested in the literature, but none of these are currently used in clini	17236202	Human
cdkn2a	egc	CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows a high prevalence of co-inactivating mutations of p53 and/or CDKN2A genes in EGC, that seem to occur preferentially in LS-derived tumours and late in oncogenesis.	17300232	Human
p19	ganglioglioma	Direct analysis demonstrated loss of p19 expression and p53 mutation in the malignant areas, highly suggestive of these alterations being involved in the malignant progression of the ganglioglioma.	17259542	Human
p14arf	large b cell lymphoma	All patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), myeloma or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) expressed p14ARF while nine of 23 patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) lost p14ARF expression.	10557050	Human
p14arf	condyloma	All condyloma acuminata except one and low-grade dysplasia with HPV infection of low risk, such as HPV 6, immunohistochemically showed completely negative staining for p14ARF, also seen in non-neoplastic and mesenchymal cells.	12100520	Human
p14arf	invasive ductal breast cancers	This study examined p14ARF and p53/Hdm2 expression and subcellular localisation by using immunohistochemistry in a series of invasive ductal breast cancers (IDCs) with concomitant ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), to evaluate whether findings in vitro were	15318938	Human
p14	serous microcystic adenomas	In this study, we compared methylation status of p16, p14, VHL, and ppENK genes by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and genetic alterations including K-ras and beta-catenin gene mutations, chromosome 3p loss, and microsatellite instability in 15 mucinous c	14614047	Human
p14	serous microcystic adenomas	There were no significant differences between mucinous cystic neoplasms and serous microcystic adenomas in methylation of p16 (14%, 2/14 and 12%, 2/16), p14 (15%, 2/13 and 37%, 6/16), VHL (0/14 and 7%, 1/14), and ppENK (0/14 and 0/13), respectively.	14614047	Human
p14	ampullary tumors	RESULTS: p16 gene alterations including silent mutations were present in 61.8% gallbladder cancers, 54.5% bile duct cancers, and 70.6% ampullary cancers. p16 gene nonsilent mutations, p16 methylation, and loss of chromosome 9p21-22 that targets p14, p15,	15014024	Human
mts1	pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors	Genetic alterations in gastrinomas and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene inactivation.	9443399	Human
mts1	pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor	In the present study, 12 gastrinoma and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor specimens were evaluated for genetic alterations of the p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene.	9443399	Human
mts1	primary bladder cancer	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
mts1	intraductal papillary mucinous tumors	P53 mutation but not p16/MTS1 mutation occurs in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12749268	Human
ink4a	nongerminomatous germ cell tumors	To evaluate whether genetic alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus occur in the genesis of ICGTs, we analyzed the INK4a/ARF genes in 21 ICGTs-10 pure germinomas and 11 nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
ink4a	metastatic breast carcinomas	However, primary and metastatic breast carcinomas exhibited a relative hypomethylation of p16(INK4A), which is associated with expression, compared to normal breast tissue.	11369056	Human
ink4a	intraductal papillary mucinous tumours	Aberrant p16(INK4A) and DPC4/Smad4 expression in intraductal papillary mucinous tumours of the pancreas is associated with invasive ductal adenocarcinoma.	12010891	Human
ink4a	primary cutaneous b cell lymphoma	Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) in primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma.	12060387	Human
ink4a	primary cutaneous b cell lymphomas	Our findings suggest that p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) biallelic gene abnormalities are common in primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas, most frequently as a result of promotor hypermethylation.	12060387	Human
cdkn2	advanced stage cancer	CDKN2 is homozygously deleted in approximately 25% of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and these deletions are associated with advanced stage cancer.	7478613	Human
cdkn2	familial atypical multiple mole-melanoma (fammm)	We have analysed CDKN2 coding sequences in 15 Dutch familial atypical multiple mole-melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome pedigrees, and identified a 19 basepair (bp) germline deletion in 13 of them.	7670475	Human
cdkn2	common bile duct cancers	One of three intrahepatic bile duct cancers, one of two common bile duct cancers, and one of two ampullary cancers had mutations in the p16Ink4/CDKN2 gene.	7796400	Human
p16	borderline ovarian tumor	We also examined p16 gene expression and mutations in ovarian cancer cell lines and invasive and borderline ovarian tumor tissues.	7478544	Human
p16	pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors	Genetic alterations in gastrinomas and nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor gene inactivation.	9443399	Human
p16	mixed mesodermal tumour	No p16 deletion was found, and mutations were detected in only one tumour sample and Skut1B uterine mixed mesodermal tumour cells.	10071231	Human
p16	paraffin embedded tumor	METHODS: p16 and Rb pretoin were immunostained by SP immunohistochemical method in the sections of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumor tissue from 102 patients with astrocytoma brain tumors.	10374322	Human
p16	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (fammm)	A locus linked to p16 modifies melanoma risk in Dutch familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome families.	10400925	Human
p16	low grade tumors	The frequency of the alteration of the p16 gene, either homozygous deletion or mutation accompanied with amino acid substitutions, increased in malignant brain tumors (grade III and IV) compared with that in low grade tumors (grade I and II) (p=0.0275), s	10536183	Human
p16	adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ascc)	The rate of loss of P16 protein expression in adenocarcinoma (AC) was 28.47 +/- 16.33%, that in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was 35.95% +/- 17.36%, and that in adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) 57.88% +/- 10.18%.	10684032	Human
p16	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma	Risk of developing pancreatic cancer in families with familial atypical multiple mole melanoma associated with a specific 19 deletion of p16 (p16-Leiden).	10956390	Human
p16	primary brain lymphomas	Recent reports indicate a high proportion of primary brain lymphomas show loss of CDKN2A/p16 gene expression.	10976700	Human
p16	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (fammm)	[From gene to disease; from p16 to melanoma] Approximately 10% of human cutaneous melanoma cases occur in families with the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, which is characterised by the familial occurrence of melanomas and atypi	11103670	Human
p16	large cell lymphoma	Here, we provide the first evidence of the involvement of the tumor suppressor gene p16 in primary cutaneous large cell lymphoma.	11121148	Human
p16	metastatic breast carcinomas	However, primary and metastatic breast carcinomas exhibited a relative hypomethylation of p16(INK4A), which is associated with expression, compared to normal breast tissue.	11369056	Human
p16	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (fammm)	BACKGROUND: Hereditary pancreatic carcinoma shows extant phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity as evidenced by its integral association with a variety of hereditary cancer syndromes inclusive of the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndro	11815963	Human
p16	hereditary cancer syndromes	BACKGROUND: Hereditary pancreatic carcinoma shows extant phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity as evidenced by its integral association with a variety of hereditary cancer syndromes inclusive of the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndro	11815963	Human
p16	primary bladder cancer	CONCLUSIONS: Over-expression of bcl-2 appears to be common in bladder cancer; over-expression of proto-oncogene bcl-2 and inactivation of the MTS1/p16 gene are likely to be contributing factors for primary bladder cancer; and they can be the prognostic in	11831985	Human
p16	ii lung cancers	In stage I and II lung cancers, the obvious inactivation of tumor suppressor gene p16 or Rb was examined (32.6% or 28.3%); p16 inactivation was detected mainly in non-small cell lung cancers, and Rb inactivation mainly in small cell lung cancers.	11832104	Human
p16	sebaceous carcinomas	RESULTS: In the 96 cases, including 40 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 33 squamous and 23 sebaceous carcinomas, their p16 protein positive (nuclear staining) rates were 70.0%, 54.6% and 56.5% respectively.	11853608	Human
p16	sebaceous carcinoma	RESULTS: Among the 96 cases, there were 40 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 33 squamous carcinomas and 23 sebaceous carcinoma, with P16 protein positive (nuclear staining) rates 70%, 54.6% and 56.5%, respectively.	11930651	Human
p16	intraductal papillary mucinous tumours	Aberrant p16(INK4A) and DPC4/Smad4 expression in intraductal papillary mucinous tumours of the pancreas is associated with invasive ductal adenocarcinoma.	12010891	Human
p16	intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors	p16 and p53 gene alterations and accumulations in the malignant evolution of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12021900	Human
p16	intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors	CONCLUSIONS: The p16 and p53 gene alterations and accumulations observed are crucial events during the carcinogenesis and malignant progression of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12021900	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b cell lymphoma	Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) in primary cutaneous B cell lymphoma.	12060387	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b cell lymphomas	We analyzed DNA from 36 cases of primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas, four systemic B cell lymphomas, and six benign B cell lymphoproliferative infiltrates for abnormalities of p15 and p16 using microsatellite markers for 9p21, methylation specific polymer	12060387	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b cell lymphomas	In primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas with allelic loss or promotor hypermethylation of either p15 or p16, loss of expression in tumor cells was identified in 5 of 8 and 9 of 10 cases, respectively.	12060387	Human
p16	primary cutaneous b cell lymphomas	Our findings suggest that p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) biallelic gene abnormalities are common in primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas, most frequently as a result of promotor hypermethylation.	12060387	Human
p16	metastatic human prostate cancers	We examined the status of a cell cycle checkpoint by immunohistochemically staining for p16 and pRb using multiple tissue arrays generated from 49 primary and 23 hormone-sensitive metastatic human prostate cancers.	12169393	Human
p16	intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors	Differential roles of alterations of p53, p16, and SMAD4 expression in the progression of intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12469138	Human
p16	lip cancers	[Expression of VEGF, EGFR, p16 in lip cancers and oral squamous cell carcinomas and their clinic significance] OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p16 protein in lip ca	12475418	Human
p16	lip cancers	METHODS: Immunohistochemisty for expression VEGF, EGFR, P16 were carried out in 69 cases of lip cancers and OSCC.	12475418	Human
p16	lip cancers	RESULTS: Expression of VEGF, EGFR, p16 protein in OSCC and lip cancers was respectively 71.01%, 46.37%, 28.98% and there were no significance between their positive expressions (P > 0.05) as well as in different sites of them (P > 0.05).	12475418	Human
p16	lip cancers	CONCLUSIONS: The results show that there is no correlation to the expression of VEGF, EGFR and P16 protein in OSCC and lip cancers.	12475418	Human
p16	squamous cervical cancers	In squamous cervical cancers, overexpression of p16 is induced by HPV and associated with the carcinogenesis of cervical epithelia.	12548164	Human
p16	digestive tract cancers	PURPOSE AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: To date, the presence of p16 gene promoter methylation associated with loss of protein expression has been demonstrated frequently in digestive tract cancers.	12631606	Human
p16	intraductal papillary mucinous tumors	P53 mutation but not p16/MTS1 mutation occurs in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas.	12749268	Human
p16	intraductal papillary mucinous tumors	The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of p53-, p16/MTS1- and K-ras mutations in benign and malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors with intent to value their importance for tumor progression.	12749268	Human
p16	lymph node metastasis	METHODS: p53 and p16 expression status, the Ki-67 LI, and int-2/cyclin D1 amplification were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and slot blot analysis in pretreatment endoscopic biopsy specimens of 41 patients with T4 or M1 Lym (distant lymph node m	12900371	Human
p16	advanced prostate cancers	We investigated the prognostic significance of both pRB and p16 expression in locally advanced prostate cancers, from patients treated on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocol 86-10.	12947069	Human
p16	seborrhoeic keratosis	Enhanced expression of p16 in seborrhoeic keratosis; a lesion of accumulated senescent epidermal cells in G1 arrest.	14510989	Human
p16	cervical lymph node metastasis	CONCLUSION: The expression of p15 and p16 protein are closely associated with clinical stages and cervical lymph node metastasis of TSCC. p15 deletion, or both p15 and p16 co-deletion in TSCC can also predict a poor prognosis. p15 and p16 expression can b	14613656	Human
p16	serous microcystic adenomas	In this study, we compared methylation status of p16, p14, VHL, and ppENK genes by methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and genetic alterations including K-ras and beta-catenin gene mutations, chromosome 3p loss, and microsatellite instability in 15 mucinous c	14614047	Human
p16	serous microcystic adenomas	There were no significant differences between mucinous cystic neoplasms and serous microcystic adenomas in methylation of p16 (14%, 2/14 and 12%, 2/16), p14 (15%, 2/13 and 37%, 6/16), VHL (0/14 and 7%, 1/14), and ppENK (0/14 and 0/13), respectively.	14614047	Human
p16	primary gastric lymphomas	Promoter hypermethylation and protein expression of the p16 gene: analysis of 43 cases of B-cell primary gastric lymphomas from China.	14976529	Human
p16	primary gastric lymphoma	However, the p16 protein expression in primary gastric lymphoma has not been studied.	14976529	Human
p16	primary gastric lymphomas	In this study, we characterize protein expression and promoter hypermethylation of the p16 gene in B-cell primary gastric lymphomas from China.	14976529	Human
p16	primary gastric lymphomas	In conclusion, loss of p16 protein expression is frequent in those B-cell primary gastric lymphomas and approximately one-third of such loss correlated with promoter hypermethylation.	14976529	Human
p16	ampullary tumors	RESULTS: p16 gene alterations including silent mutations were present in 61.8% gallbladder cancers, 54.5% bile duct cancers, and 70.6% ampullary cancers. p16 gene nonsilent mutations, p16 methylation, and loss of chromosome 9p21-22 that targets p14, p15,	15014024	Human
p16	squamous cell hyperplasia	In contrast, p16 was almost consistently negative in normal skin, squamous cell hyperplasia (0/20), lichen sclerosus (0/19), differentiated (simplex) VIN3 (0/11), verrucous carcinoma (0/2), and keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (3/33, 9%).	15213596	Human
p16	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma	This article traces the historical aspects of hereditary cancer dealing with identification and ultimate molecular genetic confirmation of commonly occurring cancers, particularly of the colon in the case of familial adenomatous polyposis and its attenuat	15264268	Human
p16	bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (bacs)	OBJECTIVES: Loss of p16(INK4) has been associated with a poor cancer prognosis, but its potential significance in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (BACs) has not been explored.	15753637	Human
p16	muscle invasive bladder cancer	METHODS: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis was performed to evaluate chromosomes 3, 7, 9, and 17 and the 9p21 (p16), 17p13.1 (p53), 13q14 (RB1), and 17q11.2 (HER-2) chromosomal loci in 48 muscle invasive bladder cancer specimens and the adjacent	15790699	Human
p16	malignant rhabdoid tumor	Establishment of a cell line from a malignant rhabdoid tumor of the liver lacking the function of two tumor suppressor genes, hSNF5/INI1 and p16.	15796965	Human
p16	rars	To determine whether genetic alterations of p16 and p27 genes play an important role in MDS pathogenesis, we examined DNA from 51 patients classified as 17 refractory anemias (RA), four refractory anemias with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 19 refractory ane	16104874	Human
p16	non-keratinizing carcinoma (nkc)	METHODS: Immunohistochemical study for p16 protein was carried out in 90 cases of non-keratinizing carcinoma (NKC) of nasopharynx.	16185507	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	[Mechanisms of p16 gene inactivation salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma] OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of p16 gene inactivation in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.	16285551	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas	Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis of polymerase chain reaction products (PCR-SSCP) were used to detect deletion and mutation of p16 gene in salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas.	16285551	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas	RESULTS: The homozygous deletion, mutation and hypermethylation of p16 gene were noted in 16 cases (30.2%), 4 cases (7.5%) and 26 cases (49.1%) respectively in 53 cases of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas.	16285551	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	CONCLUSION: The main inactivation mechanisms of p16 gene in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma were hypermethylation and homozygous deletion.	16285551	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	The mutation p16 gene was rare in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.	16285551	Human
arf	nongerminomatous germ cell tumors	To evaluate whether genetic alterations of the INK4a/ARF locus occur in the genesis of ICGTs, we analyzed the INK4a/ARF genes in 21 ICGTs-10 pure germinomas and 11 nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.	10786670	Human
ink4	bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (bacs)	OBJECTIVES: Loss of p16(INK4) has been associated with a poor cancer prognosis, but its potential significance in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (BACs) has not been explored.	15753637	Human
cdkn2a	large b cell lymphoma	Aberrations of the p53 pathway components p53, MDM2 and CDKN2A appear independent in diffuse large B cell lymphoma.	10086736	Human
cdkn2a	somatotrophinoma	In contrast, a single invasive methylated somatotrophinoma failed to express the CDKN2A protein.	10092131	Human
cdkn2a	primary brain lymphomas	Recent reports indicate a high proportion of primary brain lymphomas show loss of CDKN2A/p16 gene expression.	10976700	Human
cdkn2a	inherited cancer syndrome	Usually this occurs in the setting of a known inherited cancer syndrome caused by mutations in genes such as BRCA1/2 and CDKN2A.	11291558	Human
cdkn2a	neuroendocrine (merkel cell) carcinoma	CDKN2A is not the principal target of deletions on the short arm of chromosome 9 in neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma of the skin.	11433400	Human
cdkn2a	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (fammm)	BACKGROUND: Hereditary pancreatic carcinoma shows extant phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity as evidenced by its integral association with a variety of hereditary cancer syndromes inclusive of the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndro	11815963	Human
cdkn2a	hereditary cancer syndromes	BACKGROUND: Hereditary pancreatic carcinoma shows extant phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity as evidenced by its integral association with a variety of hereditary cancer syndromes inclusive of the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndro	11815963	Human
cdkn2a	familial atypical multiple mole melanoma	This article traces the historical aspects of hereditary cancer dealing with identification and ultimate molecular genetic confirmation of commonly occurring cancers, particularly of the colon in the case of familial adenomatous polyposis and its attenuat	15264268	Human
p16ink4a	digestive cancers	Point mutations of p16ink4a have also been sequenced, especially in familial melanomas and digestive cancers but preferential mechanism of p16ink4a/p15ink4b inactivation seems to be biallelic deletion.	8724524	Human
p16ink4a	cholangiocellular carcinomas	We examined the genomic status of the p16INK4A (inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 A) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) genes in 62 human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 5 cholangiocellular carcinomas and 6 cell lines derived from human liver can	8760583	Human
p16ink4a	metastatic breast carcinomas	We show here that primary and metastatic breast carcinomas demonstrate hypomethylation of p16INK4a which is associated with expression of p16INK4a mRNA, as compared to normal breast tissue which demonstrates a relative hypermethylation of p16INK4a associa	9652738	Human
p16ink4a	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Hence, it was possible to restore a functional pRB pathway in an oral squamous cell carcinoma line by inducing re-expression of endogenous p16ink4a in response to treatment with a demethylating agent.	10030668	Human
p16ink4a	large b cell lymphoma	Frequent disruption of the RB1 pathway in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: prognostic significance of E2F-1 and p16INK4A.	10803523	Human
p16ink4a	epidermoid tumors	P16INK4a UV induced mutations (CC:GG > TT:AA tandem transition or C:G > T:A transition at dipyrimidic site) are found in 12% of sporadic skin carcinomas, mainly in epidermoid tumors, and seem to occur independently of p53 mutations.	11741799	Human
p16ink4a	large cell lymphoma	We investigated the response of SUDHL-1 and L428 cells, derived from t(2;5)-anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD), respectively, to recombinant adenoviruses expressing cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) p27Kip1 (Adp	12153002	Human
p16ink4a	malignant rhabdoid tumor	P16INK4a is required for hSNF5 chromatin remodeler-induced cellular senescence in malignant rhabdoid tumor cells.	14604992	Human
p16ink4a	seborrhoeic keratosis	METHODS: Biopsies of 203 squamous cutaneous neoplasms with unequivocal features of AK (n = 87) and BD (n = 116) as well as a benign squamous control group (verruca vulgaris: n = 10; seborrhoeic keratosis: n = 11; scar tissue: n = 8) obtained between Janua	14632806	Human
p16ink4a	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	Promoter methylation of p16INK4a, RASSF1A, and DAPK is frequent in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.	15959912	Human
p16ink4	ampullary tumor	CONCLUSIONS: The disruption of the pRb-p16NK4 pathway plays an important role in ampullary carcinogenesis, the absence of p16INK4 protein expression might be involved in ampullary tumor progression.	15782994	Human
p14arf	papillary carcinomas	In all histological types, except papillary carcinomas, we observed a statistically significant relationship between p14ARF and E2F1 (r=0.64 to 1, P<0.05).	17117177	Human
arf	follicular lymphoma	These data identify CBX7 as a chromobox protein causally linked to cancer development and may help explain the low frequency of INK4a/ARF mutations observed in human follicular lymphoma.	17374722	Human
p16	cancerous lesions	Point mutations of p16(CDKN2A) exon 1 were found in all of the precancerous and cancerous lesions.	17091472	Human
p16	tumour infiltrating lymphocytes	Methylation of the MLH1, P16, TIMP3 and P14 genes was associated with tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (p < 0.05), microsatellite instability (p < 0.001), BRAF mutation (p < 0.0001) and elevated concentrations of the methyl group carriers tetrahydrofolate	16981189	Human
p14arf	sporadic breast carcinomas	Since our earlier studies have shown lack of genetic alterations such as missense mutations and deletions in the tumor associated genes-p16, ras and p14ARF in sporadic breast tumors, the epigenetic alterations of the two genes reported in the present stud	16480176	Human
p14arf	melanoma	CGIs in putative promoter regions of 34 genes (ABHD9, BARHL1, CLIC5, CNNM1, COL2A1, CPT1C, DDIT4L, DERL3, DHRS3, DPYS, EFEMP2, FAM62C, FAM78A, FLJ33790, GBX2, GPR10, GPRASP1, HOXA9, HOXD11, HOXD12, HOXD13, p14ARF, PAX6, PRDX2, PTPRG, RASD1, RAX, REC8L1, S	16778180	NA
p14arf	ovarian serous tumors	We studied the immunoexpression of p14ARF, MDM2, and p53, in addition to relationships between those protein expressions and estrogen receptor (ER)alpha in ovarian serous tumors including benign (n= 23), borderline (n= 41), and malignant (n= 94).	16803476	Human
p14arf	borderline tumors	The expression of MDM2 was significantly higher in borderline tumors compared to benign (P= 0.04) and malignant (P < 0.01) tumors. p53 expression in borderline tumors was uncommon, and p14ARF expression loss was mainly observed in carcinomas.	16803476	Human
p19	lung adenomas	Lung adenomas exhibited a 50% decrease and a 35-fold increase in expression of Rb and p19/ARF mRNA, respectively.	16424006	Human
p14	childhood ependymomas	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
p14	ependymoma	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
p14	ependymomas	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
p14	round cell liposarcoma	Frequent alteration of p16(INK4a)/p14(ARF) and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14(ARF) expression both correlate with poor prognosis.	16177957	Human
p14	anaplastic lymphoma	To understand better T-cell lymphomagenesis, we examined promoter CpG methylation and mRNA expression of closely related genes encoding p16, p15, and p14 tumor suppressor genes in cultured malignant T-cells that were derived from cutaneous, adult type, an	16185764	Human
p14	neuroendocrine tumors	We therefore compared methylation of the RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A (RASSF1A), p14, p16 and O6-methyl-guanine methyltransferase genes in neuroendocrine tumors from 47 patients including 16 pancreatic, 15 nonileal and 16 ileal neuroendocrin	16258509	Human
p14	mpnst	We found that MPNST lines are heterogeneous in their in vitro growth rates and exhibit diverse alterations in expression of pRb, p53, p14(Arf), and p16(INK4a) proteins.	16510576	Human
p14	round cell liposarcoma	Frequent alteration of p16INK4a/p14ARF and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14ARF expression both correlate with poor prognosis.	16622896	Human
p14	supratentorial pnet	High promoter hypermethylation frequency of p14/ARF in supratentorial PNET but not in medulloblastoma.	16623784	Human
p14	squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium	p16, p14, p53, cyclin D1, and steroid hormone receptor expression and human papillomaviruses analysis in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium.	16844559	Human
p14	malignant pleural mesothelioma	p53-Induced Apoptosis Occurs in the Absence of p14(ARF) in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.	16867217	Human
p14	malignant pleural mesotheliomas	Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) are usually wild type for the p53 gene but contain homozygous deletions in the INK4A locus that encodes p14(ARF), an inhibitor of p53-MDM2 interaction.	16867217	Human
p-16	choriocarcinoma	Numerous works on this subject are published and some recent important discoveries underline the roles of genes HOX, Tim P3, E-cad and p-16, and the recurrent chromosome anomalies 7q21+and 8p21- in the mole to choriocarcinoma processing.	16005675	Human
mts1	rectal carcinoma	[The expression of MTS1 gene product in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinomas and its clinical significance] OBJECTIVE: To study the property of transitional mucosa (TM) adjacent to rectal carcinoma and the clinical significance of MTS1 gene d	11829899	Human
mts1	rectal carcinoma	CONCLUSIONS: The inactivation of MTS1 gene is relative to the occurrence of rectal carcinoma, suggesting that the TM adjacent to rectal carcinoma possess as certain potential malignancy.	11829899	Human
ink4a	tumors	Our study indicates that a high frequency of hypermethylation for RARbeta2, p16(INK4A) and RASSF1A promoters is present in spiral CT-detected tumors, whereas promoter hypermethylation of this panel of genes in uninduced sputum has a limited diagnostic val	16152615	Human
ink4a	hsil	There was a higher mean number of p16(INK4A) and MIB-1 immunoreactive cells/1,000 cells in HSIL (4.06 +/- 1.93 and 11.13 +/- 2.83, respectively) compared to other cytological categories.	16161049	Human
ink4a	keratoacanthoma	As the phenotype worsens, with increasing hyperplasia and vascularization leading to keratoacanthoma, p16(INK4a) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression is induced.	16204053	Mouse
ink4a	nasopharyngeal carcinoma	These data are consistent with the cooperative effects seen between LMP1 and loss of the INK4a locus in transgenic mice and with the frequency of loss of this locus in EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	16204053	Mouse
ink4a	hepatocellular carcinomas	In contrast, strong induction of HSP90, CDC37, and E2F4 was paralleled by P16(INK4A) downregulation and high levels of HSP90-CDK4 and CDC37-CDK4 complexes in hepatocellular carcinomas with poorer prognosis.	16317707	Human
ink4a	low-grade lymphomas	To examine whether methylation of p16(INK4A) and p57(KIP2) is involved in the development and progression of gastric MALT lymphomas, 24 gastric low-grade lymphomas of MALT, 11 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, and 10 each case of gastric lymphoid follicles	16357845	Human
ink4a	mpnst	We found that MPNST lines are heterogeneous in their in vitro growth rates and exhibit diverse alterations in expression of pRb, p53, p14(Arf), and p16(INK4a) proteins.	16510576	Human
ink4a	skin tumors	Induction of Nevi and Skin Tumors in Ink4a/Arf Xpa Knockout Mice by Neonatal, Intermittent, or Chronic UVB Exposures.	16510579	Mouse
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	Nevi and melanomas correlate to childhood and intermittent solar UV exposure, xeroderma pigmentosum patients run increased risk, and p16(Ink4a) expression is often lost in malignant progression.	16510579	Human
ink4a	skin tumors	Ink4a/Arf(-/-) mice developed most skin tumors faster, but surprisingly developed nevi slower than their heterozygous counterparts especially after neonatal UV exposure.	16510579	Mouse
ink4a	nevus	Hence, although our experiments did not effectively emulate human melanoma, they provided clear evidence that intermittent UV overexposure strongly stimulates and the Ink4a/Arf(-/-) genotype may actually impair nevus development.	16510579	Mouse
ink4a	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Activating KRAS mutations and p16(Ink4a) inactivation are near universal events in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).	16585505	Human
ink4a	head and neck cancer	The frequency and precise loss of CDKN2B(INK4b), CDKN2A(ARF, INK4a), and MTAP in the prognosis of 9p21-deleted HNSCC may provide impetus for use of these targets as therapeutic biomarkers in head and neck cancer.	16618910	Human
ink4a	histiocytic sarcoma	The PTEN and INK4A/ARF tumor suppressors maintain myelolymphoid homeostasis and cooperate to constrain histiocytic sarcoma development in humans.	16697958	Human
ink4a	breast tumor	These results demonstrate a causal role of p16(INK4A) disruption in modulating DNA hypermethylation, and identify a dynamic and active process whereby epigenetic modulation of gene expression is activated as an early event in breast tumor progression.	16766534	Human
ink4a	malignant pleural mesotheliomas	Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) are usually wild type for the p53 gene but contain homozygous deletions in the INK4A locus that encodes p14(ARF), an inhibitor of p53-MDM2 interaction.	16867217	Human
p16	lung cancer	CONCLUSION: p16 gene mutation and abnormal expression may play an important role in the occurrence and development of lung cancer, and it is relative to CT appearances of lung cancer. p16 gene may be used as a predicting index for clinical diagnosis and p	15898427	Human
p16	tumors	Our study indicates that a high frequency of hypermethylation for RARbeta2, p16(INK4A) and RASSF1A promoters is present in spiral CT-detected tumors, whereas promoter hypermethylation of this panel of genes in uninduced sputum has a limited diagnostic val	16152615	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma of the skin	Samples of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with either functional or non-functional Rb also exhibited at least two forms of p16.	16161044	Human
p16	hsil	There was a higher mean number of p16(INK4A) and MIB-1 immunoreactive cells/1,000 cells in HSIL (4.06 +/- 1.93 and 11.13 +/- 2.83, respectively) compared to other cytological categories.	16161049	Human
p16	anaplastic lymphoma	To understand better T-cell lymphomagenesis, we examined promoter CpG methylation and mRNA expression of closely related genes encoding p16, p15, and p14 tumor suppressor genes in cultured malignant T-cells that were derived from cutaneous, adult type, an	16185764	Human
p16	cutaneous t-cell lymphoma	Extensive methylation of the p16 promoter was seen in six out of 10 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patient samples and corresponded with lack of p16 protein expression in the cases examined.	16185764	Human
p16	keratoacanthoma	As the phenotype worsens, with increasing hyperplasia and vascularization leading to keratoacanthoma, p16(INK4a) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression is induced.	16204053	Mouse
p16	hyperplastic polyps	Two benign gastric hyperplastic polyps also had intact p16 and MTAP.	16224217	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors	Epigenetic alterations in neuroendocrine tumors: methylation of RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A and p16 genes are associated with metastasis.	16258509	Human
p16	neuroendocrine tumors	We therefore compared methylation of the RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A (RASSF1A), p14, p16 and O6-methyl-guanine methyltransferase genes in neuroendocrine tumors from 47 patients including 16 pancreatic, 15 nonileal and 16 ileal neuroendocrin	16258509	Human
p16	hepatocellular carcinomas	In contrast, strong induction of HSP90, CDC37, and E2F4 was paralleled by P16(INK4A) downregulation and high levels of HSP90-CDK4 and CDC37-CDK4 complexes in hepatocellular carcinomas with poorer prognosis.	16317707	Human
p16	colorectal tumors	p16 Gene Methylation in Colorectal Tumors: Correlation with Clinicopathological Features and Prognostic Value.	16352895	Human
p16	low-grade lymphomas	To examine whether methylation of p16(INK4A) and p57(KIP2) is involved in the development and progression of gastric MALT lymphomas, 24 gastric low-grade lymphomas of MALT, 11 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, and 10 each case of gastric lymphoid follicles	16357845	Human
p16	keratoses	DESIGN: We studied the expression of p16 by immunohistochemistry in 24 KAs, 24 infiltrating SCCs of the skin, 4 histologically indeterminate lesions, and 8 nonmalignant keratoses.	16390241	Human
p16	keratoses	No significant difference in measures of p16 expression was identified among the KAs, the SCCs, the indeterminate lesions, or the benign keratoses.	16390241	Human
p16	anal intraepithelial neoplasia	The sensitivity and specificity of p16 immunoreactivity in the detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma were 72% and 71%, respectively.	16404747	Human
p16	dlbcl	CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that hypermethylation of the p16 promoter indicates a poor prognosis in high-intermediate-risk and high-risk DLBCL patients, and may be a useful marker for selection of appropriate treatment when used in conjunction with t	16406514	Human
p16	carcinomatosis	We assessed the correlation of the clinicopathologic variables (previous surgical score, age, sex, performance status, previous systemic chemotherapy, carcinomatosis extension, completeness of cytoreduction, IPHP drug schedule, mitotic count [MC], nuclear	16444562	Human
p16	smooth muscle neoplasms	In the uterus, p16 positivity is more common and widespread in leiomyosarcomas than leiomyomas, and this may be a useful aid to diagnosis, although problematic uterine smooth muscle neoplasms have not been extensively studied.	16462152	Human
p16	mucinous adenocarcinoma	Metastatic cervical adenocarcinomas in the ovary are usually diffusely p16-positive, and because these may closely mimic a primary ovarian endometrioid or mucinous adenocarcinoma, this may be a valuable diagnostic aid, although p16 expression in primary o	16462152	Human
p16	ovarian adenocarcinomas	Metastatic cervical adenocarcinomas in the ovary are usually diffusely p16-positive, and because these may closely mimic a primary ovarian endometrioid or mucinous adenocarcinoma, this may be a valuable diagnostic aid, although p16 expression in primary o	16462152	Human
p16	sporadic breast carcinomas	We have employed a novel restriction digestion based multiplex PCR assay to analyse the methylation status of promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes (p16, hMLH1, MGMT and E-cadherin) in sporadic breast carcinomas of Indian women.	16480176	Human
p16	undifferentiated carcinomas	Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes, including APC, CHFR, DAP-kinase, DCC, E-cadherin, GSTP1, hMLH1, p16, PTEN, RASSF1A, RUNX3, and TSLC1, can be detected in both differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas at varying frequenci	16482617	Human
p16	mpnst	We found that MPNST lines are heterogeneous in their in vitro growth rates and exhibit diverse alterations in expression of pRb, p53, p14(Arf), and p16(INK4a) proteins.	16510576	Human
p16	xeroderma pigmentosum	Nevi and melanomas correlate to childhood and intermittent solar UV exposure, xeroderma pigmentosum patients run increased risk, and p16(Ink4a) expression is often lost in malignant progression.	16510579	Human
p16	cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions	BACKGROUND/AIM: It is generally assumed that similar pathways are involved in human papillomavirus (HPV) induced pathogenesis of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and cancers and a subset of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN)-that	16540490	Human
p16	pleural mesotheliomas	Global Gene Expression Profiling of Pleural Mesotheliomas: Overexpression of Aurora Kinases and P16/CDKN2A Deletion as Prognostic Factors and Critical Evaluation of Microarray-Based Prognostic Prediction.	16540645	Human
p16	villous adenomas	METHODS: Immunohistochemistry with the antibodies p16, p53, and p63 was performed in tubular, tubular-villous, and villous adenomas (n = 30) and in well, moderately, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas (n = 30).	16575619	Human
p16	colorectal neoplasms	CONCLUSIONS: Despite both p16 and p53 having been detected in colorectal neoplasms, they were not related to the different histologic variables nor to the expression of p63.	16575619	Human
p16	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Activating KRAS mutations and p16(Ink4a) inactivation are near universal events in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).	16585505	Human
p16	stage i non-small cell lung cancer	Cohypermethylation of p16 and FHIT Promoters as a Prognostic Factor of Recurrence in Surgically Resected Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.	16618724	Human
p16	stage i nsclc	In conclusion, the present study suggests that cohypermethylation of p16 and FHIT genes in patients with stage I NSCLC may be a valuable biomarker for predicting the recurrence-associated prognosis of the disease.	16618724	Human
p16	atypical endometrial hyperplasia	MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hypermethylation in the promoter region of the p16 gene and the expression of the p16 protein in 51 specimens, including 8 endometrial cancer cell lines, 7 normal endometrial tissues, 12 atypical endometrial hyperplasia tissues and	16619479	Human
p16	carcinosarcoma	In total, 92% of serous carcinomas expressed p16 strongly compared to weak-to-moderate expression of p16 in 7-67% of other tumors (FIGO grades 1 and 2 carcinoma and carcinosarcoma, respectively).	16648864	Human
p16	serous carcinomas	In total, 92% of serous carcinomas expressed p16 strongly compared to weak-to-moderate expression of p16 in 7-67% of other tumors (FIGO grades 1 and 2 carcinoma and carcinosarcoma, respectively).	16648864	Human
p16	breast tumor	These results demonstrate a causal role of p16(INK4A) disruption in modulating DNA hypermethylation, and identify a dynamic and active process whereby epigenetic modulation of gene expression is activated as an early event in breast tumor progression.	16766534	Human
p16	cin 3	There was no observed association of methylation of the p16INK4a gene with either CIN grading (P=0.0698) or HPV status (P=0.2811): specifically 42.9% (3/7) was found in CIN 1, 57.1% (8/14) in CIN 2, and 52.9% (9/17) in CIN 3.	16778587	Human
p16	leukoplakia of buccal mucosa	RESULTS: The methylation of p16 gene was found in 15 of 30 cases SCC and 1 of 10 cases of leukoplakia of buccal mucosa (P < 0.05).	16784614	Human
p16	scc of buccal mucosa	Methylation of p16 gene in SCC of buccal mucosa was not related with age, sex, cell differentiation and clinical stage.	16784614	Human
p16	scc of buccal mucosa	CONCLUSIONS: The methylation of p16 gene leaded to the inactivation of p16 gene and was related with the carcinogenesis and progress of SCC of buccal mucosa.	16784614	Human
p16	monocytic leukemia	Suppression of U937 human monocytic leukemia cell growth by dideoxypetrosynol A, a polyacetylene from the sponge Petrosia sp., via induction of Cdk inhibitor p16 and down-regulation of pRB phosphorylation.	16786142	Human
p16	tumors of the uterus	Loss of p16 in recurrent malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the uterus.	16803529	Human
p16	mmmt	Five cases of recurrent uterine MMMT were examined by paraffin immunohistochemistry for the expression of p53, p16, P-cadherin, and Cerb-B2.	16803529	Human
p16	common tumor	P53, p16, and P-cadherin are common tumor suppressor genes expressed in uterine MMMT.	16803529	Human
p16	mmmt	P53, p16, and P-cadherin are common tumor suppressor genes expressed in uterine MMMT.	16803529	Human
p16	oral tumour	As proof of principle, we illustrate MEP using assays of p16 and cyclin A1 promoters in a methylated DNA dilution matrix and also in a clinical setting using paired saliva and oral tumour specimens.	16807314	Human
p16	condylomas	After discrepancies were resolved and concurrence was achieved by at least 2 of 3 reviewing pathologists, the diagnoses were as follows: 37 negative, 12 condylomas without overt dysplasia, 14 AIN I, 25 AIN II, and 16 AIN III. p16 and Ki67 expression was e	16819320	Human
p16	condylomas	None of the condylomas and only 1 of the negative cases showed a band of p16 positive staining.	16819320	Human
p16	adenomatous polyps	We investigated the methylation status in the promoter regions of the CDKN2A/p16, hMLH1, and MGMT genes in human non-neoplastic rectal mucosa and evaluated whether these methylation markers may predict the presence of adenomatous polyps in the colon.	16820927	Human
p16	squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium	p16, p14, p53, cyclin D1, and steroid hormone receptor expression and human papillomaviruses analysis in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium.	16844559	Human
arf	childhood ependymomas	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
arf	ependymoma	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
arf	ependymomas	PROCEDURE: Primary ependymomas at diagnosis or relapse from 24 children were analyzed for p53 pathway, using a functional assay in yeast, RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and/or immunohistochemistry for TP53 mutation, p14(ARF) deletion and promoter hypermet	16086408	Human
arf	round cell liposarcoma	Frequent alteration of p16(INK4a)/p14(ARF) and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14(ARF) expression both correlate with poor prognosis.	16177957	Human
arf	lung adenomas	Lung adenomas exhibited a 50% decrease and a 35-fold increase in expression of Rb and p19/ARF mRNA, respectively.	16424006	Human
arf	skin tumors	Induction of Nevi and Skin Tumors in Ink4a/Arf Xpa Knockout Mice by Neonatal, Intermittent, or Chronic UVB Exposures.	16510579	Mouse
arf	round cell liposarcoma	Frequent alteration of p16INK4a/p14ARF and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14ARF expression both correlate with poor prognosis.	16622896	Human
arf	supratentorial pnet	High promoter hypermethylation frequency of p14/ARF in supratentorial PNET but not in medulloblastoma.	16623784	Human
arf	histiocytic sarcoma	The PTEN and INK4A/ARF tumor suppressors maintain myelolymphoid homeostasis and cooperate to constrain histiocytic sarcoma development in humans.	16697958	Human
arf	malignant pleural mesothelioma	p53-Induced Apoptosis Occurs in the Absence of p14(ARF) in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma.	16867217	Human
arf	malignant pleural mesotheliomas	Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) are usually wild type for the p53 gene but contain homozygous deletions in the INK4A locus that encodes p14(ARF), an inhibitor of p53-MDM2 interaction.	16867217	Human
ink4	cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions	BACKGROUND/AIM: It is generally assumed that similar pathways are involved in human papillomavirus (HPV) induced pathogenesis of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and cancers and a subset of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN)-that	16540490	Human
cdkn2a	recurrent carcinoma	The results showed that a considerable frequency (35%, 7 of 20) of CDKN2A methylation was present in histologically negative margins, and methylation pattern analysis might be valuable for studying the cellular origin of recurrent carcinoma.	16269133	Human
cdkn2a	acute promyelocytic leukaemia	Serial studies of methylation of CDKN2B and CDKN2A in relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia treated with arsenic trioxide.	16351640	Human
cdkn2a	pleural mesotheliomas	Global Gene Expression Profiling of Pleural Mesotheliomas: Overexpression of Aurora Kinases and P16/CDKN2A Deletion as Prognostic Factors and Critical Evaluation of Microarray-Based Prognostic Prediction.	16540645	Human
cdkn2a	urothelial cell carcinoma (ucc)	The CDKN2A locus is frequently inactivated in urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), yet how this alteration contributes to bladder tumorigenesis is not known.	16619045	Human
cdkn2a	advanced cancers	Comparative mutational profiling for different genomic loci [1p36(CCM = cutaneous malignant melanoma], 3p26(OGGI = 8 oxoguanine DNA glycosylase), 5q23 (APC, MCC = mutated in colorectal cancer), 9p21(p16/CDKN2A = cyclin-dependent kinase 2A), 10q23(PTEN = p	16719202	Human
cdkn2a	supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor	In addition, one supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor had lost both copies of the tumor-suppressor genes CDKN2A and CDKN2B.	16783165	Human
cdkn2a	adenomatous polyps	We investigated the methylation status in the promoter regions of the CDKN2A/p16, hMLH1, and MGMT genes in human non-neoplastic rectal mucosa and evaluated whether these methylation markers may predict the presence of adenomatous polyps in the colon.	16820927	Human
p16ink4a	cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1	We evaluated the expression of HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in normal tissues (N=30), in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1)(synonymous with productive HPV infections) (N=32), and in CIN3 (cervical precancer)(N=25) by immunohistochemistry	16112431	Human
p16ink4a	neuroendocrine tumor	Of all seven markers tested for, p16INK4A methylation was observed in both components of one composite carcinoma and hMLH1 was methylated in the neuroendocrine tumor component within the same tumor.	16218931	Human
p16ink4a	rhabdoid tumor	Loss of the hSNF5 gene concomitantly inactivates p21CIP/WAF1 and p16INK4a activity associated with replicative senescence in A204 rhabdoid tumor cells. hSNF5, the smallest member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is lost in most malignant rhabd	16288006	Human
p16ink4a	squamous cervical cancer	It was shown that the expression of p16ink4a in the squamous cervical cancer was induced by HPV.	16637315	Human
p16ink4	cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion	Increased Ki-67 proliferative index and absence of P16INK4 in CIN-HPV related pathogenic pathways different from cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion.	16540490	Human
p14	primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of p14, p16, p53, cyclin D1, steroid hormone receptors, and human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma.	16844559	Human
ink4a	early lung cancer	Our study indicates that a high frequency of hypermethylation for RARbeta2, p16(INK4A) and RASSF1A promoters is present in spiral CT-detected tumors, whereas promoter hypermethylation of this panel of genes in uninduced sputum has a limited diagnostic val	16152615	Human
ink4a	nevi and melanomas	Nevi and melanomas correlate to childhood and intermittent solar UV exposure, xeroderma pigmentosum patients run increased risk, and p16(Ink4a) expression is often lost in malignant progression.	16510579	Human
ink4a	nonsmall cell lung carcinoma	The methylation status and protein expression of CDH1, p16(INK4A), and fragile histidine triad in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: epigenetic silencing, clinical features, and prognostic significance.	16598757	Human
p16	ii lung cancer	In stage I and II lung cancer, the obvious inactivation rate of the tumor suppressor gene p16 or RB was 32.6% or 28.3%.	11832187	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	p16 tumor suppressor therapy in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line SACC83.	15953919	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (sacc)	OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the growth inhibitory effects of transfecting the wild-type p16 gene into human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cells in vitro.	15953919	Human
p16	salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma	CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the reversal effect of wild-type p16 on malignant phenotype of the salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and provides valuable data for further clinical trial of gene therapy with p16.	15953919	Human
p16	early lung cancer	Our study indicates that a high frequency of hypermethylation for RARbeta2, p16(INK4A) and RASSF1A promoters is present in spiral CT-detected tumors, whereas promoter hypermethylation of this panel of genes in uninduced sputum has a limited diagnostic val	16152615	Human
p16	cardiac carcinomas	Results: The C/G genotype of p16 was identified in 10.4% of esophageal carcinomas, 13.3% of cardiac carcinomas, and in 14.1% of gastric carcinomas, compared to 17.4% in the healthy control group.	16163549	Human
p16	early invasive cervical cancers	Methods: Peripheral blood samples and cervical tissues, from 36 cervical tissues from high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 31 early invasive cervical cancers (EICC), were analyzed for HPV 16/18 DNA and HPV 16/18 E7 mRNA expression, as we	16289504	Human
p16	nevi and melanomas	Nevi and melanomas correlate to childhood and intermittent solar UV exposure, xeroderma pigmentosum patients run increased risk, and p16(Ink4a) expression is often lost in malignant progression.	16510579	Human
p16	nonsmall cell lung carcinoma	The methylation status and protein expression of CDH1, p16(INK4A), and fragile histidine triad in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: epigenetic silencing, clinical features, and prognostic significance.	16598757	Human
p16	condyloma	Spotty p16 immunoreactivity was observed in 8.1% negative, 8.3% condyloma, 14.3% AIN I, 12.0% AIN II, and 12.5% AIN III cases.	16819320	Human
p16	primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of p14, p16, p53, cyclin D1, steroid hormone receptors, and human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma.	16844559	Human
p16ink4a	malignant rhabdoid tumors (mrt)	Loss of the hSNF5 gene concomitantly inactivates p21CIP/WAF1 and p16INK4a activity associated with replicative senescence in A204 rhabdoid tumor cells. hSNF5, the smallest member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is lost in most malignant rhabd	16288006	Human
p16ink4a	breast cancer metastases	Expression of Retinoblastoma Protein in Breast Cancer Metastases to Sentinel Nodes: Evaluation of its Role as a Marker for the Presence of Metastases in Non-Sentinel Axillary Nodes, and Comparison to p16INK4a.	16540733	Human
p16ink4a	nevi and melanomas	Atypical nevi have been clinically considered to be precursors of melanoma, and recently, biochemical abnormalities have been found that are present in both nevi and melanomas, including inactivation of the p16INK4a tumor suppressor gene and mutations in	16924053	Human
mts1	solid tumors	Immunohistochemical detection of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2/multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (CDKN2/MTS1) product p16INK4A in archival human solid tumors: correlation with retinoblastoma protein expression.	8521382	Human
cdkn2	solid tumors	Immunohistochemical detection of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2/multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (CDKN2/MTS1) product p16INK4A in archival human solid tumors: correlation with retinoblastoma protein expression.	8521382	Human
p16	npc	These findings suggest that complete inactivation of the p16 gene may play a role in the development of NPC.	7743498	Human
p16	npc	In the NPC xenograft (xeno-666) and its newly derived cell line (cell-666), both showing hypermethylation of the p16 gene, no p16 gene expression was found.	8665502	Human
p16	pre-cancerous lesions	In the pre-cancerous lesions, Waf1p21 and pRb were detected in cells surrounding the top of the lesioned region, p16-positive cells were scattered in the basal cell hyperplastic and dysplastic lesions and p53-positive cells existed in 2 distinct patterns:	9311588	Human
p16	mantle cell lymphoma	Alterations of the cyclin D1/p16-pRB pathway in mantle cell lymphoma.	9377576	Human
p16	diffuse large cell lymphomas	All but 3 of the RB- and p16-negative cases were diffuse large cell lymphomas, for an abnormality rate of 55% in this category.	9620022	Human
p16	nodular melanomas	Eighteen of 26 (69%) superficial spreading melanomas, 17 of 28 (61%) nodular melanomas, all of three lentigo maligna melanomas, and all of five melanoma metastases were found to harbor less than 10% p16-positive tumor cells.	9694617	Human
p16	lentigo maligna melanomas	Eighteen of 26 (69%) superficial spreading melanomas, 17 of 28 (61%) nodular melanomas, all of three lentigo maligna melanomas, and all of five melanoma metastases were found to harbor less than 10% p16-positive tumor cells.	9694617	Human
p16	neuroblastoma	We previously reported that loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9p21 correlates with poor prognosis of neuroblastoma and the p16 gene is not expressed in approximately two thirds of neuroblastoma cell lines.	9872329	Human
p16	invasive breast carcinomas	Alterations of p16-pRb pathway and chromosome locus 9p21-22 in sporadic invasive breast carcinomas.	9990866	Human
p16ink4a	erythroleukemia	In mouse MEL erythroleukemia cells, p16INK4a associates preferentially with cdk6 under conditions where cdk4 and cdk6 are coexpressed at equivalent levels.	7651726	Mouse
p16ink4a	tumor-specific antigen	These results suggest that mutation of CDK4 can create a tumor-specific antigen and can disrupt the cell-cycle regulation exerted by the tumor suppressor p16INK4a.	7652577	Human
p16ink4a	solid tumors	Immunohistochemical detection of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2/multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (CDKN2/MTS1) product p16INK4A in archival human solid tumors: correlation with retinoblastoma protein expression.	8521382	Human
cdkn2a	cancerous lesions	Point mutations of p16(CDKN2A) exon 1 were found in all of the precancerous and cancerous lesions.	17091472	Human
p14arf	stage i adenocarcinoma of the lung	In this pathway, the immunohistochemical profile of p14ARF-negative/MDM2-positive/p53-negative is characteristic of stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung.	11940214	Human
p14arf	renal carcinoma	It has recently been suggested that p53 function is unusually compromised in renal carcinoma cells by a novel dominant, MDM2/p14ARF-independent mechanism.	16061625	Human
p14arf	round cell liposarcoma	Frequent alteration of p16INK4a/p14ARF and p53 pathways in the round cell component of myxoid/round cell liposarcoma: p53 gene alterations and reduced p14ARF expression both correlate with poor prognosis.	16622896	Human
p14arf	common tumor	Knowledge of the roles of proteins that are abnormally suppressed or activated due to mutation in the DNA sequences of the common tumor suppressor genes, p14ARF and p53, is critical to the understanding the pathogenesis of breast cancer.	16919268	Human
p14	tumor antigens	These tools include tumor antigens or products (e.g., carbohydrate antigen [CA] 19-9), cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6), metabolic products (e.g., lactate), proteases (e.g., trypsinogen-2), regulatory peptides (e.g., pancreatic polypeptide), and (epi-)gene	15192787	Human
p14	colorectal tumours	The MethyLight assay was used to provide quantitative estimates of MLH1, P16, TIMP3, P14, DAPK and APC methylation levels in 199 unselected colorectal tumours.	16981189	Human
p14	nervous system tumors	Alterations in the p14(ARF) tumor suppressor are frequent in many human cancers and are associated with susceptibility to melanoma, pancreatic cancer, and nervous system tumors.	17035234	Human
p14	papillary carcinomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14	follicular adenomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14	oncocytic adenomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14	follicular carcinomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
p14	papillary carcinomas	In all histological types, except papillary carcinomas, we observed a statistically significant relationship between p14ARF and E2F1 (r=0.64 to 1, P<0.05).	17117177	Human
mts1	carcinogenesis	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
mts1	invasive breast cancers	[Flow cytometric quantitative analysis of multiple tumor suppressor gene 1 (MTS1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expressions in invasive breast cancers and their clinical significance] OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to explore the expr	17147116	Human
mts1	primary invasive breast cancers	METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression level of MTS1 and COX-2 in cancer tissues and corresponding para-cancer tissues from 66 cases of primary invasive breast cancers.	17147116	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	Association between INK4a-ARF and p53 mutations in skin carcinomas of xeroderma pigmentosum patients.	11078762	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum (xp)	We examined the frequency of INK4a-ARF, p53, and CDK4 mutations in skin carcinomas from patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a rare autosomal disease that is associated with a defect in DNA repair and that predisposes patients to skin cancer.	11078762	Human
ink4a	hepatocarcinogenesis	The INK4a-ARF-/p53-pathway was disrupted in 86% of HCC, either by p53 mutations or by INK4a-ARF inactivation, and may have co-operative effects in hepatocarcinogenesis.	11704835	Human
ink4a	rms	Here we show that simultaneous loss of Ink4a/Arf function and disruption of c-Met signaling in Ink4a/Arf(-/-) mice transgenic for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) induces RMS with extremely high penetrance and short latency.	12368906	Mouse
ink4a	rms	Our data indicate that human c-MET and INK4a/ARF, situated at the nexus of pathways regulating myogenic growth and differentiation, represent critical targets in RMS pathogenesis.	12368906	Human
ink4a	pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland	Alterations of the INK4a-ARF gene locus in pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland.	12375265	Human
ink4a	angiosarcoma of the liver	This study was done to investigate the contribution of the INK4a-ARF locus in tumorigenesis of angiosarcoma of the liver.	12378512	Human
ink4a	angiosarcoma of the liver	In conclusion, our data indicate that the INK4a-ARF locus is frequently inactivated in angiosarcoma of the liver and occurs independently of p53 mutations.	12378512	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum group c	Germline and somatic mutations of the INK4a-ARF gene in a xeroderma pigmentosum group C patient.	12485439	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	An elevated proportion of tumors from xeroderma pigmentosum patients harbor ultraviolet-induced mutations (CC:GG > TT:AA tandem transitions) of the p53 and/or the INK4a-ARF genes.	12485439	Human
ink4a	atypical fibroxanthoma	Single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing analysis of the p53 and INK4a-ARF genes were carried out in DNA from normal skin and different tumors (four actinic keratosis, two microinvasive squamous cell carcinomas, one basal cell carcinoma, and	12485439	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	After characterization of the xeroderma pigmentosum C complementation group, we found unexpectedly that this patient also carried a germline mutation of the INK4a-ARF locus affecting the p16INK4A reading frame.	12485439	Human
ink4a	xeroderma pigmentosum	Furthermore, this study confirms that concomitant somatic mutations of INK4a-ARF and p53 occur in some xeroderma pigmentosum associated tumors, and seem to accumulate during tumor progression rather than the initiation step.	12485439	Human
ink4a	rms	We used cDNA microarray analysis of RMS cell lines, derived from Ink4a/Arf-deficient mice transgenic for hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), to identify a set of genes whose expression was significantly different between highly and poorly me	14704789	Mouse
ink4a	skin tumors	This study demonstrates for the first time UV-induced mutations of INK4a-ARF that occur in a small percentage in late stages skin tumors.	15057871	Human
ink4a	carcinogenesis	Based on the concept that tumor suppressor genes are involved in the pathogenesis of urinary bladder carcinogenesis, we analysed the mRNA expression of the retinoblastoma (Rb) and p16 (CDKN2, INK4A, MTS1) genes as well as of the proto-oncogene cyclin D-de	15161057	Human
ink4a	barrett's adenocarcinoma	INK4a-ARF alterations in Barrett's epithelium, intraepithelial neoplasia and Barrett's adenocarcinoma.	15185075	Human
ink4a	tumor antigens	These tools include tumor antigens or products (e.g., carbohydrate antigen [CA] 19-9), cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6), metabolic products (e.g., lactate), proteases (e.g., trypsinogen-2), regulatory peptides (e.g., pancreatic polypeptide), and (epi-)gene	15192787	Human
ink4a	skin tumor	In conclusion, molecular analysis using a combination of p53 and INK4a-ARF mutation analysis can identify the corresponding primary skin tumor in case of CSCC metastases in the majority of cases.	15613867	Human
ink4a	skin tumors	The high level of ras oncogene activation, Ink4a-Arf and p53 tumor suppressor gene modifications as well as alterations of the different partners of the mitogenic sonic hedgehog signaling pathway (patched, smoothened and sonic hedgehog), characterized in	15748637	Human
ink4a	cancerous lesions	The aim was to investigate in biopsies the expression of p16(INK4a) of normal uterine cervical tissue, pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions, and their relation with human papilloma virus (HPV) and HIV status.	16376485	Human
ink4a	uterine cervical cancers	[Study of p16(INK4A) expression and DNA ploidy in HPV-negative cervical cancers and precursors] OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological significance of p16(INK4A) expression and DNA ploidy status in HPV-negative uterine cervical cancers and thei	17069677	Human
ink4a	colorectal adenomas	Here, we show that, in a series of human colorectal adenomas, those with deregulation of cyclin D1 and/or p16(Ink4a) showed little evidence of constitutive DNA damage response (DDR), contrary to cyclin E-overexpressing higher-grade cases.	17079443	Human
ink4a	oncocytic adenomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
ink4a	follicular carcinomas	Overexpression of p14ARF and pl6INK4A was observed in follicular adenomas, follicular carcinomas and papillary carcinomas, while downregulation was found in oncocytic adenomas compared to nontumoral paired thyroid tissues.	17117177	Human
tp16	schwa